Continuation and maintenance treatments for persistent depressive disorder
Appendices
Appendix 1. Search strategy
Cochrane Common Mental Disorders Specialized Register (CCMD‐CTR)
The Cochrane Common Mental Disorders Group maintains a specialized register of RCTs: the CCMD‐CTR. This register contains over 39,000 reference records (reports of RCTs) for depression, anxiety, and other common mental disorders. A percentage of the reference records have been tagged to 12,500 individual, PICO‐coded (PICO = participants, interventions, comparators, outcomes) study records (with coding based on the EU‐Psi coding manual). Reports of trials for inclusion in the register are collated from (weekly) generic searches of MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO; quarterly searches of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); and review‐specific searches of additional databases. Reports of trials are also sourced from international trial registries, drug companies, the handsearching of key journals, conference proceedings, and other (non‐Cochrane) systematic reviews and meta‐analyses. Details of CCMD's core search strategies can be found on the Group's website.
OVID PsycINFO
[Condition]
1. (chronic* depress*).ti,ab,id.
2. (double depress*).ti,ab,id.
3. DYSTHYMIC DISORDER/
4. MAJOR DEPRESSION/ and (“CHRONICITY (Disorders)”/ or CHRONIC ILLNESS/)
5. (dysthymi*).ti,ab,id.
6. RECURRENT DEPRESSION/
7. (depress* adj2 recurr*).ti,ab,id.
8. persistent depressive disorder.ti,ab,id.
9. or/1‐8
[Maintenance]
10. MAINTENANCE THERAPY/
11. (maintenance or maintained).ti,ab,id.
12. continuation.ti,ab,id.
13. (stable or stabilise*1).ab.
14. RELAPSE PREVENTION/
15. “RELAPSE (Disorders)”/
16. or/10‐15
[Controlled Trials Filter]
17. exp EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN/
18. TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS EVALUATION/
19. MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM EVALUATION/
20. (empirical study or longitudinal study or prospective study or quantitative study).md.
21. “2000”.md. [treatment outcome/clinical study]
22. RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES/
23. EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE/
24. (study or trial or treatment* or intervention or therap* or psychotherap*).ti.
25. (control* adj3 (group*1 or study or trial)).ti,ab,id.
26. (waitlist* or wait list* or treatment* as usual or TAU or care as usual or standard care or standard treatment*).ti,ab,id.
27. placebo.ti,ab,id.
28. PLACEBO/
29. (RCT or random*).ti,ab,id.
30. (crossover* or cross over*).ti,ab,id.
31. (quasi experimental).ti,ab,id.
32. (longitudinal or cohort).ti,ab,id.
33. (case adj (control or report or series)).ti,ab,id.
34. (cross‐sectional).ti,ab,id.
35. (experimental or quantitative or pilot).ti,ab,id.
36. or/17‐35
37. (9 and 16 and 36)
[Psychotherapies]
38. exp PSYCHOTHERAPY/
39. exp PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES/
40. exp COGNITIVE TECHNIQUES/
41. exp COUNSELING/
42. 3300.cc. [Classification Code: Health & Mental Health Treatment & Prevention]
43. 3310.cc. [Classification Code: Psychotherapy & Psychotherapeutic Counseling]
44. 3311.cc. [Classification Code: Cognitive Therapies]
45. 3312.cc. [Classification Code: Behavior Therapy & Behavior Modification]
46. 3313.cc. [Classification Code: Group & Family Therapy]
47. 3314.cc. [Classification Code: Interpersonal & Client Centered & Humanistic Therapy]
48. 3315.cc. [Classification Code: Psychoanalytic Therapy]
49. (CBT or c‐CBT or iCBT or coping skills or counsel?ing or mindfulness or psychoanal* or psychotherap* or rehabilitat*).ti,ab,id.
50. ((psychologic* or psychodynamic or behavio?r or cognitive) adj3 (intervent* or therap* or treat* or manag*)).ti,ab,id.
51. (Abreaction or Acting Out or Adlerian or Adolescent Psychotherap* or Age Regression or Analytical Psychotherap* or Anger Control or Anger Management or Art Therap* or Assertive* Training or Autogenic Training or Autosuggestion or Aversion Therap* or Balint Group or Behavio?r Contracting or Behavio?r Modification or Behavio?r Therap* or Bibliotherap* or Biofeedback or Body Psychotherap* or Brief Psychotherap* or Caregiver Support or Child Psychotherap* or Client Cent* Therapy or Cognitive Behavio?r Therap* or Cognitive Behavio?ral Stress Management or Cognitive Rehabilitation or Cognitive Restructuring or Cognitive Therap* or Colo?r Therap* or Conjoint Therap* or Contingency Management or Conversion Therap* or Conversational Therap* or Countertransference or Couples Therap* or Covert Sensitization or Crisis Intervention).ti,ab,id,de.
52. (Dance Therap* or Dialectical Behavio?r Therap* or (Dream* adj3 Analys*) or Eclectic Psychotherap* or Eclectic Therap* or Emotion* Focus* Therap* or Emotional Freedom Technique or Encounter Group Therap* or Existential Therap* or Experiential Psychotherap* or Exposure Therap* or Expressive Psychotherap* or Eye Movement Desensiti#ation or Family Therap* or Free Association or Geriatric Psychotherap* or Gestalt Therap* or Griefwork or Group Psychotherap* or Group Therap* or Guided Image* or Holistic Psychotherap* or Humanistic Psychotherap* or Hypnosis or Hypnotherapy or Hypnoti#zability or Implosive Therap* or Individual Psychotherap* or Insight Therap* or Integrative Psychotherap* or Integrative Therap* or Interpersonal Psychotherap*).ti,ab,id,de.
53. (Logotherap* or Marathon Group Therap* or Marital Therap* or Meditation or Mental Healing or Metacognitive Therap* or Milieu Therap* or Mind train* or Morita Therap* or Music Therap* or Narrative Therap* or Nondirective Therap* or Personal Construct Therap* or Person Cent* Therap* or Persuasion Therap* or Pet Therap* or Play Therap* or Primal Therap* or Problem Solving Therap* or Psychoanalysis or Psychoanalytic Therap* or Psychodrama or Psychodynamic Psychotherapy or Psychotherapeutic Counsel* or Psychotherapeutic Processes or Psychotherapeutic Training or (Psychotherap* adj3 Rational‐Emotive)) .ti,ab,id,de.
54. (Rational Emotive Behavio?r Therap* or Reality Therap* or Reciprocal Inhibition Therap* or Relationship Therap* or Relaxation Stress Management or Relaxation Technique* or Relaxation Therap* or Relaxation Training or Reminiscence Therap* or Role Playing or Self Analys* or Self Esteem Building or Sensitivity Training Group* or Sex Therap* or Sleep Phase Chronotherap* or Socioenvironmental Therap* or Sociotherap* or Solution Focused Therap* or Support Group* or (Support adj3 Psycho*) or Systematic Desensiti#ation or Therapeutic Communit* or Transactional Analysis or Validation Therap*).ti,ab,id,de.
55. or/38‐54
[Antidepressants]
56. PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY/ or NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY/
57. 3340.cc. [Classification Code: Clinical Psychopharmacology]
58. exp ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS/
59. NEUROTRANSMITTER UPTAKE INHIBITORS/ or exp SEROTONIN NOREPINEPHERINE REUPTAKE INHIBITORS/ or exp SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS/
60. exp MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS/
61. exp TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS/
62. (antidepress* or anti depress* or MAOI* or monoamine oxidase inhibit* or ((serotonin or norepinephrine or noradrenaline or nor epinephrine or nor adrenaline or neurotransmitt* or dopamine*) and (uptake or reuptake or re‐uptake)) or noradrenerg* or antiadrenergic or anti adrenergic or SSRI* or SNRI* or TCA* or tricyclic* or tetracyclic* or heterocyclic*).ti,ab,id,de.
63. (Agomelatine or Alnespirone or Amoxapine or Amfebutamone or Amiflamine or Amineptine or Amitriptylin* or Amitriptylinoxide or Amoxapine or (Atomoxetine or Tomoxetine) or Benactyzine or Brofaromine or Bupropion or Butriptylin* or Cianopramine or Cilobamine or Citalopram or (Chlorimipramin* or Clomipramin* or Chlomipramin* or Clorimipramine) or Clorgyline or Clovoxamine or (CX157 or Tyrima) or Dapoxetine or Deanol or Dibenzepin* or Demexiptilin* or Deprenyl or Desipramine or Desvenlafaxine or Dibenzepin or Dimetacrin* or (Dosulepin or Dothiepin) or Doxepin or Duloxetine or DVS‐233 or Enilospirone or Eptapirone or Escitalopram or Etoperidone or Femoxetine or Fluotracen or Fluoxetine or Fluparoxan or Furazolidone or Fluvoxamine or Harmaline or Harmine or Hyperforin or Hypericum or John* Wort or Idazoxan or Imipramin* or Iprindole or Iproniazid* or Ipsapirone or Imipraminoxide or Isocarboxazid* or Lesopitron or Levomilnacipran or Lithium or Lofepramin* or (Lu AA21004 or Vortioxetine) or Lu AA24530 or LY2216684 or Maprotiline or Medifoxamine or Melitracen or Metapramine or Mianserin or Milnacipran or Minaprine or Mirtazapine or Moclobemide or Nefazodone or Nialamide or Nitroxazepine or Nomifensine or Norfenfluramine or Nortriptyline or Noxiptilin* or Opipramol or Oxaflozane or Paroxetine or Phenelzine or Pheniprazine or Pipofezin* or Pirandamine or Piribedil or Pirlindole or Pivagabine or Pizotyline or Propizepine or (Protriptylin* or Pertofrane) or Quinupramine or Quipazine or Reboxetine or Ritanserin or Rolipram or Scopolamine or Selegiline or Sertraline or (Setiptiline or Teciptiline) or Tandospirone or Tetrindole or Thiazesim or Thozalinone or Tianeptin* or Toloxatone or Tranylcypromine or Trazodone or Trimipramine or 5‐Hydroxytryptophan or 5‐HT or Tryptophan or Hydroxytryptophan or Venlafaxine or Viloxazine or Vilazodone or Viqualine or Zalospirone or Zimeldine or (Alaproclate or Caroxazone or Diclofensine or Fenfluramine)) .ti,ab,id,de.
64. or/56‐63
[Mood Stabilisers or Antipsychotics]
65. MOOD STABILIZERS/
66. exp ANTICONVULSIVE DRUGS/
67. exp NEUROLEPTIC DRUGS/
68. ((mood stabili?er*1 or lithium or eslicarbazepine or licarbazepine or valnoctamide or carbamazepine or valproate or valproic acid or divalpro* or ziprasidone or gabapentin or lamotrigine or topiramate) or (antipsychotic*1 or amisulpride or aripiprazole or asenapine or cariprazine or clozapine or haloperidol or iloperidone or lurasidone or olanzapine or quetiapin* or paliperidone or prosulpride or risperidone)).ti,ab,id,de.
69. or/65‐68
70. (9 and (55 or 64 or 69) and 36)
71. 37 or 68 (c3000 hits)
OVID cross‐search
1. MAINTENANCE THERAPY/
2. (continuation or maintenance).ti.
3. ((continuation or maintenance) adj2 (efficacy or effectiveness or medicat* or pharmacotherap* or phase or study or therap* or psychotherap* or treatment*)).ti,ab,id,kf,kw.
4. ((continu* or maint*) adj (medicat* or pharmacotherap* or therap* or psychotherap* or treatment*)).ti,ab,id,kf,kw.
5. or/1‐4
6. chronic* depress*.ti,ab,id,kf,kw.
7. doubl* depress*.ti,ab,id,kf,kw.
8. DYSTHYMIC DISORDER/ or DYSTHYMIA/
9. dysthymi*.ti,ab,id,kf,kw.
10. MAJOR DEPRESSION/ or DEPRESSIVE DISORDER/ or DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, MAJOR/
11. "CHRONICITY (DISORDERS)"/ or CHRONIC ILLNESS/ or CHRONIC DISEASE/ or RECURRENCE/ or RECURRENT DISEASE/ or RECURRENCE RISK/ or REMISSION/
12. (10 and 11)
13. RECURRENT DEPRESSION/
14. (depress* adj2 recurr*).ti,ab,id,kf,kw.
15. persistent depressive disorder.ti,ab,id,kf,kw.
16. (6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 12 or 13 or 14 or 15)
17. (5 and 16)
[De‐duplicated = 1400]
Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL)
#1 (continuation or maintenance):ti
#2 ((continuation or maintenance) near/3 (efficacy or effectiveness or medicat* or pharmacotherap* or phase or study or therap* or psychotherap* or treatment*))
#3 ((continu* or maint*) next (medicat* or pharmacotherap* or therap* or psychotherap* or treatment*))
#4 (#1 or #2 or #3)
#5 "chronic* depress*"
#6 "doubl* depress*"
#7 MeSH descriptor: [DYSTHYMIC DISORDER] this term only
#8 dysthymi*
#9 MeSH descriptor: [DEPRESSIVE DISORDER] this term only
#10 MeSH descriptor: [DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, MAJOR] this term only
#11 MeSH descriptor: [CHRONIC DISEASE] explode all trees
#12 MeSH descriptor: [RECURRENCER] this term only
#13 (#9 or #10) and (#11 or #12)
#14 (depress* near/3 recurr*)
#15 (persistent next depress*)
#16 (#5 or #6 or #7 or #8 or #13 or #14 or #15)
#17 (#4 and #16)
