1 Change in FEV1 (ml) at 2 hours Show forest plot

2

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

2 Change in FEV1 (ml) at 3 days Show forest plot

2

78

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

101.13 [25.61, 176.65]

1 Admissions among emergency department patients Show forest plot

1

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

2 Emergency department returns within one week Show forest plot

2

91

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.53 [0.45, 5.15]

3 Difference in hospital length‐of‐stay (days) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

1 Proportion with improvement in symptom score within hours Show forest plot

1

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

2 Change in symptoms score at 3 days Show forest plot

2

78

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

‐1.36 [‐5.11, 2.40]

1 Effect of methyl‐xanthines on nausea/vomiting Show forest plot

3

117

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

4.62 [1.70, 12.56]

2 Effect of methylxanthines on tremor Show forest plot

3

117

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.83 [0.73, 4.56]

3 Effect of methylxanthines on palpitations/arrhythmias Show forest plot

2

89

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

4.14 [0.87, 19.61]