Diarios para la recuperación de enfermedades graves
Appendices
Appendix 1. CENTRAL search strategy
#1 MeSH descriptor: [Patients] explode all trees
#2 MeSH descriptor: [Caregivers] explode all trees
#3 MeSH descriptor: [Narration] explode all trees
#4 (#1 or #2) and #3
#5 ((patient* or caregiver*) and (diaries or diary or (narrat* and (coherent or outlining))))
#6 #4 or #5
#7 MeSH descriptor: [Intensive Care Units] explode all trees
#8 MeSH descriptor: [Critical Care] explode all trees
#9 MeSH descriptor: [Critical Illness] explode all trees
#10 ((critical* near ill*) or ((intensive care unit* or ICU) and (recover* or delusional memor* or psychological distress or anxiety or depression or PTSD or bedside nurs* or family or caregiver* or recuperate*)))
#11 #7 or #8 or #9 or #10
#12 #6 and #11
Appendix 2. MEDLINE (OvidSP) search strategy
1. ((patient* or caregiver*) adj5 (diaries or diary or (narrat* adj3 (coherent or outlining)))).af. or ((exp Patients/ or exp Caregivers/) and exp Narration/)
2. ((critical* adj3 ill*) or ((intensive care unit* or ICU) adj5 (recover* or delusional memor* or psychological distress or anxiety or depression or PTSD or bedside nurs* or family or caregiver* or recuperate*))).af. or exp Intensive Care Units/ or exp Critical Care/ or exp Critical Illness/
3. 1 and 2
Appendix 3. EMBASE (Ovid SP) search strategy
1 ((patient* or caregiver*) adj3 (diaries or diary or (narrat* adj3 (coherent or outlining)))).mp. or ((exp patient/ or exp caregiver/) and exp verbal communication/)
2 ((critical* adj3 ill*) or ((intensive care unit* or ICU) adj3 (recover* or delusional memor* or psychological distress or anxiety or depression or PTSD or bedside nurs* or family or caregiver* or recuperate*))).mp. or exp intensive care unit/ or exp intensive care/ or exp critical illness/
3 1 and 2
Appendix 4. PsycINFO (Ovid SP) search strategy
1 ((patient* or caregiver*) adj3 (diaries or diary or (narrat* and (coherent or outlining)))).af. or ((exp Patients/ or exp Caregivers/) and (exp Narratives/ or exp Journal Writing/))
2 ((critical* and ill*) or ((intensive care unit* or ICU) and (recover* or delusional memor* or psychological distress or anxiety or depression or PTSD or bedside nurs* or family or caregiver* or recuperate*))).af. or exp Intensive Care/
3 1 and 2
Appendix 5. CINAHL (EBSCOhost) search strategy
S1 ((patient* or caregiver*) and (diaries or diary or (narrat* and (coherent or outlining)))) OR ((MM "Narratives") AND ((MH "Patients+") OR (MM "Caregivers")))
S2 (MH "Intensive Care Units+") OR (MH "Critical Care+") OR (MM "Critical Illness") OR ((critical* and ill*) or ((intensive care unit* or ICU) and (recover* or delusional memor* or psychological distress or anxiety or depression or PTSD or bedside nurs* or family or caregiver* or recuperate*)))
S3 S1 and S2
Appendix 6. ISI Web of Science search strategy
#1 TS=((patient* or caregiver*) SAME (diaries or diary or (narrat* AND (coherent or outlining))))
#2 TS=(critical* SAME ill*) or TS=((intensive care unit* or ICU) SAME (recover* or delusional memor* or psychological distress or anxiety or depression or PTSD or bedside nurs* or family or caregiver* or recuperate*))
#3 #1 and #2
Appendix 7. Data extraction form
CARG
Data collection form
Intervention review – RCTs only
| Review title or ID |
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| Study ID(surname of first author and year first full report of study was published e.g. Smith 2001) |
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| Report IDs of other reports of this study(e.g. duplicate publications, follow‐up studies) |
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| Notes:
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1. General Information
| Date form completed(dd/mm/yyyy) |
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| Name/ID of person extracting data |
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| Report title (title of paper/ abstract/ report that data are extracted from) |
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| Report ID (ID for this paper/ abstract/ report) |
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| Reference details |
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| Report author contact details |
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| Publication type (e.g. full report, abstract, letter) |
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| Study funding sources (including role of funders) |
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| Possible conflicts of interest (for study authors) |
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| Notes: | |
2. Study Eligibility
| Study Characteristics | Eligibility criteria
| Yes | No | Unclear | Location in text (pg & ¶/fig/table) | |
| Type of study | Randomized Controlled Trial |
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| Controlled Clinical Trial (quasi‐randomized trial) |
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| Participants
| Patient’s or family members/carers recovering from admission to an ICU |
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| Types of intervention | Prospective patient diaries
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| Types of outcome measures |
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| INCLUDE | EXCLUDE | |||||
| Reason for exclusion
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| Notes: | ||||||
DO NOT PROCEED IF STUDY EXCLUDED FROM REVIEW
3. Population and setting
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| Description Include comparative information for each group (i.e. intervention and controls) if available | Location in text (pg & ¶/fig/table) | |
| Population description (from which study participants are drawn) |
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| Setting (including location and social context) |
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| Inclusion criteria |
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| Exclusion criteria |
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| Method/s of recruitment of participants |
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| Informed consent obtained
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Yes No Unclear |
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| Notes: | |||
4. Methods
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| Descriptions as stated in report/paper
| Location in text (pg & ¶/fig/table) | |
| Aim of study |
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| Design(e.g. parallel, cross‐over, cluster) |
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| Unit of allocation (by individuals, cluster/groups or body parts) |
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| Start date |
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| End date |
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| Total study duration |
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| Ethical approval needed/obtained for study |
Yes No Unclear |
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| Notes: | |||
5. Risk of bias assessment
See Chapter 8 of The Cochrane Handbook
| Domain | Risk of bias
| Support for judgement
| Location in text (pg & ¶/fig/table) | ||
| Low risk | High risk | Unclear | |||
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) |
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| Allocation concealment (selection bias) |
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| Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) | Outcome group: All/
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| (if required) | Outcome group:
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| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) | Outcome group: All/
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| (if required) | Outcome group:
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| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) |
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| Selective outcome reporting? (reporting bias) |
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| Other bias |
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| Notes: | |||||
6. Participants
Provide overall data and, if available, comparative data for each intervention or comparison group.
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| Description as stated in report/paper
| Location in text (pg & ¶/fig/table) |
| Total no. randomized (or total pop. at start of study for NRCTs) |
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| Baseline imbalances |
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| Withdrawals and exclusions (if not provided below by outcome) |
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| Age |
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| Sex |
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| Race/Ethnicity |
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| Severity of illness |
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| Co‐morbidities |
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| Other treatment received(additional to study intervention) |
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| Other relevant sociodemographics |
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| Subgroups measured |
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| Subgroups reported |
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| Notes: | ||
7. Intervention groups
Copy and paste table for each intervention and comparison group
Intervention Group
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| Description as stated in report/paper
| Location in text (pg & ¶/fig/table) |
| Group name |
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| No. randomized to group |
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| General content of diary |
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| Author/s of diary |
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| Inclusion of photographs |
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| Method of providing the diary to the patient/family (including staff present, co‐interventions at that time) |
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| Timing of providing the diary to the patient/family |
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| Other co‐interventions (including follow‐up) |
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| Economic variables |
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| Resource requirements to replicate intervention |
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| Notes: | ||
Comparison Group
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| Description as stated in report/paper
| Location in text (pg & ¶/fig/table) |
| Group name |
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| No. randomized to group |
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| Description of standard ICU care received (e.g. follow‐up) |
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| Co‐interventions |
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| Economic variables |
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| Resource requirements to replicate intervention |
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| Notes: | ||
8. Outcomes
Copy and paste table for each outcome.
Outcome 1
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| Description as stated in report/paper
| Location in text (pg & ¶/fig/table) | |
| Outcome name |
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| Time points measured |
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| Time points reported |
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| Outcome definition(with diagnostic criteria if relevant) |
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| Person measuring/reporting |
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| Unit of measurement (if relevant) |
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| Scales: upper and lower limits(indicate whether high or low score is good) |
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| Is outcome/tool validated? |
Yes No Unclear |
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| Imputation of missing data |
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| Assumed risk estimate (e.g. baseline or population risk noted in Background) |
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| Power |
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9. Results
Copy and paste the appropriate table for each outcome, including additional tables for each time point and subgroup as required.
Dichotomous outcome 1
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| Description as stated in report/paper
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| Comparison |
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| Outcome |
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| Subgroup |
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| Timepoint |
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| Results | Intervention | Comparison |
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| No. events | No. participants | No. events | No. participants | |||
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| No. missing participants and reasons |
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| No. participants moved from other group and reasons |
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| Any other results reported |
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| Unit of analysis(by individuals, cluster/groups or body parts)
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| Statistical methods used and appropriateness of these methods(e.g. adjustment for correlation) |
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| Reanalysis required?(specify) |
Yes No Unclear |
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| Reanalysis possible? |
Yes No Unclear |
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| Reanalysed results |
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| Notes: | ||||||
Continuous outcome
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| Description as stated in report/paper
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| Comparison |
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| Outcome |
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| Subgroup |
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| Timepoint |
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| Post‐intervention or change from baseline? |
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| Results | Intervention | Comparison |
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| Mean | SD (or other variance) | No. participants | Mean | SD (or other variance) | No. participants |
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| No. missing participants and reasons |
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| No. participants moved from other group and reasons |
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| Any other results reported |
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| Unit of analysis (individuals, cluster/ groups or body parts) |
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| Statistical methods used and appropriateness of these methods(e.g. adjustment for correlation) |
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| Reanalysis required?(specify) |
Yes No Unclear |
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| Reanalysis possible? |
Yes No Unclear |
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| Reanalysed results |
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| Notes: |
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Other outcome
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| Description as stated in report/paper
| Location in text (pg & ¶/fig/table) | ||||
| Comparison |
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| Outcome |
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| Subgroup |
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| Timepoint |
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| Results | Intervention result | SD (or other variance) | Control result | SD (or other variance) |
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| Overall results | SE (or other variance) | |||||
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| No. participants | Intervention | Control |
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| No. missing participants and reasons |
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| No. participants moved from other group and reasons |
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| Any other results reported |
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| Unit of analysis(by individuals, cluster/groups or body parts) |
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| Statistical methods used and appropriateness of these methods |
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| Reanalysis required?(specify) |
Yes No Unclear |
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| Reanalysis possible? |
Yes No Unclear |
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| Reanalysed results |
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| Notes: | ||||||
10. Applicability
| Have important populations been excluded from the study?(consider disadvantaged populations, and possible differences in the intervention effect) |
Yes No Unclear |
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| Is the intervention likely to be aimed at disadvantaged groups?(e.g. lower socioeconomic groups) |
Yes No Unclear |
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| Does the study directly address the review question? (any issues of partial or indirect applicability) |
Yes No Unclear |
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| Notes: | ||
11. Other information
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| Description as stated in report/paper
| Location in text (pg & ¶/fig/table) |
| Key conclusions of study authors |
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| References to other relevant studies |
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| Correspondence required for further study information(from whom, what and when) |
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| Notes: | ||
Study flow diagram.
Risk of bias graph: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies.
Risk of bias summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study.
| Outcomes | Study | Incidence | Number of participants | Quality of the evidence: GRADE |
| Risk of anxiety in patients recovering from admission to ICU Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (Zigmond 1983) | Patient diary: 2 of 18 participants (11.1%) had the likely presence of clinically significant anxiety. No patient diary: 7 of 18 participants (38.9%) had the likely presence of clinically significant anxiety. | 36 | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ very low 1,2 | |
| Risk of depression in patients recovering from admission to ICU Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (Zigmond 1983) | Patient diary: 3 of 18 participants (16.7%) had the likely presence of clinically significant depression. No patient diary: 8 of 18 participants (44.4%) had the likely presence of clinically significant depression. | 36 | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ very low 1,2 | |
| Risk of memory recall of ICU in patients recovering from admission to ICU Intensive Care Unit Memory Tool (Jones 2000) | Patient diary: 85 of 162 participants (55%) had recall of delusional ICU memories. No patient diary: 81 of 160 participants (52%) had recall of delusional ICU memories. | 322 | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ low 2 | |
| Post‐traumatic stress symptomatology in patients recovering from admission to ICU Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder‐Related Symptoms Screening Tool 14 (Twigg 2008) | Patient diary: The median post‐traumatic stress symptomatology in the patient diary group was 24 (SD 11.6)3 No patient diary: The median post‐traumatic stress symptomatology in the no patient diary group was 24 (SD 11.6) 3 | 322 | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ low 2 | |
| Post‐traumatic stress symptomatology in family members of patients recovering from admission to ICU Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder‐Related Symptoms Screening Tool 14 (Twigg 2008) | Patient diary: The median post‐traumatic stress symptomatology in the patient diary group was 19 (range 14 to 28) 3 No patient diary: The median post‐traumatic stress symptomatology in the no diary group was 28 (range 14 to 38) 3 | 30 | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ low 2 | |
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence | ||||
| CI: Confidence interval | ||||
| 1 Results are from a single study at risk of bias regarding blinding of outcome assessment and participants. | ||||
