Hierbas medicinales chinas para el cáncer esofágico
Appendices
Appendix 1. CENTRAL search strategy
1. esophag$.mp.
2. oesophag$.mp.
3. 1 or 2
4. Neoplasms/
5. cancer$.mp.
6. exp Adenocarcinoma/
7. carcino$.mp.
8. exp Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/
9. or/4‐8
10. 3 and 9
11. exp Medicine, Chinese Traditional/
12. exp Drugs, Chinese Herbal/ or exp Plant Extracts/
13. exp Herbal Medicine/ or exp Plants, Medicinal/
14. exp Complementary Therapies/
15. alternative medicine.ab,ti.
16. artemisinin.mp. [mp=title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word]
17. milkvetch root.mp.
18. wolfberry fruit.mp. [mp=title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word]
19. yam rhizome.mp.
20. indian bread.mp. [mp=title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word]
21. hedyotis.mp. [mp=title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word]
22. or/11‐21
23. 10 and 22
Appendix 2. MEDLINE search strategy
1. randomized controlled trial.pt.
2. controlled clinical trial.pt.
3. randomized.ab.
4. placebo.ab.
5. drug therapy.fs.
6. randomly.ab.
7. trial.ab.
8. groups.ab.
9. or/1‐8
10. (animals not (humans and animals)).sh.
11. 9 not 10
12. esophag$.mp.
13. oesophag$.mp.
14. 12 or 13
15. Neoplasms/
16. cancer$.mp.
17. exp Adenocarcinoma/
18. carcino$.mp.
19. exp Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/
20. or/15‐19
21. 14 and 20
22. exp Medicine, Chinese Traditional/
23. exp Drugs, Chinese Herbal/ or exp Plant Extracts/
24. exp Herbal Medicine/ or exp Plants, Medicinal/
25. exp Complementary Therapies/
26. alternative medicine.ab,ti.
27. artemisinin.mp. [mp=title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word]
28. milkvetch root.mp.
29. wolfberry fruit.mp. [mp=title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word]
30. yam rhizome.mp.
31. indian bread.mp. [mp=title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word]
32. hedyotis.mp. [mp=title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word]
33. or/22‐32
34. 11 and 21 and 33
Appendix 3. EMBASE search strategy
1. (random$ or placebo$).ti,ab.
2. ((single$ or double$ or triple$ or treble$) and (blind$ or mask$)).ti,ab.
3. controlled clinical trial$.ti,ab.
4. RETRACTED ARTICLE/
5. or/1‐4
6. (animal$ not human$).sh,hw.
7. 5 not 6
8. esophag$.mp.
9. oesophag$.mp.
10. 8 or 9
11. Neoplasms/
12. cancer$.mp.
13. exp Adenocarcinoma/
14. carcino$.mp.
15. exp Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/
16. or/11‐15
17. 10 and 16
18. exp Medicine, Chinese Traditional/
19. exp Drugs, Chinese Herbal/ or exp Plant Extracts/
20. exp Herbal Medicine/ or exp Plants, Medicinal/
21. exp Complementary Therapies/
22. alternative medicine.ab,ti.
23. artemisinin.mp. [mp=title, abstract, subject headings, heading word, drug trade name, original title, device manufacturer, drug manufacturer name]
24. milkvetch root.mp.
25. wolfberry fruit.mp. [mp=title, abstract, subject headings, heading word, drug trade name, original title, device manufacturer, drug manufacturer name]
26. yam rhizome.mp.
27. indian bread.mp. [mp=title, abstract, subject headings, heading word, drug trade name, original title, device manufacturer, drug manufacturer name]
28. hedyotis.mp. [mp=title, abstract, subject headings, heading word, drug trade name, original title, device manufacturer, drug manufacturer name]
29. or/18‐28
30. 7 and 17 and 29
Appendix 4. AMED search strategy
1. esophag$.mp.
2. oesophag$.mp.
3. 1 or 2
4. Neoplasms/
5. cancer$.mp.
6. exp Adenocarcinoma/
7. carcino$.mp.
8. exp Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/
9. or/4‐8
10. 3 and 9
11. exp Medicine, Chinese Traditional/
12. exp Drugs, Chinese Herbal/ or exp Plant Extracts/
13. exp Herbal Medicine/ or exp Plants, Medicinal/
14. exp Complementary Therapies/
15. alternative medicine.ab,ti.
16. artemisinin.mp. [mp=title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word]
17. milkvetch root.mp.
18. wolfberry fruit.mp. [mp=title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word]
19. yam rhizome.mp.
20. indian bread.mp. [mp=title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word]
21. hedyotis.mp. [mp=title, original title, abstract, name of substance word, subject heading word]
22. or/11‐21
23. 10 and 22
Appendix 5. CNKI search strategy
CNKI, Chinese journals full‐text database, Chinese journals full‐text database_century journals, Chinese Doctoral degree thesis full‐text database, Chinese outstanding master degree thesis full‐text database
1. ti = 食道癌 and ti = 中药
2. ti = 食道癌 and ab = 中药
3. ti = 食道癌 and tx = 中药
4. ti = 食管癌 and ti = 中药
5. ti = 食管癌 and ab = 中药
6. ti = 食管癌 and tx = 中药
7. ti = 食道癌 and ti = 中草药
8. ti = 食道癌 and ab = 中草药
9. ti = 食道癌 and tx = 中草药
10. ti = 食管癌 and ti = 中草药
11. ti = 食管癌 and ab = 中草药
12. ti = 食管癌 and tx = 中草药
13. ti = 食道癌 and ti = 中医
14. ti = 食道癌 and ab = 中医
15. ti = 食道癌 and tx = 中医
16. ti = 食管癌 and ti = 中医
17. ti = 食管癌 and ab = 中医
18. ti = 食管癌 and tx = 中医
19. ti = 食道癌 and ti = 中医药
20. ti = 食道癌 and ab = 中医药
21. ti = 食道癌 and tx = 中医药
22. ti = 食管癌 and ti = 中医药
23. ti = 食管癌 and ab = 中医药
24. ti = 食管癌 and tx = 中医药
25. ti = 食道癌 and ti = 中西医结合
26. ti = 食道癌 and ab = 中西医结合
27. ti = 食道癌 and tx = 中西医结合
28. ti = 食管癌 and ti = 中西医结合
29. ti = 食管癌 and ab = 中西医结合
30. ti = 食管癌 and tx = 中西医结合
31. ti, ab = 食道肿瘤
32. ti, ab = 食管肿瘤 and ti = 中药
33. ti = 食管肿瘤 and ab = 中药
34. ti = 食管肿瘤 and tx = 中药
35. ti = 食管肿瘤 and ti = 中医
36. ti = 食管肿瘤 and ab = 中医
37. ti = 食管肿瘤 and tx = 中医
38. ti = 食管肿瘤 and ti = 中医药
39. ti = 食管肿瘤 and ab = 中医药
40. ti = 食管肿瘤 and tx = 中医药
41. ti = 食管肿瘤 and ti = 中草药
42. ti = 食管肿瘤 and ab = 中草药
43. ti = 食管肿瘤 and tx = 中草药
44. ti = 食管肿瘤 and ti = 中西医结合
45. ti = 食管肿瘤 and ab = 中西医结合
46. ti = 食管肿瘤 and tx = 中西医结合
Appendix 6. VIP search strategy
1. ti = 食道癌 and ti = 中药
2. ti = 食道癌 and ab = 中药
3. ti = 食道癌 and tx = 中药
4. ti = 食道癌 and ti = 中草药
5 ti = 食道癌 and ab = 中草药
6. ti = 食道癌 and tx = 中草药
7. ti = 食道癌 and ti = 中医
8. ti = 食道癌 and ab = 中医
9. ti = 食道癌 and tx = 中医
10. ti = 食道癌 and ti = 中医药
11. ti = 食道癌 and ab = 中医药
12. ti = 食道癌 and tx = 中医药
13. ti = 食管癌 and ti = 中药
14. ti = 食管癌 and ab = 中药
15. ti = 食管癌 and tx = 中药
16. ti = 食管癌 and ti = 中草药
17. ti = 食管癌 and ab = 中草药
18. ti = 食管癌 and tx = 中草药
19. ti = 食管癌 and ti = 中医
20. ti = 食管癌 and ab = 中医
21. ti = 食管癌 and tx = 中医
22. ti = 食管癌 and ti = 中医药
23. ti = 食管癌 and ab = 中医药
24. ti = 食管癌 and tx = 中医药
25. ti = 食道癌 and ti = 中西医结合
26. ti = 食道癌 and ab = 中西医结合
27. ti = 食道癌 and tx = 中西医结合
28. ti = 食管癌 and ti = 中西医结合
29. ti = 食管癌 and ab = 中西医结合
30. ti = 食管癌 and tx = 中西医结合
31. ti, ab = 食道肿瘤
32. ti, ab = 食管肿瘤 and ti = 中药
33. ti = 食管肿瘤 and ab = 中药
34. ti = 食管肿瘤 and tx = 中药
35. ti = 食管肿瘤 and ti = 中医
36. ti = 食管肿瘤 and ab = 中医
37. ti = 食管肿瘤 and tx = 中医
38. ti = 食管肿瘤 and ti = 中医药
39. ti = 食管肿瘤 and ab = 中医药
40. ti = 食管肿瘤 and tx = 中医药
41. ti = 食管肿瘤 and ti = 中草药
42. ti = 食管肿瘤 and ab = 中草药
43. ti = 食管肿瘤 and tx = 中草药
44. ti = 食管肿瘤 and ti = 中西医结合
45. ti = 食管肿瘤 and ab = 中西医结合
46. ti = 食管肿瘤 and tx = 中西医结合
Appendix 7. Wanfang search strategy
Wanfang Database, Chinese degree thesis database, Chinese meetings articles full‐text database
1. 食道癌 and ti: 中医
2. 食道癌 and ab: 中医
3. 食道癌 and tx: 中医
4. 食道癌 and ti: 中医药
5. 食道癌 and ab: 中医药
6. 食道癌 and tx: 中医药
7. 食道癌 and ti: 中草药
8. 食道癌 and ab: 中草药
9. 食道癌 and tx: 中草药
10. 食道癌 and ti: 中药
11. 食道癌 and ab: 中药
12. 食道癌 and tx: 中药
13. 食道癌 and ti: 中西医结合
14. 食道癌 and ab: 中西医结合
15. 食道癌 and tx: 中西医结合
16. 食管癌 and ti: 中医
17. 食管癌 and ab: 中医
18. 食管癌 and tx: 中医
19. 食管癌 and ti: 中医药
20. 食管癌 and ab: 中医药
21. 食管癌 and tx: 中医药
22. 食管癌 and ti: 中草药
23. 食管癌 and ab: 中草药
24. 食管癌 and tx: 中草药
25. 食管癌 and ti: 中药
26. 食管癌 and ab: 中药
27. 食管癌 and tx: 中药
28. 食管癌 and ti: 中西医结合
29. 食管癌 and ab: 中西医结合
30. 食管癌 and tx: 中西医结合
31. 食道肿瘤
32. 食管肿瘤 and ti: 中医
33. 食管肿瘤 and ab: 中医
34. 食管肿瘤 and tx: 中医
35. 食管肿瘤 and ti: 中医药
36. 食管肿瘤 and ab: 中医药
37. 食管肿瘤 and tx: 中医药
38. 食管肿瘤 and ti: 中草药
39. 食管肿瘤 and ab: 中草药
40. 食管肿瘤 and tx: 中草药
41. 食管肿瘤 and ti: 中药
42. 食管肿瘤 and ab: 中药
43. 食管肿瘤 and tx: 中药
44. 食管肿瘤 and ti: 中西医结合
45. 食管肿瘤 and ab: 中西医结合
46. 食管肿瘤 and tx: 中西医结合
Appendix 8. Search strategy for Chinese databases
1. oesophageal cancer ti, ab, tx
2. traditional Chinese medicine ti, ab, tx
3. traditional Chinese herbal medicine ti, ab, tx
4. 1 and (2 or 3)
(For detailed information and the search strategies used see Appendix 5; Appendix 6; Appendix 7)
Study flow diagram.
Flow diagram of telephone interviews.
Risk of bias graph: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies.
Risk of bias summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study.
Comparison 1 Cancer therapy alone versus cancer therapy plus TCM, Outcome 1 Quality of life.
Comparison 1 Cancer therapy alone versus cancer therapy plus TCM, Outcome 2 Quality of life.
Comparison 1 Cancer therapy alone versus cancer therapy plus TCM, Outcome 3 Short‐term therapeutic effects.
Comparison 1 Cancer therapy alone versus cancer therapy plus TCM, Outcome 4 TCM symptoms.
Comparison 1 Cancer therapy alone versus cancer therapy plus TCM, Outcome 5 Adverse events.
Comparison 1 Cancer therapy alone versus cancer therapy plus TCM, Outcome 6 Cancer bio‐markers.
Comparison 1 Cancer therapy alone versus cancer therapy plus TCM, Outcome 7 Weight.
| Active cancer therapy combined with TCM compared to active cancer therapy for oesophageal cancer | ||||||
| Patient or population: patients with oesophageal cancer | ||||||
| Outcomes | Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI) | Relative effect | No of Participants | Quality of the evidence | Comments | |
| Assumed risk | Corresponding risk | |||||
| Usual treatment | Usual treatment combined with TCM | |||||
| All‐cause mortality ‐ not reported | See comment | See comment | Not estimable | ‐ | See comment | Not investigated |
| Median survival times ‐ not reported | See comment | See comment | Not estimable | ‐ | See comment | Not investigated |
| Time to progression ‐ not reported | See comment | See comment | Not estimable | ‐ | See comment | Not investigated |
| Quality of life ‐ number experiencing improvement | Study population | RR 2.2 | 233 | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ | ||
| 190 per 1000 | 417 per 1000 | |||||
| Moderate | ||||||
| 177 per 1000 | 389 per 1000 | |||||
| Quality of life ‐ number experiencing deterioration | Study population | RR 0.41 | 287 | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ | ||
| 401 per 1000 | 165 per 1000 | |||||
| Moderate | ||||||
| 397 per 1000 | 163 per 1000 | |||||
| Quality of life ‐ Karnofsky performance status | See comment | See comment | Not estimable | 60 | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ | |
| Short‐term therapeutic effects ‐ improvement (complete response + partial response) | Study population | RR 1.17 | 450 | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ | ||
| 538 per 1000 | 630 per 1000 | |||||
| Moderate | ||||||
| 571 per 1000 | 668 per 1000 | |||||
| Short‐term therapeutic effects ‐ progressive disease | Study population | RR 0.73 | 450 | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ | ||
| 211 per 1000 | 154 per 1000 | |||||
| Moderate | ||||||
| 172 per 1000 | 126 per 1000 | |||||
| TCM symptoms ‐ total effectiveness | Study population | RR 1.84 | 88 | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ | ||
| 477 per 1000 | 878 per 1000 | |||||
| Moderate | ||||||
| 471 per 1000 | 867 per 1000 | |||||
| TCM symptoms ‐ ineffectiveness | Study population | RR 0.22 | 88 | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ | ||
| 523 per 1000 | 115 per 1000 | |||||
| Moderate | ||||||
| 529 per 1000 | 116 per 1000 | |||||
| *The basis for the assumed risk (e.g. the median control group risk across studies) is provided in footnotes. The corresponding risk (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). | ||||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence | ||||||
| 1 The studies were parallel‐group RCTs, but not blinded. The outcome may be affected by the subjective effect of the researcher, thereby resulting in very serious limitations. | ||||||
| Active cancer therapy combined with TCM compared to active cancer therapy for oesophageal cancer | ||||||
| Patient or population: oesophageal cancer | ||||||
| Outcomes | Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI) | Relative effect | No of Participants | Quality of the evidence | Comments | |
| Assumed risk | Corresponding risk | |||||
| Usual treatment | Usual treatment combined with TCM | |||||
| Adverse events ‐ mucositis | Study population | RR 0.92 | 50 | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ | ||
| 1000 per 1000 | 920 per 1000 | |||||
| Moderate | ||||||
| 1000 per 1000 | 920 per 1000 | |||||
| Adverse events ‐ radiation oesophagitis | Study population | RR 0.66 | 160 | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ | ||
| 550 per 1000 | 363 per 1000 | |||||
| Moderate | ||||||
| 546 per 1000 | 360 per 1000 | |||||
| Adverse events ‐ arrest of bone marrow | Study population | RR 0.28 | 90 | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ | ||
| 556 per 1000 | 156 per 1000 | |||||
| Moderate | ||||||
| 556 per 1000 | 156 per 1000 | |||||
| Adverse events ‐ gastrointestinal reactions | Study population | RR 0.54 | 268 | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ | ||
| 500 per 1000 | 270 per 1000 | |||||
| Moderate | ||||||
| 558 per 1000 | 301 per 1000 | |||||
| Adverse events ‐ renal and hepatic impairment ‐ Fuzheng Guben granules | Study population | RR 0.33 | 90 | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ | ||
| 333 per 1000 | 110 per 1000 | |||||
| Moderate | ||||||
| 333 per 1000 | 110 per 1000 | |||||
| Adverse events ‐ renal and hepatic impairment‐ Xiaoaiping | Study population | RR 0.90 | 60 | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ | ||
| 133 per 1000 | 120 per 1000 | |||||
| Moderate | ||||||
| 233 per 1000 | 210 per 1000 | |||||
| Adverse events ‐ white blood cell descent | Study population | RR 0.60 | 224 | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ | ||
| 486 per 1000 | 292 per 1000 | |||||
| Moderate | ||||||
| 446 per 1000 | 268 per 1000 | |||||
| Adverse events ‐ neurotoxicity | Study population | RR 0.73 | 60 | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ | ||
| 367 per 1000 | 268 per 1000 | |||||
| Moderate | ||||||
| 367 per 1000 | 268 per 1000 | |||||
| Adverse events ‐ cardiac toxicity | Study population | RR 0.80 | 60 | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ | ||
| 167 per 1000 | 133 per 1000 | |||||
| Moderate | ||||||
| 167 per 1000 | 134 per 1000 | |||||
| *The basis for the assumed risk (e.g. the median control group risk across studies) is provided in footnotes. The corresponding risk (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). | ||||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence | ||||||
| 1 The study was a parallel‐group RCT, but not blinded. The outcome may be affected by the subjective effect of the researcher, thereby resulting in very serious limitations. | ||||||
| Study ID | TCM | Pinyin name | Latin name | English name | Preparation |
| Fuzheng Guben granules | Huangqi Dangshen Shanzha Chenpi Nuzhenzi Buguzhi Baizhu Gouqizi Fuling Shenqu Maiya Jixueteng Yinchenhao Tusizi | Radix Astragali Radix Codonopsis Fructus Crataegi Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Fructus Ligustri Lucidi Fructus Psoraleae Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae Fructus Lycii Poria Massa Medicata Fermentata Fructus Hordei Germinatus Caulis Spatholobi Herba Artemisiae Scopariae Semen Cuscutae | Milkvetch Root Pilose Asiabell Root Hawthorn Fruit Tangerine Peel Glossy Privet Fruit Malaytea Scurfpea Fruit Largehead Atractylodes Rhizome Barbary Wolfberry Fruit Indian Buead Medicated Leaven Malt Suberect Spatholobus Virgate Wormwood Herb South Dodder Seed | Not described in detail Produced by Gansu Prorincial Wuwei Tumour Hospital | |
| Xihuang Pill | Niuhuang Ruxiang Moyao Shexiang | Calculus Bovis Olibanum Myrrha Moschus | Bezoar Frankincense Myrrh Musk | Frankincense and Myrrh were treated by vinegar‐processing method Produced by Beijing Tongrentang Pharmaceutical Factory | |
| Brucea Javanica oil emulsion | YadanzI | Fructus Bruceae | Java Brucea Fruit | Not described in detail | |
| Xiaoaiping injection | Wuguteng | Radix Fissistigmae Glaucescentis | Root of Glaucescent Fissistigma | Xiaoaiping injection was extracted from Glaucescent Fissistigma Produced by Nanjing Shenghe Pharmaceutical Co Ltd | |
| Kangai injection | Renshen Huangqi Kushen | Radix Ginseng Radix Astragali Radix Sophorae Flavescentis | Ginseng Milkvetch Root Lightyellow Sophora Root | Not described in detail | |
| Yiqiyangyin Huatanquyu decoction | Taizishen Nanshashen Beishashen Maidong Chenpi Banxia Ezhu Banzhilian Baihuasheshecao Zhigancao Jineijin Maiya Guya Baizhu Shanyao Tiandong Wuweizi Fuling Yiyiren Danggui | Radix Pseudostellariae Radix Adenophorae Radix Glehniae Radix Ophiopogonis Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Rhizoma Pinelliae Rhizoma Curcumae Herba Scutellariae Barbatae Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae Glycyrrhizae Endothelium Corneum Gigeriae Galli Fructus Hordei Germinatus Fructus Oryzae Germinatus Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephala Rhizoma Diosscoreae Radix Asparagi Fructus Schisandrae Poria Semen Coicis Radix Angelicae Sinensis | Heterophylly Falsestarwort Root Ladybell Root Coastal Glehnia Root Dwarf Lilyturf Tuber Tangerine Peel Pinellia Tuber Zedoary Barbed Skullcap Herb Spreading Hedyotis Herb Radix glycyrrhizae preparata Chicken's Gizzard‐membrane Malt Rice‐grain Sprout Largehead Atractylodes Rhizome Common Yam Rhizome Cochinchinese Asparagus Root Chinese Magnoliavine Fruit Indian Buead Coix Seed Chinese Angelic | Modification according to symptoms: Largehead Atractylodes Rhizome Common Yam Rhizome Cochinchinese Asparagus Root Chinese Magnoliavine Fruit Indian Buead, Coix Seed and Chinese Angelic Yiqiyangyin Huatanquyu decoction was prepared by researchers of hospital | |
| Zhisheng capsule | Shexiang Ezhu Bingpian Renshen Niuhuang Dongcongxiacao Xiyangshen | Moschus Rhizoma Curcumae Borneolum Radix Ginseng Calculus Bovis Cordyceps Radix Panacis Quinquefolii | Musk Zedoary Borneol Ginseng Bezoar Chinese Caterpillar Fungus American Ginseng | The composition of Zhisheng capsule contained 16 traditional Chinese medicines, only 7 of them were given Produced by the first affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine | |
| Aidi injection | Renshen, Ciwujia, Bianmao, Huangqi. | Radix Ginseng, Radix Acanthopanacis Senticosi, Mylabris, Radix Astragali. | Ginseng, Manyprickle Acanto‐Panax Root, Blister Beetle, Milkvetch Root. | Not described in detail |
| Outcome or subgroup title | No. of studies | No. of participants | Statistical method | Effect size |
| 1 Quality of life Show forest plot | 6 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 1.1 Number experiencing improvement | 5 | 233 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 2.20 [1.42, 3.39] |
| 1.2 Number experiencing deterioration | 6 | 287 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.41 [0.27, 0.62] |
| 2 Quality of life Show forest plot | 1 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | Totals not selected | |
| 2.1 Karnofsky performance status | 1 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] | |
| 3 Short‐term therapeutic effects Show forest plot | 8 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 3.1 Improvement | 8 | 450 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 1.17 [1.02, 1.35] |
| 3.2 Progressive disease | 8 | 450 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.73 [0.52, 1.01] |
| 4 TCM symptoms Show forest plot | 2 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 4.1 Total effectiveness | 2 | 88 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 1.84 [1.20, 2.81] |
| 4.2 Ineffectiveness | 2 | 88 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.22 [0.05, 0.93] |
| 5 Adverse events Show forest plot | 7 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 5.1 Mucositis | 1 | 50 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.92 [0.80, 1.06] |
| 5.2 Radiation oesophagitis | 2 | 160 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.66 [0.47, 0.94] |
| 5.3 Arrest of bone marrow | 1 | 90 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.28 [0.14, 0.58] |
| 5.4 Gastrointestinal reactions | 4 | 268 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.54 [0.36, 0.81] |
| 5.5 Renal and hepatic impairment‐Fuzheng Guben granules | 1 | 90 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.33 [0.13, 0.84] |
| 5.6 Renal and hepatic impairment‐Xiaoaiping | 1 | 60 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 2.5 [0.88, 7.10] |
| 5.7 White blood cell descent | 4 | 224 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.60 [0.44, 0.83] |
| 5.8 Neurotoxicity | 1 | 60 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.73 [0.34, 1.55] |
| 5.9 Cardiac toxicity | 1 | 60 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.8 [0.24, 2.69] |
| 5.10 Anaemia | 1 | 40 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 1.33 [0.57, 3.14] |
| 6 Cancer bio‐markers Show forest plot | 1 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | Totals not selected | |
| 6.1 Carcinoembryonic antigen | 1 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] | |
| 7 Weight Show forest plot | 1 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | Totals not selected | |
| 7.1 Increased | 1 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] | |
| 7.2 Decreased | 1 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] | |
