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Methodological quality summary: review authors' judgements about each methodological quality item for each included study.
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Figure 1

Methodological quality summary: review authors' judgements about each methodological quality item for each included study.

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Methodological quality graph: review authors' judgements about each methodological quality item presented as percentages across all included studies.
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Figure 2

Methodological quality graph: review authors' judgements about each methodological quality item presented as percentages across all included studies.

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Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 1 Mental state 1a: Mental Health Inventory Total ‐ Endpoint score: high score good.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 1 Mental state 1a: Mental Health Inventory Total ‐ Endpoint score: high score good.

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Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 2 Mental State 1b: Mental Health Inventory Depression ‐ Endpoint: high score good.
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Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 2 Mental State 1b: Mental Health Inventory Depression ‐ Endpoint: high score good.

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Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 3 Mental state 1c: Mental Health Inventory Positive Affect ‐ Endpoint: high score good.
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Analysis 1.3

Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 3 Mental state 1c: Mental Health Inventory Positive Affect ‐ Endpoint: high score good.

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Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 4 Mental state 1d: Mental Health Inventory Behavioural ‐ Endpoint: high score good.
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Analysis 1.4

Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 4 Mental state 1d: Mental Health Inventory Behavioural ‐ Endpoint: high score good.

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Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 5 Mental state 1e: Mental Health Inventory Anxiety ‐ Endpoint: high score good.
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Analysis 1.5

Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 5 Mental state 1e: Mental Health Inventory Anxiety ‐ Endpoint: high score good.

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Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 6 Mental state 2a: PANSS Negative ‐ Endpoint: low score good.
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Analysis 1.6

Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 6 Mental state 2a: PANSS Negative ‐ Endpoint: low score good.

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Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 7 Mental state 2b: PANSS Positive ‐ Endpoint: low score good.
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Analysis 1.7

Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 7 Mental state 2b: PANSS Positive ‐ Endpoint: low score good.

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Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 8 Physical fitness 1: Six minute walking test ‐ Endpoint: High score good.
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Analysis 1.8

Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 8 Physical fitness 1: Six minute walking test ‐ Endpoint: High score good.

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Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 9 Physical fitness 2: Maximal strength ‐ Endpoint: High score good.
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Analysis 1.9

Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 9 Physical fitness 2: Maximal strength ‐ Endpoint: High score good.

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Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 10 Physical Fitness 3: Cardiovascular measures 1: Blood pressure.
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Analysis 1.10

Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 10 Physical Fitness 3: Cardiovascular measures 1: Blood pressure.

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Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 11 Weight 1: BMI.
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Analysis 1.11

Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 11 Weight 1: BMI.

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Study

Exercise Group

Standard care Group

Beebe 2005

reduced body fat by 3.7%

reduced body fat by 0.02%

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Analysis 1.12

Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 12 Weight 2: Percentage body fat.

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Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 13 Weight 3: Waist and Hip Ratio.
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Analysis 1.13

Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 13 Weight 3: Waist and Hip Ratio.

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Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 14 Weight 4: Final Weight.
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Analysis 1.14

Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 14 Weight 4: Final Weight.

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Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 15 Leaving the study early.
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Analysis 1.15

Comparison 1 COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE, Outcome 15 Leaving the study early.

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Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 1 Mental state 1a: PANSS Total ‐ Endpoint: low score good.
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Analysis 2.1

Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 1 Mental state 1a: PANSS Total ‐ Endpoint: low score good.

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Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 2 Mental state 1b: PANSS Depression ‐ Endpoint: low score good.
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Analysis 2.2

Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 2 Mental state 1b: PANSS Depression ‐ Endpoint: low score good.

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Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 3 Mental state 1c: PANSS Anergia ‐ Endpoint: low score good.
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Analysis 2.3

Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 3 Mental state 1c: PANSS Anergia ‐ Endpoint: low score good.

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Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 4 Mental state 1d: PANSS Positive ‐ Endpoint: low score good.
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Analysis 2.4

Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 4 Mental state 1d: PANSS Positive ‐ Endpoint: low score good.

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Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 5 Mental state 1d: PANSS Negative ‐ Endpoint: low score good.
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Analysis 2.5

Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 5 Mental state 1d: PANSS Negative ‐ Endpoint: low score good.

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Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 6 General functioning 1: SOFS ‐ Endpoint: low score good.
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Analysis 2.6

Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 6 General functioning 1: SOFS ‐ Endpoint: low score good.

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Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 7 Adverse effects 1: SAS ‐ Endpoint: low score good.
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Analysis 2.7

Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 7 Adverse effects 1: SAS ‐ Endpoint: low score good.

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Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 8 Adverse effects 2: AIMS ‐ Endpoint: low score good.
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Analysis 2.8

Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 8 Adverse effects 2: AIMS ‐ Endpoint: low score good.

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Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 9 Quality of life 1a: WHOQOL‐100 Physical ‐ Endpoint: High score good.
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Analysis 2.9

Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 9 Quality of life 1a: WHOQOL‐100 Physical ‐ Endpoint: High score good.

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Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 10 Quality of life 1b: WHOQOL‐100 Psychological ‐ Endpoint: High score good.
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Analysis 2.10

Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 10 Quality of life 1b: WHOQOL‐100 Psychological ‐ Endpoint: High score good.

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Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 11 Quality of life 1c: WHOQOL‐100 Social ‐ Endpoint: High score good.
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Analysis 2.11

Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 11 Quality of life 1c: WHOQOL‐100 Social ‐ Endpoint: High score good.

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Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 12 Quality of life 1d: WHOQOL‐100 Environmental ‐ Endpoint: High score good.
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Analysis 2.12

Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 12 Quality of life 1d: WHOQOL‐100 Environmental ‐ Endpoint: High score good.

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Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 13 Leaving the study early.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.13

Comparison 2 COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT, Outcome 13 Leaving the study early.

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Comparison 1. COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Mental state 1a: Mental Health Inventory Total ‐ Endpoint score: high score good Show forest plot

1

10

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

7.40 [‐2.46, 17.26]

2 Mental State 1b: Mental Health Inventory Depression ‐ Endpoint: high score good Show forest plot

1

10

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

17.5 [6.70, 28.30]

3 Mental state 1c: Mental Health Inventory Positive Affect ‐ Endpoint: high score good Show forest plot

1

10

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

3.30 [‐23.66, 30.26]

4 Mental state 1d: Mental Health Inventory Behavioural ‐ Endpoint: high score good Show forest plot

1

10

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐5.40 [‐21.28, 10.48]

5 Mental state 1e: Mental Health Inventory Anxiety ‐ Endpoint: high score good Show forest plot

1

10

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

8.0 [0.80, 15.20]

6 Mental state 2a: PANSS Negative ‐ Endpoint: low score good Show forest plot

1

10

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐8.5 [‐11.11, ‐5.89]

7 Mental state 2b: PANSS Positive ‐ Endpoint: low score good Show forest plot

1

10

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐2.5 [‐4.73, ‐0.27]

8 Physical fitness 1: Six minute walking test ‐ Endpoint: High score good Show forest plot

1

13

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

79.50 [33.82, 125.18]

9 Physical fitness 2: Maximal strength ‐ Endpoint: High score good Show forest plot

1

13

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.0 [0.55, 3.45]

10 Physical Fitness 3: Cardiovascular measures 1: Blood pressure Show forest plot

1

13

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐1.0 [‐8.05, 6.05]

11 Weight 1: BMI Show forest plot

1

13

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐1.20 [‐2.92, 0.52]

12 Weight 2: Percentage body fat Show forest plot

Other data

No numeric data

13 Weight 3: Waist and Hip Ratio Show forest plot

1

13

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.01 [‐0.02, 0.04]

14 Weight 4: Final Weight Show forest plot

1

13

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.30 [‐3.64, 6.24]

15 Leaving the study early Show forest plot

2

25

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

5.0 [0.29, 86.43]
Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 1. COMPARISON 1: EXERCISE versus STANDARD CARE
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Comparison 2. COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Mental state 1a: PANSS Total ‐ Endpoint: low score good Show forest plot

1

41

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

14.95 [2.60, 27.30]

2 Mental state 1b: PANSS Depression ‐ Endpoint: low score good Show forest plot

1

41

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.89 [0.86, 4.92]

3 Mental state 1c: PANSS Anergia ‐ Endpoint: low score good Show forest plot

1

41

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.40 [0.47, 4.33]

4 Mental state 1d: PANSS Positive ‐ Endpoint: low score good Show forest plot

1

41

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.41 [‐1.20, 6.02]

5 Mental state 1d: PANSS Negative ‐ Endpoint: low score good Show forest plot

1

41

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

5.56 [1.69, 9.43]

6 General functioning 1: SOFS ‐ Endpoint: low score good Show forest plot

1

41

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

4.35 [‐1.18, 9.88]

7 Adverse effects 1: SAS ‐ Endpoint: low score good Show forest plot

1

41

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.5 [‐0.44, 1.44]

8 Adverse effects 2: AIMS ‐ Endpoint: low score good Show forest plot

1

41

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.20 [‐1.18, 1.58]

9 Quality of life 1a: WHOQOL‐100 Physical ‐ Endpoint: High score good Show forest plot

1

41

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐9.22 [‐18.86, 0.42]

10 Quality of life 1b: WHOQOL‐100 Psychological ‐ Endpoint: High score good Show forest plot

1

41

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐17.70 [‐28.90, ‐6.50]

11 Quality of life 1c: WHOQOL‐100 Social ‐ Endpoint: High score good Show forest plot

1

41

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐20.75 [‐34.08, ‐7.42]

12 Quality of life 1d: WHOQOL‐100 Environmental ‐ Endpoint: High score good Show forest plot

1

41

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐18.09 [‐28.52, ‐7.66]

13 Leaving the study early Show forest plot

1

61

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.94 [0.47, 1.88]
Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 2. COMPARISON 2: EXERCISE versus OTHER TREATMENT
Ir a la tabla de la revisión