Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for muscle weakness in adults with advanced disease

Scolaris Content Display Scolaris Content Display

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Figure 1

Review flow diagram.

Figure 2

'Risk of bias' graph: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies.

Figure 3

'Risk of bias' summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study.

Figure 4

Forest plot of quadriceps muscle strength for NMES versus control.

Figure 5

Forest plot of exercise performance for NMES versus control.

Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 NMES versus control, Outcome 1 Quadriceps muscle strength.

Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 NMES versus control, Outcome 2 Exercise performance.

Comparison 1. NMES versus control

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Quadriceps muscle strength Show forest plot	8	195	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.90 [0.33, 1.46]

2 Exercise performance Show forest plot	7		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only

2.1 6MWT	4	125	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	40.05 [‐4.14, 84.24]
2.2 ISWT	1	18	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	68.8 [18.54, 119.06]
2.3 ESWT	2	36	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	160.22 [33.73, 286.70]

Comparison 1. NMES versus control