Induced hypertension for preventing complications of delayed cerebral ischaemia in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage
Appendices
Appendix 1. MEDLINE search strategy
1. Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/
2. intracranial hemorrhages/ or cerebral hemorrhage/
3. Intracranial Aneurysm/
4. Rupture, Spontaneous/
5. 3 and 4
6. Aneurysm, Ruptured/
7. exp brain/ or exp meninges/
8. 6 and 7
9. ((subarachnoid or arachnoid) adj6 (haemorrhage$ or hemorrhage$ or bleed$ or blood$)).tw.
10. SAH.tw.
11. 1 or 2 or 5 or 8 or 9 or 10
12. Vasospasm, Intracranial/
13. ((cerebral or brain or intracranial or cerebrovascular) adj6 (vasospasm or spasm)).tw.
14. Ischemic Attack, Transient/ or brain ischemia/
15. (delay$ adj5 neurol$ adj5 deficit$).tw.
16. (DND or DIND).tw.
17. (delay$ adj5 (ischemi$ or ischaemi$)).tw.
18. or/12‐17
19. 11 or 18
20. hypertension/ci or intracranial hypertension/ or blood pressure/ or arterial pressure/
21. (triple H or triple‐H or HHH or hyperdynamic).tw.
22. ((increase$ or raise$) adj5 (blood or plasma or fluid) adj5 volume).tw.
23. ((increase$ or raise$ or maintain$) adj5 blood pressure).tw.
24. ((reduce$ or decreas$ or lower$) adj5 blood viscosity).tw.
25. (hypervolemi$ or hypervolaemi$ or (induc$ adj5 hypertension) or hypertensive or hemodilut$ or haemodilut$).tw.
26. blood volume/ or plasma volume/ or blood viscosity/
27. hemodilution/ or fluid therapy/
28. blood substitutes/ or plasma exchange/ or exp plasma substitutes/
29. hetastarch/ or dextrans/ or poly geline/ or povidone/ or exp albumins/ or sodium chloride/ or saline solution, hypertonic/ or expcolloids/
30. (hemodilut$ or haemodilut$).tw.
31. (plasma adj3 (expand$ or expansion or exchange$ or substitut$ or replace$)).tw.
32. (blood adj3 (expand$ or expansion or exchange$ or substitute$ or replace$ or remov$ or dilut$)).tw.
33. (hetastarch or pentastarch or hydroxyethy lstarch or hydroxyethyl‐starch or dextran$ or polygeline or povidone or albumin or salineor colloid$).tw.
34. VIH.tw.
35. or/20‐34
36. exp vasoconstrictor agents/ or calcium channel agonists/
37. vasopressins/ or arginine vasopressin/
38. ((vasoconstrict$ adj3 (agent$ or agonist$)) or vasopress$).tw.
39. (calcium channel adj3 (agonist$ or activat$)).tw.
40. exp angiotensins/
41. (angiotensin or arginine vasopressin or dihydroergotamine or ephedrine or epinephrine or ergotamine or etilefrine or felypressin or lypressin or mephentermine or metaraminol or methoxamine or methysergide or midodrine or nordefrin or norepinephrine or octopamine or ornipressin or phenylephrine or racepinephrine or sumatriptan or synephrine or vasopressins or vasotocin).tw.
42. exp Dopamine Agents/
43. (dopamin$ adj3 agonist$).tw.
44. (alnespirone or apomorphine or brexpiprazole or bromocriptine or cabergoline or cy 208‐243 or dihydrexidine or dihydroergocornine or dihydroergocryptine or dihydroergotamine or dihydroergotoxine or dironyl or docarpamine or dopexamine or ergocryptine or fananserin or fenoldopam or ibopamine or lisuride or mesulergine or metergoline or "n 0437" or naxagolide or ncq 298 or pd 158771 or pergolide or piribedil or pramipexole or preclamol or quinagolide or quinelorane or quinpirole or ropinirole or stepholidine or talipexole).tw.
45. exp Adrenergic Agonists/
46. exp Sympathomimetics/
47. sympathomimet$.tw.
48. (adrenerg$ adj3 agonist$).tw.
49. (albuterol or clenbuterol or clonidine or dexmedetomidine or dobutamine or epinephrine or ergotamine or etilefrine or fenoterol or formoterol fumarate or guanabenz or guanfacine or hexoprenaline or isoetharine or isoproterenol or isoxsuprine or medetomidine or mephentermine or metaproterenol or metaraminol or methoxamine or methyldopa or midodrine or naphazoline or nebivolol or norepinephrine or nylidrin or octopamine or oxyfedrine or oxymetazoline or phenylephrine or phenylpropanolamine or prenalterol or procaterol or racepinephrine or ritodrine or salmeterol xinafoate or synephrine or terbutaline or tretoquinol or xamoterol or xylazine).tw.
50. or/36‐49
51. 35 or 50
52. Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/
53. Random Allocation/
54. Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic/
55. control groups/
56. clinical trials as topic/ or clinical trials, phase i as topic/ or clinical trials, phase ii as topic/ or clinical trials, phase iii as topic/ or clinical trials, phase iv as topic/
57. double‐blind method/
58. single‐blind method/
59. Placebos/
60. placebo effect/
61. cross‐over studies/
62. randomized controlled trial.pt.
63. controlled clinical trial.pt.
64. (clinical trial or clinical trial phase i or clinical trial phase ii or clinical trial phase iii or clinical trial phase iv).pt.
65. (random$ or RCT or RCTs).tw.
66. (controlled adj5 (trial$ or stud$)).tw.
67. (clinical$ adj5 trial$).tw.
68. ((control or treatment or experiment$ or intervention) adj5 (group$ or subject$ or patient$)).tw.
69. (quasi‐random$ or quasi random$ or pseudo‐random$ or pseudo random$).tw.
70. ((control or experiment$ or conservative) adj5 (treatment or therapy or procedure or manage$)).tw.
71. ((singl$ or doubl$ or tripl$ or trebl$) adj5 (blind$ or mask$)).tw.
72. (cross‐over or cross over or crossover).tw.
73. (placebo$ or sham).tw.
74. trial.ti.
75. (assign$ or allocat$).tw.
76. controls.tw.
77. or/52‐76
78. 19 and 51 and 77
| Induced hypertension versus no induced hypertension in people with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) | ||||||
| Participants: people with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage documented by CT scan, who underwent treatment of the aneurysm (either surgical clipping or intraluminal coiling) and entered the trial within 2 weeks after the SAH Setting: hospital Intervention: induced hypertension Comparison: without induced hypertension | ||||||
| Outcomes | Absolute risk | Comparative risk (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | Number of participants (studies) | Quality of the evidence (GRADE) | Comments |
| Unfavourable outcome1 (90 days) | ||||||
| Death (any cause) at 90 days; in the intensive care unit; in hospital | ||||||
| Unfavourable outcome1 (6 months) | ||||||
| Incidence of DCI and vasospasm‐related complications within 3 weeks of the SAH | ||||||
| Cerebral infarction2 | ||||||
| Re‐bleeding3 | ||||||
| Complications of intervention4 | ||||||
| Physiological outcome measures5 | ||||||
| Abbreviations: CT scan: computed tomography scan; MRI scan: magnetic resonance imaging scan; SAH: subarachnoid haemorrhage; DCI: delayed cerebral ischaemia; CI: confidence interval; RR: risk ratio; GRADE: Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation; MAP: mean arterial blood pressure. 1Unfavourable outcome: death, persistent vegetative state, or severe disability (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 4 to 6, Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) 4 to 6 or equivalent) at 90 days after SAH. | ||||||
