Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation
Información
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD010216.pub8Copiar DOI
- Base de datos:
-
- Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
- Versión publicada:
-
- 08 enero 2024see what's new
- Tipo:
-
- Intervention
- Etapa:
-
- Review
- Grupo Editorial Cochrane:
-
Grupo Cochrane de Tabaquismo
- Copyright:
-
- Copyright © 2023 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cifras del artículo
Altmetric:
Citado por:
Autores
Contributions of authors
All authors contributed to the writing of this review.
For this update, JHB, NL, ARB, CN, and AT screened studies or extracted data, or both.
JHB and NL entered data for analysis.
JLB ran the monthly searches.
Sources of support
Internal sources
-
Queen Mary University of London, UK
Provides salary, office space and library resources for HM and PH
-
The University of Auckland, New Zealand
Provides salary, office space and library resources for CB
-
University of Oxford, UK
Support from Returning Carers' Fund
-
University of Oxford, UK
Public Policy Challenge Fund
External sources
-
NIHR, UK
Infrastructure award for Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group and Cochrane Incentive Award
-
Cancer Research UK, UK
Cancer Research UK project award funding to support living systematic review
Declarations of interest
RB holds a National Institiute for Health Research (NIHR) grant, but this did not directly fund this current work. RB is also supported by Cancer Research UK. She is principal investigator of an ongoing study listed in this review.
CB was principal investigator on the ASCEND e‐cigarette trial reported in the Cochrane Review and a co‐investigator on the ASCEND II trial and several other studies included in the review. CB reports research grants from the Health Research Council of NZ, the Heart Foundation of NZ and the NZ Ministry of Health (Monitoring the Illicit Tobacco Trade in NZ), the NZ Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (estimating the numbers of tobacco and vaping retailers in NZ) and Auckland Council (Evaluation of the Smokefree Auckland Project). CB reports research grants from: Wellcome Trust UK, REFLECT Cool roofing trial; Health Research Council of NZ, Cess@tion trial, FASD studies; The University of Auckland Transdisciplinary Ideation Fund for The Collective website; Putahi Manawa Centre for Research Excellence in Heart Health Integrated Research Module grant; US NIH (via Wake Forest University): CENIC study; Education NZ Smoking cessation in China; Marsden Fund (NZ): Respiratory effects of vaping. He has recently led a project funded by Pfizer (NZ) on chronic disease management. CB is President of the Society for Research on Nicotine & Tobacco; Member of the Expert Working Group on Tobacco, Health Coalition Aotearoa; Member of the Scientific Advisory Committee of the Cancer Society of NZ; Member of the Scientific Advisory Committee of the RESPIRE research programme, University of Edinburgh; Member of the CREATE Tobacco Endgame Centre of Research Excellence, Australia. CB has carried out independent contractor consultancy for Johnson and Johnson in 2020 on NRT and to Kervue Inc. regarding setting up an ASEAN regional smoking cessation networking board.
ARB's work on this review has been supported by Cancer Research UK Project Award funding. This is not deemed a conflict of interest.
PH was principal investigator on three of the trials included in this review two funded by NIHR and one by CRUK and co‐investigator on other relevant studies.
JHB has received support for this work from the Cochrane Review Support Programme and the University of Oxford's Returning Carer's Fund. JHB been an applicant and pricipal investigator on project grants to carry out research in the area of tobacco control from National Institute for Health Research and Cancer Research UK. None of these are deemed conflicts of interest.
NL has received payment for lectures on systematic review methodology (Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust), and has been an applicant and pricipal investigator on project funding to carry out research in the area of tobacco control from the NIHR Evidence Synthesis programme, Cancer Research UK (charity), Clarion Futures (charity), Oxfordshire County Council and the NIHR Oxfordshire and Thames Valley ARC, and Greater Manchester NHS Integrated Care. None of this is deemed a conflict of interest.
JLB was employed by the University of Oxford to work as a Managing Editor and Information Specialist for the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Review Group before becoming an author on this review. During this time, he was involved in the editorial processing of the review. He is now an Editor for Cochrane. Since becoming an author, he has not been involved in the editorial process for this review. Core infrastructure funding for the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group was provided by the NIHR to the University of Oxford.
HM is an employee of Te Whatu Ora‐Health New Zealand. HM holds fellowships with New Zealand College of Public Health Medicine (NZCPHM represents public health medicine specialists); and the Society of Lifestyle Medicine. HM is a Professor in Public Health Interventions, University of New South Wales, National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre and provide mentorship and advice for the Tobacco Research Group. He is currently a named investigator on three smoking cessation trials that are all funded by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). HM is a named investigator of a smoking cessation trial at Queen Mary University of London, funded by the National Institute of Health Research. HM is a named investigator of a study that examines an approach to prevent e‐cigarette use among adolescents at University of Sydney, funded by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). HM is a co‐investigator on a number of studies included in this review. HM is a board Member, Rotorua Community Youth Centre Trust.
CN has received an honorarium from Vox Media for filming a 'nicotine explainer' on the role of nicotine in addiction. This is not deemed a conflict of interest. CN is a member of the advisory council for 'Action on Smoking and Health (ASH)'. CN is co‐PI on an ongoing trial (protocol) Cessation of Smoking Trial in the Emergency Department (CoSTED) ‐ National Institute for Health Research ‐ Health Technology Assessment. NIHR129438.
TM is funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Complex Reviews Support Unit (CRSU) and supported by the NIHR Applied Research Collaboration East Midlands (ARC EM) and Leicester Biomedical Research Centre (BRC). The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care.
NAR has received royalties from UpToDate, Inc. for chapters on electronic cigarettes and occasional fees from academic hospitals or professional medical societies for lectures on smoking cessation that include discussion of electronic cigarettes. NAR was a member of the committee that produced the 2018 National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine's Consensus Study Report on the Public Health Benefits of E‐cigarettes. She was unpaid for this work. NAR is employed by Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH). Outside the topic of e‐cigarettes, NAR is a consultant for Achieve LifeSciences, which is developing an investigational smoking cessation medication for FDA approval (cytisine) and her institution (MGH) receives a grant from the company as a site for a clinical trial testing the safety and efficacy of cytisine. NAR holds grants from NIH for research work.
AT's work on this review has been supported by the Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences at the University of Oxford. This is not deemed a conflict of interest
TT has no known conflicts of interest.
Acknowledgements
This update was funded through a Cancer Research UK Prevention and Population Research Committe Project grant (PRCPJT‐Nov22/100012). The three previous updates (November 2022, April 2021, and October 2020) were supported through a Tobacco Advisory Group Cancer Research UK Project Grant. The 2020 update was also supported by the Cochrane Incentives Award Scheme and the University of Oxford Returning Carer's Fund, as well as through core infrastructure funding from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) for the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Review Group. The views and opinions expressed therein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Systematic Reviews Programme, NIHR, National Health Service (NHS) or the Department of Health.
We thank Professor Alex Sutton and Professor Nicola Cooper for providing advice on the network meta‐analysis for the 2023 update.
We would like to thank Assistant Professor Stephen R. Baldassarri, Drs Pasquale Caponnetto, Fabio Cibella and Professor Riccardo Polosa, Professor Matthew Carpenter, Bruce R. Lindgren and Professor Dorothy Hatsukami, Assistant Professor Tracy Smith, Assistant Professor Susan Veldheer, Lauren Hickling, Stephanie K. Bell, Associate Professor Coral Gartner, Professor Billie Bonevski, Karolien Adriaens, Dr Sharon Cox, Professor Lynne E. Dawkins, Professor Mark Eisenberg, Andrea Hebert‐Losier, Kris Filion, Dr Ignatios Ikonomidis, Dr Kim Pulvers, Florian Scheibein, Dr Markos Klonizakis, Dr Scott Sherman, Dr Kylie Morphett, Dr Ivan Berlin, Marzena Orzol, Dr Katie Myers Smith, Christine Czoli, Dr Caroline Cobb, Dr Jonathan Foulds, Professor Thomas Brandon, Dr Eleanor Leavens, Dr Michael Arnold, Dr Paul Bateman, Dr Konstantinos Katogiannis, Dr Christopher Russell, Dr Francesca Pesola, Professor Christian Delles, Dr Danièle Kerr, Cassidy White, Professor Megan Piper, Dr Milly N. Kanobe, Mahathi Vojjala MPH and Dr Theodore Wagener for providing additional data or information.
Editorial and peer‐reviewer contributions – 2023 update
The following people conducted the editorial process for this article:
• Sign‐off Editor (final editorial decision): Zarko Alfirevic, University of Liverpool;
• Managing Editor (selected peer reviewers, provided editorial guidance to authors, edited the article): Liz Bickerdike, Cochrane Central Editorial Service;
• Editorial Assistant (conducted editorial policy checks, collated peer‐reviewer comments and supported editorial team): Leticia Rodrigues, Cochrane Central Editorial Service;
• Copy Editor (copy editing and production): Anne Lethaby, Cochrane Central Publication Service;
• Peer‐reviewers (provided comments and recommended an editorial decision): Nuala Livingstone, Cochrane Evidence Production and Methods Directorate (methods), and Lynne Dawkins, Professor of Nicotine and Tobacco Studies, London South Bank University (clinical). One of additional peer reviewers provided clinical peer review but chose not to be publicly acknowledged.
Version history
| Published | Title | Stage | Authors | Version |
| 2024 Jan 08 | Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation | Review | Nicola Lindson, Ailsa R Butler, Hayden McRobbie, Chris Bullen, Peter Hajek, Rachna Begh, Annika Theodoulou, Caitlin Notley, Nancy A Rigotti, Tari Turner, Jonathan Livingstone-Banks, Tom Morris, Jamie Hartmann-Boyce | |
| 2022 Nov 17 | Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation | Review | Jamie Hartmann-Boyce, Nicola Lindson, Ailsa R Butler, Hayden McRobbie, Chris Bullen, Rachna Begh, Annika Theodoulou, Caitlin Notley, Nancy A Rigotti, Tari Turner, Thomas R Fanshawe, Peter Hajek | |
| 2021 Sep 14 | Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation | Review | Jamie Hartmann-Boyce, Hayden McRobbie, Ailsa R Butler, Nicola Lindson, Chris Bullen, Rachna Begh, Annika Theodoulou, Caitlin Notley, Nancy A Rigotti, Tari Turner, Thomas R Fanshawe, Peter Hajek | |
| 2021 Apr 29 | Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation | Review | Jamie Hartmann-Boyce, Hayden McRobbie, Ailsa R Butler, Nicola Lindson, Chris Bullen, Rachna Begh, Annika Theodoulou, Caitlin Notley, Nancy A Rigotti, Tari Turner, Thomas R Fanshawe, Peter Hajek | |
| 2020 Oct 14 | Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation | Review | Jamie Hartmann-Boyce, Hayden McRobbie, Nicola Lindson, Chris Bullen, Rachna Begh, Annika Theodoulou, Caitlin Notley, Nancy A Rigotti, Tari Turner, Ailsa R Butler, Thomas R Fanshawe, Peter Hajek | |
| 2016 Sep 13 | Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation | Review | Jamie Hartmann‐Boyce, Hayden McRobbie, Chris Bullen, Rachna Begh, Lindsay F Stead, Peter Hajek | |
| 2014 Dec 17 | Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation and reduction | Review | Hayden McRobbie, Chris Bullen, Jamie Hartmann‐Boyce, Peter Hajek | |
| 2012 Nov 14 | Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation and reduction | Protocol | Hayden McRobbie, Chris Bullen, Peter Hajek | |
Differences between protocol and review
For this update, we added a new outcome ‐ association between withdrawal and cessation measured at 6 months or longer ‐ and three new network meta‐analyses. These were prespecified in a published protocol that can be found at the following link: https://osf.io/gznsr.
The protocol did not specify a minimum follow‐up period for data on adverse events. As of the 2016 update, we have changed the Methods section to clarify that we will exclude follow‐up data at less than a week.
The original version of this review included reduction as a secondary outcome. The 2016 update removed reduction as an outcome, to bring the review into line with other reviews of cessation treatments produced by the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group and to prevent substantial overlap with the update of the Group's review of interventions for harm reduction.
As prespecified in the 2016 update, in the 2020 update, we excluded non‐intervention studies. In the 2020 update, we also added in an appendix with a protocol setting out our plans to convert this review into a living systematic review in the future.
As specified in an amendment in June 2021, we now include a new secondary outcome: number of people still using study product (EC or pharmacotherapy) at longest follow‐up (6+ months).
For the next update of this review, we will change over from fixed to random effects meta‐analyses in accordance with evolving guidance in this space.
