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Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Антипсихотические средства при кокаиновой зависимости

Información

DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006306.pub3Copiar DOI
Base de datos:
  1. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Versión publicada:
  1. 19 marzo 2016see what's new
Tipo:
  1. Intervention
Etapa:
  1. Review
Grupo Editorial Cochrane:
  1. Grupo Cochrane de Alcohol y drogas

Copyright:
  1. Copyright © 2016 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Contraer

Autores

  • Blanca I Indave

    Correspondencia a: European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), Lisboa, Portugal

    [email protected]

  • Silvia Minozzi

    Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy

  • Pier Paolo Pani

    Social‐Health Division, Health District 8 (ASL 8) Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy

  • Laura Amato

    Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy

Contributions of authors

In the first version LA wrote the background, inspected search hits by reading titles and abstracts, assessed full texts for inclusion, extracted data, made the analysis, wrote the results section, drafted conclusions. SM assessed full texts for inclusion, extracted data, assessed risk of bias, made the analysis, wrote the results section, PP helped with suggestion in writing the background and wrote the discussion.

In the present update BII, SM extracted data, assessed risk of bias, performed the analysis and wrote the main text of the review. LA and PP supervised and wrote the Discussion and the conclusions.

Sources of support

Internal sources

  • Department of Epidemiology, ASL RM E, Italy.

  • European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addictionof support, Portugal.

External sources

  • National Institute of Health, Italy.

Declarations of interest

Blanca I Indave: None known.

Silvia Minozzi: None known.

Pier Paolo Pani: None known.

Laura Amato: None known.

Acknowledgements

Blanca I Indave undertook this update as her trainee's project at the EMCDDA under supervision of Marica Ferri. We would like to thank Marica Ferri for her support in particular on the assessment of the quality of the studies.We would like to acknowledge the previous contributions of Marina Davoli who was a co‐author on previous versions and helped with liaison on discussion and results writing. We thank Zuzana Mitrova, the trial search co‐ordinator, for her help in performing the bibliographic searches and retrieving the articles for the review.

Version history

Published

Title

Stage

Authors

Version

2016 Mar 19

Antipsychotic medications for cocaine dependence

Review

Blanca I Indave, Silvia Minozzi, Pier Paolo Pani, Laura Amato

https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006306.pub3

2007 Jul 18

Antipsychotic medications for cocaine dependence

Review

Laura Amato, Silvia Minozzi, Pier Paolo Pani, Marina Davoli

https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006306.pub2

2007 Jan 24

Antipsychotic medications for cocaine dependence

Protocol

Laura Amato, Silvia Minozzi, Pier Paolo Pani, Marina Davoli

https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006306

Differences between protocol and review

We now excluded one study (Grabowski 2006), included in the previous version as an ongoing trial which met the inclusion criteria, due to a modification in the study protocol in 2007. The pharmacological intervention had been modified, substituting an antipsychotic drug (aripiprazol) with an antidepressant (citalopram), thus rendering it ineligible for this update. Another study included in the previous version (Berger 1996) was excluded from the update because the outcome did not comply with our inclusion criteria.

Meta‐analysis of continuous outcomes of the old studies of ASI, CGI‐O, HAM‐D and HAM‐A had to be redone for postintervention outcomes, because the previous type of analysis comparing before‐and‐after changes was incorrect.

Keywords

MeSH

PICO

Population
Intervention
Comparison
Outcome

El uso y la enseñanza del modelo PICO están muy extendidos en el ámbito de la atención sanitaria basada en la evidencia para formular preguntas y estrategias de búsqueda y para caracterizar estudios o metanálisis clínicos. PICO son las siglas en inglés de cuatro posibles componentes de una pregunta de investigación: paciente, población o problema; intervención; comparación; desenlace (outcome).

Para saber más sobre el uso del modelo PICO, puede consultar el Manual Cochrane.

Study flow diagram. Review update 2015.
Figuras y tablas -
Figure 1

Study flow diagram. Review update 2015.

Risk of bias graph: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies.
Figuras y tablas -
Figure 2

Risk of bias graph: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies.

Risk of bias summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study.
Figuras y tablas -
Figure 3

Risk of bias summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study.

Comparison 1 Any antipsychotic versus placebo, Outcome 1 Dropouts.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 Any antipsychotic versus placebo, Outcome 1 Dropouts.

Comparison 1 Any antipsychotic versus placebo, Outcome 2 Side effects.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 Any antipsychotic versus placebo, Outcome 2 Side effects.

Comparison 1 Any antipsychotic versus placebo, Outcome 3 Number of participants using cocaine during the treatment (as days/week by urine tests or self report).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.3

Comparison 1 Any antipsychotic versus placebo, Outcome 3 Number of participants using cocaine during the treatment (as days/week by urine tests or self report).

Comparison 1 Any antipsychotic versus placebo, Outcome 4 Continuous abstinence (number of participants who maintained negative drug screens for 2 ‐ 3 weeks).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.4

Comparison 1 Any antipsychotic versus placebo, Outcome 4 Continuous abstinence (number of participants who maintained negative drug screens for 2 ‐ 3 weeks).

Comparison 1 Any antipsychotic versus placebo, Outcome 5 Craving (Brief Substance Craving Scale).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.5

Comparison 1 Any antipsychotic versus placebo, Outcome 5 Craving (Brief Substance Craving Scale).

Comparison 1 Any antipsychotic versus placebo, Outcome 6 Severity of dependence (Addiction Severity Index).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.6

Comparison 1 Any antipsychotic versus placebo, Outcome 6 Severity of dependence (Addiction Severity Index).

Comparison 1 Any antipsychotic versus placebo, Outcome 7 Severity of dependence (Clinical Global Impression Scale).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.7

Comparison 1 Any antipsychotic versus placebo, Outcome 7 Severity of dependence (Clinical Global Impression Scale).

Comparison 1 Any antipsychotic versus placebo, Outcome 8 Use of cocaine during the treatment (self‐reported as g/week).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.8

Comparison 1 Any antipsychotic versus placebo, Outcome 8 Use of cocaine during the treatment (self‐reported as g/week).

Comparison 1 Any antipsychotic versus placebo, Outcome 9 Depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.9

Comparison 1 Any antipsychotic versus placebo, Outcome 9 Depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale).

Comparison 2 Risperidone versus placebo, Outcome 1 Dropouts.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.1

Comparison 2 Risperidone versus placebo, Outcome 1 Dropouts.

Comparison 2 Risperidone versus placebo, Outcome 2 Severity of dependence (Addiction Severity Index).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.2

Comparison 2 Risperidone versus placebo, Outcome 2 Severity of dependence (Addiction Severity Index).

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 1 Dropouts.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.1

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 1 Dropouts.

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 2 Side effects.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.2

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 2 Side effects.

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 3 Use of cocaine during the treatment (self‐reported as days/week).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.3

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 3 Use of cocaine during the treatment (self‐reported as days/week).

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 4 Use of cocaine during the treatment (self‐reported as days/past 30 days).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.4

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 4 Use of cocaine during the treatment (self‐reported as days/past 30 days).

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 5 Continuous abstinence (participants who maintained negative drug screens throughout the treatment period ).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.5

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 5 Continuous abstinence (participants who maintained negative drug screens throughout the treatment period ).

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 6 Craving (Brief Substance Craving Scale).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.6

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 6 Craving (Brief Substance Craving Scale).

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 7 Severity of dependence (Addiction Severity Index).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.7

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 7 Severity of dependence (Addiction Severity Index).

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 8 Severity of dependence (Clinical Global Impression Scale).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.8

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 8 Severity of dependence (Clinical Global Impression Scale).

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 9 Amount of of cocaine use during the treatment (self‐reported as dollars spent/past 30 days).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.9

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 9 Amount of of cocaine use during the treatment (self‐reported as dollars spent/past 30 days).

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 10 Depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.10

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 10 Depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale).

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 11 Anxiety (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.11

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 11 Anxiety (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale).

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 12 Withdrawal symptoms (Cocaine Selective Severity Assessment).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.12

Comparison 3 Olanzapine versus placebo, Outcome 12 Withdrawal symptoms (Cocaine Selective Severity Assessment).

Comparison 4 Quetiapine versus placebo, Outcome 1 Dropouts.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 4.1

Comparison 4 Quetiapine versus placebo, Outcome 1 Dropouts.

Comparison 4 Quetiapine versus placebo, Outcome 2 Side effects.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 4.2

Comparison 4 Quetiapine versus placebo, Outcome 2 Side effects.

Comparison 4 Quetiapine versus placebo, Outcome 3 Use of cocaine during the treatment (self‐reported as days/week).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 4.3

Comparison 4 Quetiapine versus placebo, Outcome 3 Use of cocaine during the treatment (self‐reported as days/week).

Comparison 4 Quetiapine versus placebo, Outcome 4 Craving (Brief Substance Craving Scale).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 4.4

Comparison 4 Quetiapine versus placebo, Outcome 4 Craving (Brief Substance Craving Scale).

Comparison 4 Quetiapine versus placebo, Outcome 5 Amount of of cocaine use during the treatment (self‐reported as g/week).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 4.5

Comparison 4 Quetiapine versus placebo, Outcome 5 Amount of of cocaine use during the treatment (self‐reported as g/week).

Comparison 4 Quetiapine versus placebo, Outcome 6 Amount of of cocaine use during the treatment (self‐reported as dollars spent/week).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 4.6

Comparison 4 Quetiapine versus placebo, Outcome 6 Amount of of cocaine use during the treatment (self‐reported as dollars spent/week).

Comparison 4 Quetiapine versus placebo, Outcome 7 Depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 4.7

Comparison 4 Quetiapine versus placebo, Outcome 7 Depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale).

Comparison 4 Quetiapine versus placebo, Outcome 8 Depression (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 4.8

Comparison 4 Quetiapine versus placebo, Outcome 8 Depression (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology).

Comparison 4 Quetiapine versus placebo, Outcome 9 Manic and hypomanic symptoms (Young Mania Rating Scale).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 4.9

Comparison 4 Quetiapine versus placebo, Outcome 9 Manic and hypomanic symptoms (Young Mania Rating Scale).

Comparison 5 Lamotrigine versus placebo, Outcome 1 Side effects.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 5.1

Comparison 5 Lamotrigine versus placebo, Outcome 1 Side effects.

Comparison 6 Reserpine versus placebo, Outcome 1 Dropouts.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 6.1

Comparison 6 Reserpine versus placebo, Outcome 1 Dropouts.

Comparison 6 Reserpine versus placebo, Outcome 2 Craving (Brief Substance Craving Scale).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 6.2

Comparison 6 Reserpine versus placebo, Outcome 2 Craving (Brief Substance Craving Scale).

Comparison 6 Reserpine versus placebo, Outcome 3 Severity of dependence (Addiction Severity Index).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 6.3

Comparison 6 Reserpine versus placebo, Outcome 3 Severity of dependence (Addiction Severity Index).

Comparison 6 Reserpine versus placebo, Outcome 4 Severity of dependence (Clinical Global Impression Scale).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 6.4

Comparison 6 Reserpine versus placebo, Outcome 4 Severity of dependence (Clinical Global Impression Scale).

Comparison 6 Reserpine versus placebo, Outcome 5 Depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 6.5

Comparison 6 Reserpine versus placebo, Outcome 5 Depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale).

Comparison 7 Olanzapine versus haloperidol, Outcome 1 Dropouts.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 7.1

Comparison 7 Olanzapine versus haloperidol, Outcome 1 Dropouts.

Comparison 7 Olanzapine versus haloperidol, Outcome 2 Psychopathology (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 7.2

Comparison 7 Olanzapine versus haloperidol, Outcome 2 Psychopathology (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale).

Comparison 7 Olanzapine versus haloperidol, Outcome 3 Craving (Voris Cocaine Craving Questionnaire‐Intensity subscale).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 7.3

Comparison 7 Olanzapine versus haloperidol, Outcome 3 Craving (Voris Cocaine Craving Questionnaire‐Intensity subscale).

Comparison 8 Olanzapine versus risperidone, Outcome 1 Dropouts.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 8.1

Comparison 8 Olanzapine versus risperidone, Outcome 1 Dropouts.

Comparison 8 Olanzapine versus risperidone, Outcome 2 Depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 8.2

Comparison 8 Olanzapine versus risperidone, Outcome 2 Depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale).

Comparison 9 Aripiprazol versus ropinirol, Outcome 1 Dropouts.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 9.1

Comparison 9 Aripiprazol versus ropinirol, Outcome 1 Dropouts.

Comparison 9 Aripiprazol versus ropinirol, Outcome 2 Side effects.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 9.2

Comparison 9 Aripiprazol versus ropinirol, Outcome 2 Side effects.

Comparison 9 Aripiprazol versus ropinirol, Outcome 3 Craving (VAS Scale).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 9.3

Comparison 9 Aripiprazol versus ropinirol, Outcome 3 Craving (VAS Scale).

Comparison 9 Aripiprazol versus ropinirol, Outcome 4 Severity of dependence (Clinical Global Impression Scale).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 9.4

Comparison 9 Aripiprazol versus ropinirol, Outcome 4 Severity of dependence (Clinical Global Impression Scale).

Comparison 9 Aripiprazol versus ropinirol, Outcome 5 Amount of of cocaine use during the treatment (self‐reported as g/week).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 9.5

Comparison 9 Aripiprazol versus ropinirol, Outcome 5 Amount of of cocaine use during the treatment (self‐reported as g/week).

Summary of findings for the main comparison. Any antipsychotic versus placebo for cocaine dependence (Update)

Any antipsychotic versus placebo for cocaine dependence

Patient or population: people with cocaine dependence
Settings: outpatients or inpatients
Intervention: Any antipsychotic versus placebo

Outcomes

Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI)

Relative effect
(95% CI)

No of Participants
(studies)

Quality of the evidence
(GRADE)

Comments

Assumed risk

Corresponding risk

Control

Any antipsychotic versus placebo

Dropouts
Number of participants who dropped out from the study
Follow‐up: mean 12 weeks

Study population

RR 0.75
(0.57 to 0.97)

397
(8 studies)

⊕⊕⊕⊝
moderate1

547 per 1000

411 per 1000
(312 to 531)

Moderate

500 per 1000

375 per 1000
(285 to 485)

Side effects
Number of participants with at least i side effect
Follow‐up: mean 12 weeks

Study population

RR 1.01
(0.93 to 1.10)

291
(6 studies)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
low2

497 per 1000

502 per 1000
(462 to 546)

Moderate

465 per 1000

470 per 1000
(432 to 512)

Number of participants using cocaine during the treatment (as days/week by urine tests or self report)
Number of participants that reported the use of cocaine during the treatment
Follow‐up: mean 10 weeks

Study population

RR 1.02
(0.65 to 1.62)

91
(2 studies)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
low3,4

478 per 1000

488 per 1000
(311 to 775)

Moderate

596 per 1000

608 per 1000
(387 to 966)

Continuous abstinence (number of participants who maintained negative drug screens for 2 ‐ 3 weeks)
Number of participants that maintained negative cocaine screens for at least 2 ‐ 3 weeks
Follow‐up: mean 12 weeks

Study population

RR 1.30
(0.73 to 2.32)

139
(3 studies)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
low1,5

197 per 1000

256 per 1000
(144 to 457)

Moderate

129 per 1000

168 per 1000
(94 to 299)

Craving (Brief Substance Craving Scale)
Brief Substance Craving Scale. Scale from: 0 to 4.
Follow‐up: mean 11 weeks

The mean craving (brief substance craving scale) in the control groups was
2.39 score

The mean craving (Brief Substance Craving Scale) in the intervention groups was
0.13 higher
(1.08 lower to 1.35 higher)

240
(4 studies)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
low6,7

*The basis for the assumed risk (e.g. the median control group risk across studies) is provided in footnotes. The corresponding risk (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI).
CI: Confidence interval; RR: Risk ratio;

GRADE Working Group grades of evidence
High quality: Further research is very unlikely to change our confidence in the estimate of effect.
Moderate quality: Further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and may change the estimate.
Low quality: Further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and is likely to change the estimate.
Very low quality: We are very uncertain about the estimate.

1All the studies were at unclear risk of selection bias.
2One study was at high risk of selection bias, and the others at unclear risk. One study was at high risk of performance, detection bias and attrition bias, three at unclear risk.
3All the studies were at unclear risk of selection bias; one study was at unclear risk of performance and detection bias.
4Only two studies with 91 participants.
5Only three studies with 139 participants.
6All the studies were at unclear risk of selection, performance and attrition bias. One study was at high risk of attrition bias.
7High heterogeneity (I²: 85%).

Figuras y tablas -
Summary of findings for the main comparison. Any antipsychotic versus placebo for cocaine dependence (Update)
Comparison 1. Any antipsychotic versus placebo

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Dropouts Show forest plot

8

397

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.75 [0.57, 0.97]

2 Side effects Show forest plot

6

291

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

1.01 [0.93, 1.10]

3 Number of participants using cocaine during the treatment (as days/week by urine tests or self report) Show forest plot

2

91

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

1.02 [0.65, 1.62]

4 Continuous abstinence (number of participants who maintained negative drug screens for 2 ‐ 3 weeks) Show forest plot

3

139

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

1.30 [0.73, 2.32]

5 Craving (Brief Substance Craving Scale) Show forest plot

4

240

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

0.13 [‐1.08, 1.35]

6 Severity of dependence (Addiction Severity Index) Show forest plot

4

211

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

0.01 [‐0.01, 0.04]

7 Severity of dependence (Clinical Global Impression Scale) Show forest plot

3

180

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

0.01 [‐0.38, 0.39]

8 Use of cocaine during the treatment (self‐reported as g/week) Show forest plot

2

72

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

‐0.54 [‐0.92, ‐0.16]

9 Depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) Show forest plot

4

192

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

‐0.82 [‐3.19, 1.55]

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 1. Any antipsychotic versus placebo
Comparison 2. Risperidone versus placebo

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Dropouts Show forest plot

4

176

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.81 [0.63, 1.04]

2 Severity of dependence (Addiction Severity Index) Show forest plot

1

31

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

0.03 [‐0.04, 0.10]

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 2. Risperidone versus placebo
Comparison 3. Olanzapine versus placebo

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Dropouts Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

2 Side effects Show forest plot

2

79

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

1.01 [0.92, 1.11]

3 Use of cocaine during the treatment (self‐reported as days/week) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

4 Use of cocaine during the treatment (self‐reported as days/past 30 days) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

5 Continuous abstinence (participants who maintained negative drug screens throughout the treatment period ) Show forest plot

2

79

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

1.37 [0.71, 2.61]

6 Craving (Brief Substance Craving Scale) Show forest plot

2

61

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

1.33 [‐0.91, 3.58]

7 Severity of dependence (Addiction Severity Index) Show forest plot

2

61

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

0.03 [‐0.01, 0.07]

8 Severity of dependence (Clinical Global Impression Scale) Show forest plot

2

61

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

0.17 [‐0.51, 0.85]

9 Amount of of cocaine use during the treatment (self‐reported as dollars spent/past 30 days) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

10 Depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) Show forest plot

2

61

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

1.34 [‐3.84, 6.52]

11 Anxiety (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale) Show forest plot

2

61

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

1.37 [‐3.02, 5.75]

12 Withdrawal symptoms (Cocaine Selective Severity Assessment) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 3. Olanzapine versus placebo
Comparison 4. Quetiapine versus placebo

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Dropouts Show forest plot

2

72

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.64 [0.20, 2.03]

2 Side effects Show forest plot

2

72

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.99 [0.77, 1.27]

3 Use of cocaine during the treatment (self‐reported as days/week) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

4 Craving (Brief Substance Craving Scale) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

5 Amount of of cocaine use during the treatment (self‐reported as g/week) Show forest plot

2

72

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

‐0.54 [‐0.92, ‐0.16]

6 Amount of of cocaine use during the treatment (self‐reported as dollars spent/week) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

7 Depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) Show forest plot

1

12

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

‐3.67 [‐6.19, ‐1.15]

8 Depression (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology) Show forest plot

1

12

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

‐1.27 [‐9.61, 7.07]

9 Manic and hypomanic symptoms (Young Mania Rating Scale) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 4. Quetiapine versus placebo
Comparison 5. Lamotrigine versus placebo

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Side effects Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 5. Lamotrigine versus placebo
Comparison 6. Reserpine versus placebo

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Dropouts Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

2 Craving (Brief Substance Craving Scale) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

3 Severity of dependence (Addiction Severity Index) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

4 Severity of dependence (Clinical Global Impression Scale) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

5 Depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 6. Reserpine versus placebo
Comparison 7. Olanzapine versus haloperidol

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Dropouts Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

2 Psychopathology (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

3 Craving (Voris Cocaine Craving Questionnaire‐Intensity subscale) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 7. Olanzapine versus haloperidol
Comparison 8. Olanzapine versus risperidone

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Dropouts Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

2 Depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 8. Olanzapine versus risperidone
Comparison 9. Aripiprazol versus ropinirol

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Dropouts Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

2 Side effects Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

3 Craving (VAS Scale) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

4 Severity of dependence (Clinical Global Impression Scale) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

5 Amount of of cocaine use during the treatment (self‐reported as g/week) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 9. Aripiprazol versus ropinirol