2021 Jun 08

New citation required and conclusions have changed

The changes to the conclusions reflected our re‐evaluation of the certainty of the evidence in the light of new evidence.

Three new authors were added to the byline.

2021 Jun 08

New search has been performed

In this update, published in 2022, the following changes were made.

1. The subject specific context was updated, particularly in the Background and Discussion sections, and enhanced with additional insights relating to the cost burden of these fractures.

2. We added clarifications relating to our inclusion criteria, notably in relation to the explicit exclusion of pharmacological and biological interventions.

3. The full search was updated to September 2020.

4. We included 16 new trials (1247 participants): Biermann 2020; Carbone 2017; DelPhi 2020; Gracitelli 2016; Helfen 2020; Hengg 2019; HURA 2020; Jonsson 2020; Launonen 2019a; Lopiz 2019; Plath 2019; Ring 2019; Sohn 2017; Tousignant 2020; Zhang 2019; Ziegler 2019. These gave rise to seven new comparisons and augmented the evidence for five existing comparisons.

3. We explicitly specified the summary of findings table outcome measures in Methods and revised the two previous tables in the light of these revisions and new evidence. We also reframed the evidence in terms of certainty, rather than quality, and adjusted the GRADE ratings, especially in relation to imprecision, according to revised guidance. We prepared two further summary of findings tables based on an assessment of the importance of the comparisons and data availability.

6. We added a brief economic commentary relating to the surgical versus not‐surgical treatment comparison.

7. We added in citations to previous versions of the review and protocols. Several of these are no longer published but are available on request (https://bjmt.cochrane.org/).

2015 Oct 30

New citation required and conclusions have changed

1. Changed conclusions for the surgical versus non‐surgical intervention comparison.
2. Conclusions changed to accommodate findings of the new comparisons.
3. Change in authorship.

2015 Oct 30

New search has been performed

In this update, published in Issue 11, 2015, the following changes were made:
1. The full search was updated to November 2014.
2. Overall, 32 new studies were identified. Of these, eight were included, 12 were excluded, eight were placed in ongoing trials and four await classification. Two further reports were identified for two already included trials. Upon identification of a trial registration document and published protocol, one study previously awaiting classification was moved to ongoing. Published protocols were found for two ongoing trials; and additional information from updated trial registration documentation added in for seven ongoing trials. Additional information for one ongoing trial resulted in its transfer from ongoing to studies awaiting classification.
3. Quality of the evidence was assessed using GRADE; two 'Summary of findings' tables added and the Discussion revised and updated.
4. Changes made to the conclusions.

2012 Oct 22

New search has been performed

In this update, published in Issue 12, 2012, the following changes were made:
1. The full search was updated to January 2012, with other searches extended to June 2012.
2. Eighteen new studies were identified. Of these, seven were included, four were excluded, five were placed in ongoing studies and two await assessment. A new report was available for one already included trial, and contact with a trialist resulted in the exclusion of one study that had been previously listed as ongoing. In the absence of further information after attempts at contact, consideration of one former ongoing study and two studies formerly in 'Studies awaiting assessment' led to their exclusion.
3. Discussion revised and updated.
4. Changes made to the conclusions.

2012 Oct 22

New citation required and conclusions have changed

1. Conclusions changed to accommodate findings of the new comparisons.
2. Change in authorship.

2010 Nov 01

New citation required and conclusions have changed

1. Conclusions changed to accommodate findings of the new comparisons.
2. Change in authorship.

2010 Nov 01

New search has been performed

In this update, published in Issue 12, 2010, the following changes occurred:
1. The full search was updated to March 2010; with other searches extended to August 2010.
2. Sixteen new studies were identified, of which one was included, four were excluded, 10 were placed in ongoing trials and one awaits assessment. New reports or information resulted in the inclusion of three more trials and the exclusion of two studies that had been identified previously.
3. Review methods and formatting were updated.
4. Background and Discussion revised and updated.
5. Changes made to the conclusions.

2008 Aug 05

Amended

Converted to new review format.

2007 Sep 28

New search has been performed

The fourth update (Issue 2, 2007) included the following:
1. Trial search extended from May 2003 to September 2006.
2. Identification of six new studies: one of which was placed in 'Ongoing studies', one was excluded and the other four are in 'Studies awaiting assessment', pending further information or publication.
3. Various adjustments were made to text, tables and presentation of the analyses to conform to revised methodology and the Cochrane Style Guide: the 'Synopsis' was amended to a 'Plain language summary'; the 'Abstract' was shortened; the 'Objectives' were reworded; methodological quality scores of individual criteria are no longer summed; all totals were removed from the Analyses (Forest plots) and the number of Analyses were reduced by presenting similar outcome measures (e.g. complications) together from the same trial.
There was no change to the conclusions of the review.

Please see 'Notes' for details of previous updates