Appendix 1. CENTRAL search strategy

#1 MeSH descriptor: [Cataract] explode all trees
#2 MeSH descriptor: [Cataract Extraction] explode all trees
#3 MeSH descriptor: [Pseudophakia] explode all trees
#4 pha?oemulsif* or (pha?o next/1 emulsif*) or Capsulorhexis or Capsulorrhexis
#5 phakectom* or lensectom*
#6 Pseudophak*
#7 (extract* or aspirat* or operat* or remov* or surg* or excis* or implant*) near/4 (cataract*)
#8 (extract* or aspirat* or operat* or remov* or surg* or excis*) near/4 (lens*)
#9 {or #1‐#8}
#10 MeSH descriptor: [Lens Implantation, Intraocular] explode all trees
#11 MeSH descriptor: [Lenses, Intraocular] explode all trees
#12 MeSH descriptor: [Pseudophakia] explode all trees
#13 Pseudophak*
#14 (artificial* or implant* or acrylic) near/4 (lens*)
#15 artificial near/2 device*
#16 (intra*ocular or intra ocular) near/3 lens*
#17 (phakic near/3 lens*)
#18 IOL*
#19 {or #10‐#18}
#20 multifocal* or (multi next/1 focal*) or bifocal* or (bi next/1 focal*)
#21 trifocal* or (tri next/1 focal*)
#22 diffractive* or refractive*
#23 toric* or finevision or "AT LISA tri 839MP" or "AT.LISA tri 839 MP" or "MIOL‐Record" or MFIOL or "AcrySof IQ PanOptix"
#24 {or #20‐#23}
#25 #9 and #19 and #24

Appendix 2. MEDLINE Ovid search strategy

1. Randomized Controlled Trial.pt.
2. Controlled Clinical Trial.pt.
3. (randomized or randomised).ab,ti.
4. placebo.ab,ti.
5. drug therapy.fs.
6. randomly.ab,ti.
7. trial.ab,ti.
8. groups.ab,ti.
9. 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8
10. exp animals/ not humans.sh.
11. 9 not 10
12. exp Cataract Extraction/
13. exp Cataract/
14. exp Pseudophakia/
15. (pha?oemulsif* or (pha?o adj1 emulsif*) or Capsulorhexis or Capsulorrhexis).tw.
16. (phakectom* or lensectom*).tw.
17. Pseudophak*.tw.
18. ((extract* or aspirat* or operat* or remov* or surg* or excis* or implant*) adj4 cataract*).tw.
19. ((extract* or aspirat* or operat* or remov* or surg* or excis*) adj4 lens*).tw.
20. or/12‐19
21. exp Lens Implantation, Intraocular/
22. Lenses, Intraocular/
23. exp Pseudophakia/
24. Pseudophak*.tw.
25. ((artificial* or implant* or acrylic) adj4 lens*).tw.
26. (artificial adj2 device*).tw.
27. ((intra*ocular or "intra ocular") adj3 lens*).tw.
28. (phakic adj3 lens*).tw.
29. IOL*.tw.
30. or/21‐29
31. (multifocal* or (multi adj1 focal*) or bifocal* or (bi adj1 focal*)).tw.
32. (trifocal* or (tri adj1 focal*)).tw.
33. (diffractive* or refractive*).tw.
34. (toric* or finevision or "AT LISA tri 839MP" or "AT.LISA tri 839 MP" or "MIOL‐Record" or MFIOL or "AcrySof IQ PanOptix").tw.
35. or/31‐34
36. 20 and 30 and 35
37. 11 and 36

The search filter for trials at the beginning of the MEDLINE strategy is from the published paper by Glanville 2006.

Appendix 3. Embase.com search strategy

#1 'randomized controlled trial'/exp
#2 'randomization'/exp
#3 'double blind procedure'/exp
#4 'single blind procedure'/exp
#5 random*:ab,ti
#6 #1 OR #2 OR #3 OR #4 OR #5
#7 'animal'/exp OR 'animal experiment'/exp
#8 'human'/exp
#9 #7 AND #8
#10 #7 NOT #9
#11 #6 NOT #10
#12 'clinical trial'/exp
#13 (clin* NEAR/3 trial*):ab,ti
#14 ((singl* OR doubl* OR trebl* OR tripl*) NEAR/3 (blind* OR mask*)):ab,ti
#15 'placebo'/exp
#16 placebo*:ab,ti
#17 random*:ab,ti
#18 'experimental design'/exp
#19 'crossover procedure'/exp
#20 'control group'/exp
#21 'latin square design'/exp
#22 #12 OR #13 OR #14 OR #15 OR #16 OR #17 OR #18 OR #19 OR #20 OR #21
#23 #22 NOT #10
#24 #23 NOT #11
#25 'comparative study'/exp
#26 'evaluation'/exp
#27 'prospective study'/exp
#28 control*:ab,ti OR prospectiv*:ab,ti OR volunteer*:ab,ti
#29 #25 OR #26 OR #27 OR #28
#30 #29 NOT #10
#31 #30 NOT (#11 OR #23)
#32 #11 OR #24 OR #31
#33 'cataract'/exp
#34 'cataract extraction'/exp
#35 'pseudophakia'/exp
#36 pha*oemulsif*:ab,ti OR (pha*o NEXT/1 emulsif*):ab,ti OR capsulorhexis:ab,ti OR capsulorrhexis:ab,ti
#37 phakectom*:ab,ti OR lensectom*:ab,ti
#38 pseudophak*:ab,ti
#39 ((extract* OR aspirat* OR operat* OR remov* OR surg* OR excis* OR implant*) NEAR/4 cataract*):ab,ti
#40 ((extract* OR aspirat* OR operat* OR remov* OR surg* OR excis*) NEAR/4 lens*):ab,ti
#41 #33 OR #34 OR #35 OR #36 OR #37 OR #38 OR #39 OR #40
#42 'lens implantation'/exp
#43 'lens implant'/exp
#44 'pseudophakia'/exp
#45 pseudophak*:ab,ti
#46 ((artificial* OR implant* OR acrylic) NEAR/4 lens*):ab,ti
#47 (artificial NEAR/2 device*):ab,ti
#48 ((intra*ocular OR 'intra ocular') NEAR/3 lens*):ab,ti
#49 (phakic NEAR/3 lens*):ab,ti
#50 iol*:ab,ti
#51 #42 OR #43 OR #44 OR #45 OR #46 OR #47 OR #48 OR #49 OR #50
#52 multifocal*:ab,ti OR (multi NEXT/1 focal*):ab,ti OR bifocal*:ab,ti OR (bi NEXT/1 focal*):ab,ti
#53 trifocal*:ab,ti OR (tri NEXT/1 focal*):ab,ti
#54 diffractive*:ab,ti OR refractive*:ab,ti
#55 toric*:ab,ti OR finevision:ab,ti OR 'at lisa tri 839mp':ab,ti OR 'at.lisa tri 839 mp':ab,ti OR 'miol‐record':ab,ti OR mfiol:ab,ti OR 'acrysof iq panoptix':ab,ti
#56 #52 OR #53 OR #54 OR #55
#57 #41 AND #51 AND #56
#58 #32 AND #57

Appendix 4. PubMed search strategy

#1 ((randomized controlled trial[pt]) OR (controlled clinical trial[pt]) OR (randomised[tiab] OR randomized[tiab]) OR (placebo[tiab]) OR (drug therapy[sh]) OR (randomly[tiab]) OR (trial[tiab]) OR (groups[tiab])) NOT (animals[mh] NOT humans[mh])
#2 phacoemulsif*[tw] OR phakoemulsif*[tw] OR phaco emulsif*[tw] OR phako emulsif*[tw] OR Capsulorhexis[tw] OR Capsulorrhexis[tw]
#3 phakectom*[tw] OR lensectom*[tw]
#4 Pseudophak*[tw]
#5 (extract*[tw] OR aspirat*[tw] OR operat*[tw] OR remov*[tw] OR surg*[tw] OR excis*[tw] OR implant*[tw]) AND (cataract*[tw])
#6 (extract*[tw] OR aspirat*[tw] OR operat*[tw] OR remov*[tw] OR surg*[tw] OR excis*[tw]) AND (lens*[tw])
#7 #2 OR #3 OR #4 OR #5 OR #6
#8 Pseudophak*[tw]
#9 (artificial*[tw] OR implant*[tw] OR acrylic[tw]) AND (lens*[tw])
#10 artificial[tw] AND device*[tw]
#11 (intraocular[tw] or intra ocular[tw]) AND lens*[tw]
#12 (phakic[tw] AND lens*[tw])
#13 IOL*[tw]
#14 #8 OR #9 OR #10 OR #11 OR #12 OR #13
#15 multifocal*[tw] OR multi focal*[tw] OR bifocal*[tw] OR bi focal*[tw]
#16 trifocal*[tw] OR tri focal*[tw]
#17 diffractive*[tw] OR refractive*[tw]
#18 toric*[tw] OR finevision[tw] OR "AT LISA tri 839MP"[tw] OR "AT.LISA tri 839 MP"[tw] OR "MIOL‐Record"[tw] OR MFIOL[tw] OR "AcrySof IQ PanOptix"[tw]
#19 #15 OR #16 OR #17 OR #18
#20 #7 AND #14 AND #19
#21 #1 AND #20
#22 Medline[sb]
#23 #21 NOT #22

Appendix 5. LILACS search strategy

(MH:C11.510.245$ OR MH:E04.540.825.249$ OR MH:C23.888.681$ OR phacoemulsif$ OR phakoemulsif$ OR phaco$ OR phako$ OR Capsulorhexis or Capsulorrhexis OR phakectom$ OR lensectom$ OR Pseudophak$ OR cataract$) AND (MH:E04.540.825.600$ OR MH:E07.632.500.460$ OR MH:E07.695.460$ OR MH:VS2.006.001.009.003$ OR MH:C23.888.681$ OR Pseudophak$ OR IOL$ OR ((artificial$ OR implant$ OR acrylic OR intraocular OR "intra ocular" OR phakic) AND lens$) OR "artificial device" OR "artificial devices") AND (multifocal$ OR "multi focal" OR "multi focals" OR bifocal$ OR "bi focal" OR "bi focals" OR trifocal$ OR "tri focal" OR "tri focals" OR diffractive$ OR refractive$ OR toric$ OR finevision OR "AT LISA tri 839MP" OR "AT.LISA tri 839 MP" OR "MIOL‐Record" OR MFIOL OR "AcrySof IQ PanOptix")

Appendix 6. ClinicalTrials.gov search strategy

(cataract OR phacoemulsification OR pseudophakia) AND (trifocal OR bifocal OR multifocal OR diffractive OR refractive OR toric OR finevision OR "AT LISA tri 839MP" OR "AT.LISA tri 839 MP" OR "MIOL‐Record" OR MFIOL OR "AcrySof IQ PanOptix")

Appendix 7. WHO ICTRP search strategy

Cataract AND trifocal OR cataract AND bifocal OR cataract AND multifocal OR cataract AND diffractive OR cataract AND refractive OR phacoemulsification AND trifocal OR phacoemulsification AND bifocal OR phacoemulsification AND multifocal OR phacoemulsification AND diffractive OR phacoemulsification AND refractive OR pseudophakia AND trifocal OR pseudophakia AND bifocal OR pseudophakia AND multifocal OR pseudophakia AND diffractive OR pseudophakia AND refractive OR Cataract AND toric OR cataract AND finevision OR cataract AND "AT LISA tri 839MP" OR cataract AND "AT.LISA tri 839 MP" OR cataract AND "MIOL‐Record" OR cataract AND MFIOL OR cataract AND "AcrySof IQ PanOptix" OR phacoemulsification AND toric OR phacoemulsification AND finevision OR phacoemulsification AND "AT LISA tri 839MP" OR phacoemulsification AND "AT.LISA tri 839 MP" OR phacoemulsification AND "MIOL‐Record" OR phacoemulsification AND MFIOL OR phacoemulsification AND "AcrySof IQ PanOptix" OR pseudophakia AND toric OR pseudophakia AND finevision OR pseudophakia AND "AT LISA tri 839MP" OR pseudophakia AND "AT.LISA tri 839 MP" OR pseudophakia AND "MIOL‐Record" OR pseudophakia AND MFIOL OR pseudophakia AND "AcrySof IQ PanOptix"