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Figuras y tablas -
Figure 1

Comparison 1 Azathioprine versus placebo, Outcome 1 Patients who had disability progression.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 Azathioprine versus placebo, Outcome 1 Patients who had disability progression.

Comparison 1 Azathioprine versus placebo, Outcome 2 Patients who had disability progression (worst).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 Azathioprine versus placebo, Outcome 2 Patients who had disability progression (worst).

Comparison 1 Azathioprine versus placebo, Outcome 3 Change in EDSS disability score.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.3

Comparison 1 Azathioprine versus placebo, Outcome 3 Change in EDSS disability score.

Comparison 1 Azathioprine versus placebo, Outcome 4 Patients with at least one relapse.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.4

Comparison 1 Azathioprine versus placebo, Outcome 4 Patients with at least one relapse.

Comparison 1 Azathioprine versus placebo, Outcome 5 Patients with at least one relapse (worst).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.5

Comparison 1 Azathioprine versus placebo, Outcome 5 Patients with at least one relapse (worst).

Comparison 1 Azathioprine versus placebo, Outcome 6 Mean number of relapses.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.6

Comparison 1 Azathioprine versus placebo, Outcome 6 Mean number of relapses.

Comparison 2 Azathioprine versus placebo, Outcome 1 Adverse effects.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.1

Comparison 2 Azathioprine versus placebo, Outcome 1 Adverse effects.

Comparison 1. Azathioprine versus placebo

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Patients who had disability progression Show forest plot

4

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

1.1 at 1 year

1

37

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.72 [0.34, 8.75]

1.2 at 18 months

1

135

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.93 [0.47, 1.85]

1.3 at 2 years

2

87

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.44 [0.18, 1.10]

1.4 at 3 years

2

87

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.34 [0.14, 0.81]

2 Patients who had disability progression (worst) Show forest plot

4

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

2.1 at 1 year

1

40

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.92 [0.47, 7.90]

2.2 at 18 months

1

185

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.89 [0.50, 1.60]

2.3 at 2 years

2

92

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.71 [0.30, 1.66]

2.4 at 3 years

2

105

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.40 [0.18, 0.89]

3 Change in EDSS disability score Show forest plot

5

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

3.1 at 1 year

4

486

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.00 [‐0.17, 0.17]

3.2 at 18 months

1

135

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.08 [‐0.43, 0.27]

3.3 at 2 years

4

479

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.22 [‐0.44, 0.00]

3.4 at 3 years

3

419

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.25 [‐0.52, 0.02]

4 Patients with at least one relapse Show forest plot

5

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

4.1 at 1 year

4

499

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.63 [0.44, 0.90]

4.2 at 18 months

1

135

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.26 [0.64, 2.50]

4.3 at 2 years

4

488

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.47 [0.32, 0.69]

4.4 at 3 years

3

415

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.49 [0.31, 0.75]

5 Patients with at least one relapse (worst) Show forest plot

5

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

5.1 at 1 year

4

513

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.66 [0.47, 0.94]

5.2 at 18 months

1

185

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.11 [0.62, 1.99]

5.3 at 2 years

4

513

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.51 [0.35, 0.74]

5.4 at 3 years

3

459

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.50 [0.33, 0.77]

6 Mean number of relapses Show forest plot

4

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

6.1 at 1 year

4

488

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.15 [‐0.35, 0.05]

6.2 at 2 years

4

482

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.26 [‐0.43, ‐0.10]

6.3 at 3 years

3

417

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.13 [‐0.29, 0.03]

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 1. Azathioprine versus placebo
Comparison 2. Azathioprine versus placebo

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Adverse effects Show forest plot

5

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

1.1 Gastrointestinal

4

633

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

3.80 [1.93, 7.46]

1.2 Cutaneous rash

4

658

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.14 [0.96, 4.77]

1.3 Viral or bacterial infections

3

459

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.49 [0.64, 3.47]

1.4 Abnormal liver enzymes

3

593

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

4.49 [2.10, 9.60]

1.5 Leucopenia (<3000 WBC/mm3)

4

513

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

8.58 [4.78, 15.39]

1.6 Anaemia

2

539

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

5.19 [1.49, 18.08]

1.7 Total malignancy (3 years)

2

419

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.93 [0.41, 21.00]

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 2. Azathioprine versus placebo