Multisystemic Therapy for social, emotional, and behavioral problems in youth aged 10‐17

Julia H Littell; Margo Campbell; Stacy Green; Barbara Toews

doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004797.pub4

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Figure 1

Fig. 1: Searches.

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Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 Out‐of‐home placement, Outcome 1 Incarceration.

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Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 Out‐of‐home placement, Outcome 2 Days incarcerated.

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Analysis 1.3

Comparison 1 Out‐of‐home placement, Outcome 3 Hospitalization.

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Analysis 2.1

Comparison 2 Arrest or conviction, Outcome 1 Arrest or conviction.

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Analysis 2.2

Comparison 2 Arrest or conviction, Outcome 2 Number of arrests or convictions.

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Analysis 3.1

Comparison 3 Substance use, Outcome 1 Positive screen for marijuana at 6 month follow‐up.

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Analysis 3.2

Comparison 3 Substance use, Outcome 2 Positive screen for cocaine at 6 month follow‐up.

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Analysis 3.3

Comparison 3 Substance use, Outcome 3 Self‐reported alcohol/marijuana use at 6 month follow‐up.

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Analysis 3.4

Comparison 3 Substance use, Outcome 4 Self‐reported drug use other than alcohol/marijuana at 6 month follow‐up.

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Analysis 4.1

Comparison 4 Self‐reported delinquency, Outcome 1 Self‐reported delinquency.

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Analysis 5.1

Comparison 5 Peer relations, Outcome 1 Peer relations: MPRI bonding.

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Analysis 5.2

Comparison 5 Peer relations, Outcome 2 Peer relations: MPRI aggression.

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Analysis 5.3

Comparison 5 Peer relations, Outcome 3 Peer relations: MPRI maturity.

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Analysis 5.4

Comparison 5 Peer relations, Outcome 4 Social competence.

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Analysis 7.1

Comparison 7 Youth behaviour and symptoms, Outcome 1 Behaviour problems (RBPC scores).

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Analysis 7.2

Comparison 7 Youth behaviour and symptoms, Outcome 2 Youth psychiatric symptoms.

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Analysis 7.3

Comparison 7 Youth behaviour and symptoms, Outcome 3 Internalising behaviour.

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Analysis 7.4

Comparison 7 Youth behaviour and symptoms, Outcome 4 Externalising behaviour.

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Analysis 8.1

Comparison 8 Parent behavior and symptoms, Outcome 1 Parent psychiatric symptoms.

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Analysis 9.1

Comparison 9 Family functioning, Outcome 1 FACES Cohesion.

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Analysis 9.2

Comparison 9 Family functioning, Outcome 2 FACES Adaptability.

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Comparison 1. Out‐of‐home placement

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Incarceration Show forest plot	4	766	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.61 [0.27, 1.39]

1.1 ITT	1	409	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.06 [0.70, 1.61]
1.2 ITT unstandard period	1	155	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.59 [0.31, 1.12]
1.3 unyoked studies	1	118	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.34 [0.61, 2.96]
1.4 "ITT" with exclusions	1	84	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.12 [0.05, 0.33]
2 Days incarcerated Show forest plot	3	648	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.31 [‐0.72, 0.10]

2.1 ITT	1	409	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.02 [‐0.17, 0.22]
2.2 ITT unstandard period	1	155	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.44 [‐0.76, ‐0.12]
2.4 "ITT" with exclusions	1	84	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.62 [‐1.06, ‐0.18]
3 Hospitalization Show forest plot	1		Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Totals not selected

3.3 unyoked studies	1		Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

Comparison 1. Out‐of‐home placement

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Comparison 2. Arrest or conviction

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Arrest or conviction Show forest plot	5	803	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.39 [0.14, 1.05]

1.1 ITT	1	409	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.22 [0.83, 1.81]
1.2 ITT variable obs	1	16	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.05 [0.00, 0.66]
1.3 unyoked studies	1	118	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.61 [0.30, 1.28]
1.4 "ITT" with exclusions	2	260	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.25 [0.08, 0.78]
2 Number of arrests or convictions Show forest plot	5	782	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.16 [‐0.40, 0.08]

2.1 ITT	1	409	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.09 [‐0.10, 0.29]
2.2 ITT variable obs	2	171	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.31 [‐0.91, 0.29]
2.3 unyoked	1	118	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.20 [‐0.56, 0.16]
2.4 "ITT" with exclusions	1	84	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.45 [‐0.88, ‐0.01]

Comparison 2. Arrest or conviction

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Comparison 3. Substance use

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Positive screen for marijuana at 6 month follow‐up Show forest plot	1		Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Totals not selected

2 Positive screen for cocaine at 6 month follow‐up Show forest plot	1		Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Totals not selected

3 Self‐reported alcohol/marijuana use at 6 month follow‐up Show forest plot	1		Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	Totals not selected

4 Self‐reported drug use other than alcohol/marijuana at 6 month follow‐up Show forest plot	1		Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Totals not selected

Comparison 3. Substance use

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Comparison 4. Self‐reported delinquency

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Self‐reported delinquency Show forest plot	3	304	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.21 [‐0.50, 0.08]

1.5 TOT	3	304	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.21 [‐0.50, 0.08]

Comparison 4. Self‐reported delinquency

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Comparison 5. Peer relations

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Peer relations: MPRI bonding Show forest plot	3	322	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.06 [‐0.28, 0.16]

1.5 TOT	3	322	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.06 [‐0.28, 0.16]
2 Peer relations: MPRI aggression Show forest plot	3	322	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.18 [‐0.40, 0.04]

2.5 TOT	3	322	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.18 [‐0.40, 0.04]
3 Peer relations: MPRI maturity Show forest plot	3	322	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.05 [‐0.27, 0.17]

3.5 TOT	3	322	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.05 [‐0.27, 0.17]
4 Social competence Show forest plot	3	265	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.07 [‐0.32, 0.17]

4.3 unyoked studies	1	113	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.05 [‐0.41, 0.32]
4.5 TOT	2	152	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.09 [‐0.42, 0.24]

Comparison 5. Peer relations

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Comparison 7. Youth behaviour and symptoms

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Behaviour problems (RBPC scores) Show forest plot	3	322	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.50 [‐1.42, 0.42]

1.5 TOT	3	322	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.50 [‐1.42, 0.42]
2 Youth psychiatric symptoms Show forest plot	3	379	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.24 [‐0.51, 0.02]

2.5 TOT	3	379	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.24 [‐0.51, 0.02]
3 Internalising behaviour Show forest plot	2	209	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.09 [‐0.39, 0.21]

3.3 unyoked studies	1	113	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.05 [‐0.32, 0.42]
3.5 TOT	1	96	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.26 [‐0.67, 0.16]
4 Externalising behaviour Show forest plot	2	209	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.18 [‐0.46, 0.09]

4.3 unyoked studies	1	113	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.15 [‐0.52, 0.22]
4.5 TOT	1	96	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.23 [‐0.65, 0.19]

Comparison 7. Youth behaviour and symptoms

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Comparison 8. Parent behavior and symptoms

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Parent psychiatric symptoms Show forest plot	4	435	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.05 [‐0.30, 0.20]

1.1 TOT	4	435	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.05 [‐0.30, 0.20]

Comparison 8. Parent behavior and symptoms

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Comparison 9. Family functioning

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 FACES Cohesion Show forest plot	5	531	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.08 [‐0.12, 0.28]

1.3 unyoked studies	1	113	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.14 [‐0.51, 0.23]
1.5 TOT	4	418	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.14 [‐0.07, 0.35]
2 FACES Adaptability Show forest plot	5	531	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.01 [‐0.27, 0.24]

2.3 unyoked studies	1	113	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.11 [‐0.48, 0.26]
2.5 TOT	4	418	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.01 [‐0.32, 0.34]

Comparison 9. Family functioning

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