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Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 1 CFQ scores.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 1 CFQ scores.

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 2 Fatigue.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 2 Fatigue.

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 3 FEV1 (L).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.3

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 3 FEV1 (L).

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 4 FEV1 (% predicted).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.4

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 4 FEV1 (% predicted).

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 5 FVC (L).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.5

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 5 FVC (L).

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 6 FVC (% predicted).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.6

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 6 FVC (% predicted).

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 7 FEF25‐75 (L).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.7

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 7 FEF25‐75 (L).

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 8 FEF25‐75 (% predicted).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.8

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 8 FEF25‐75 (% predicted).

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 9 Respiratory muscle strength PImax (cmH20).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.9

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 9 Respiratory muscle strength PImax (cmH20).

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 10 Respiratory muscle strength PEmax (cmH20).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.10

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 10 Respiratory muscle strength PEmax (cmH20).

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 11 Airway resistance % predicted.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.11

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 11 Airway resistance % predicted.

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 12 LCI.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.12

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 12 LCI.

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 13 Oxygen saturation during airway clearance (%).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.13

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 13 Oxygen saturation during airway clearance (%).

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 14 Oxygen saturation during airway clearance (change in SpO2 % during treatment).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.14

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 14 Oxygen saturation during airway clearance (change in SpO2 % during treatment).

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 15 Oxygen saturation after airway clearance (SpO2).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.15

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 15 Oxygen saturation after airway clearance (SpO2).

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 16 PaCO2.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.16

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 16 PaCO2.

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 17 Breathlessness.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.17

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 17 Breathlessness.

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 18 Sputum wet weight (g).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.18

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 18 Sputum wet weight (g).

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 19 Sputum dry weight (g).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.19

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 19 Sputum dry weight (g).

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 20 Sputum volume per day (VAS score).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.20

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 20 Sputum volume per day (VAS score).

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 21 Pseudomonas density (log CFU/g).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.21

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 21 Pseudomonas density (log CFU/g).

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 22 Exercise capacity: 25 level modified shuttle test (m).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.22

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 22 Exercise capacity: 25 level modified shuttle test (m).

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 23 Energy (VAS score).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.23

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 23 Energy (VAS score).

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 24 6MWT.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.24

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 24 6MWT.

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 25 Length of hospital stay (days).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.25

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 25 Length of hospital stay (days).

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 26 Time to next admission (days).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.26

Comparison 1 NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique), Outcome 26 Time to next admission (days).

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 1 CFQoL chest symptom score.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.1

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 1 CFQoL chest symptom score.

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 2 CFQoL transitional dyspnoea index.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.2

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 2 CFQoL transitional dyspnoea index.

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 3 Symptoms of sleep‐disordered breathing.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.3

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 3 Symptoms of sleep‐disordered breathing.

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 4 Lung function during sleep.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.4

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 4 Lung function during sleep.

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 5 Respiratory rate (breaths/min).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.5

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 5 Respiratory rate (breaths/min).

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 6 Lung function while awake.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.6

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 6 Lung function while awake.

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 7 Arterial blood gases: pH.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.7

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 7 Arterial blood gases: pH.

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 8 Arterial blood gases: PaO2 (mmHg).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.8

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 8 Arterial blood gases: PaO2 (mmHg).

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 9 Arterial blood gases: PaCO2 (mmHg).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.9

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 9 Arterial blood gases: PaCO2 (mmHg).

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 10 Arterial blood gases: HCO3 (mmol/L).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.10

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 10 Arterial blood gases: HCO3 (mmol/L).

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 11 Arterial blood gases: SaO2 (%).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.11

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 11 Arterial blood gases: SaO2 (%).

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 12 Exercise performance (MSWT) (metres).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.12

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 12 Exercise performance (MSWT) (metres).

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 13 Total sleep time (min).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.13

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 13 Total sleep time (min).

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 14 REM sleep architecture.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.14

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 14 REM sleep architecture.

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 15 Sleep latency (min).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.15

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 15 Sleep latency (min).

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 16 Nocturnal oxygen saturation (%).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.16

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 16 Nocturnal oxygen saturation (%).

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 17 Nocturnal oxygen saturation (%).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.17

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 17 Nocturnal oxygen saturation (%).

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 18 Nocturnal TcCO2 (mmHg.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.18

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 18 Nocturnal TcCO2 (mmHg.

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 19 Nocturnal TcCO2 (mmHg).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.19

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 19 Nocturnal TcCO2 (mmHg).

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 20 Nocturnal TcCO2 TST (mmHg).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.20

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 20 Nocturnal TcCO2 TST (mmHg).

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 21 Hypopneas.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.21

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 21 Hypopneas.

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 22 Mean heart rate (beats/min).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.22

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 22 Mean heart rate (beats/min).

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 23 Respiratory rate.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.23

Comparison 2 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen, Outcome 23 Respiratory rate.

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 1 CF QoL chest symptom score.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.1

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 1 CF QoL chest symptom score.

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 2 CF QoL traditional dyspnoea index score.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.2

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 2 CF QoL traditional dyspnoea index score.

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 3 Symptoms of sleep‐disordered breathing.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.3

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 3 Symptoms of sleep‐disordered breathing.

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 4 Lung function during sleep.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.4

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 4 Lung function during sleep.

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 5 Respiratory rate(breaths/min) during sleep.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.5

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 5 Respiratory rate(breaths/min) during sleep.

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 6 Mean Respiratory Rate.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.6

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 6 Mean Respiratory Rate.

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 7 Mean Heart Rate (beats/min).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.7

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 7 Mean Heart Rate (beats/min).

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 8 Lung function while awake.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.8

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 8 Lung function while awake.

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 9 Arterial blood gases: pH.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.9

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 9 Arterial blood gases: pH.

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 10 Arterial blood gases: PaO2 (mmHg).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.10

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 10 Arterial blood gases: PaO2 (mmHg).

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 11 Arterial blood gases: PaCO2 (mmHg).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.11

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 11 Arterial blood gases: PaCO2 (mmHg).

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 12 Arterial blood gases: HCO3 (mmol/L).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.12

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 12 Arterial blood gases: HCO3 (mmol/L).

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 13 Arterial blood gases: SaO2 (%).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.13

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 13 Arterial blood gases: SaO2 (%).

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 14 Exercise performance (metres).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.14

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 14 Exercise performance (metres).

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 15 Total sleep time (min).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.15

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 15 Total sleep time (min).

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 16 REM sleep architecture.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.16

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 16 REM sleep architecture.

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 17 Sleep latency.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.17

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 17 Sleep latency.

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 18 Nocturnal oxygen saturation (%).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.18

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 18 Nocturnal oxygen saturation (%).

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 19 Nocturnal oxygen saturation (%).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.19

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 19 Nocturnal oxygen saturation (%).

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 20 Nocturnal TcCO2 (mmHg).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.20

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 20 Nocturnal TcCO2 (mmHg).

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 21 Nocturnal TcCO2(mmHg).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.21

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 21 Nocturnal TcCO2(mmHg).

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 22 Nocturnal TcCO2 TST (mmHg).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.22

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 22 Nocturnal TcCO2 TST (mmHg).

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 23 Hypopneas.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.23

Comparison 3 NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air, Outcome 23 Hypopneas.

Comparison 4 NIV versus no NIV during exercise testing, Outcome 1 6 minute walk test.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 4.1

Comparison 4 NIV versus no NIV during exercise testing, Outcome 1 6 minute walk test.

Table 1. List of abbreviations

Abbreviation

Definition

Explanation

6MWT

six minute walk test

ABG

analysis of arterial blood gases

ACBT

active cycle of breathing technique

AHI

apnoea/hypopnoea Index

CF

cystic fibrosis

COPD

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

CPAP

continuous positive airway pressure

a system that maintains a positive pressure in the circuitry and airways throughout inspiration and expiration

CPT

chest physiotherapy

CSS

chest symptom score

a validated CF quality of life measurement on a scale of 0 (worst) to 100 (best)

ESS

Epworth sleepiness scale

a scale measuring sleepiness ranging from 0 (best) to 24 (worst)

FEF25‐75

flow rate between 25% and 75% of maximal expiration

FEV₁

forced expiratory volume in 1 second

FRC

functional residual capacity

resting volume of the lungs

FVC

forced vital capacity

total volume of air expired during a forced expiration following a full inspiration

Global PSQI

Global score Pittsburgh sleep quality index

sleep quality scale ranging from 0 (best) to 21 (worst)

LCI

lung clearance index

measured by multiple breath washouts; a sensitive measure of ventilation inhomogeneity

MEF50

maximal expiratory flow with 50% of vital capacity remaining in the lung

mmHg

millimetres of mercury

mSpO2

mean oxygen saturation

MSWT

modified shuttle walk test

incremental exercise tolerance test with minimum clinically important difference = 40 m

nadirSpO₂

the largest fall expressed in the absolute value of SpO₂

NIPPV

non‐invasive positive pressure ventilation

NIV

non‐invasive ventilation

NREM

non‐rapid eye movement

a phase during sleep

ODI

oxygen desaturation index

OEP

optoelectronic plethysmography

PaCO₂

partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood

PaO₂

partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood

PEP

positive expiratory pressure

an airway clearance technique

PSV

pressure support ventilation

QoL

quality of life

RCT

randomised controlled trial

RDI

respiratory disturbance index

RE

respiratory exacerbations

REM

rapid eye movement

a phase during sleep

RR

respiratory rate

SaO₂

saturation of haemoglobin with oxygen in arterial blood

SD

standard deviation

SOB

shortness of breath

SpO2

saturation of haemoglobin with oxygen using pulse oximetry

*SpO2 max

the largest fall expressed as the difference with the SpO2 just before the manoeuvre

*SpO₂ mean

the mean of *SpO₂ max during the whole chest physiotherapy period

SWT

shuttle walk test

TcCO₂

transcutaneous carbon dioxide

TDI

transitional dyspnoea index

a measurement of CF quality of life, scores ranging from ‐9 (worst) to +9 (best); the minimal clinically important difference is 1 unit

TLC

total lung capacity

total volume of air in lungs following a maximum inspiration

TST

total sleep time

TWT

treadmill walking test

VI

minute ventilation

VT

tidal volume

volume air inspired or expired during normal breathing

IPAP

inspiratory positive airway pressure

PImax

inspiratory respiratory muscle strength

PEmax

expiratory respiratory muscle strength

Vab

abdominal volume of the chest wall

variable calculated from OEP

Vrca

abdominal rib cage volume

variable calculated from OEP

Vrcp

pulmonary rib cage volume

variable calculated from OEP

Figuras y tablas -
Table 1. List of abbreviations
Comparison 1. NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 CFQ scores Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

1.1 Physical Domain

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

1.2 Health Domain

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

1.3 Respiratory Domain

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

2 Fatigue Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

3 FEV1 (L) Show forest plot

2

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

3.1 Up to 1 week (directed cough)

2

86

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.03 [‐0.17, 0.12]

3.2 Up to 1 week (PEP)

1

34

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.05 [‐0.22, 0.12]

4 FEV1 (% predicted) Show forest plot

3

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

4.1 Up to 1 week (directed cough)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.2 Up to 2 weeks (all techniques combined)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.3 Up to 3 months (PEP)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

5 FVC (L) Show forest plot

2

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

5.1 Up to 1 week (directed cough)

2

86

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.00 [‐0.30, 0.30]

5.2 Up to 1 week (PEP)

1

34

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.07 [‐0.47, 0.33]

6 FVC (% predicted) Show forest plot

2

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

6.1 Up to 1 week (directed cough)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

6.2 Up to 3 months (PEP)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

7 FEF25‐75 (L) Show forest plot

2

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

7.1 Up to 1 week (directed cough)

2

86

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.00 [‐0.08, 0.07]

7.2 Up to 1 week (PEP)

1

34

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [‐0.07, 0.07]

8 FEF25‐75 (% predicted) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

8.1 Up to 1 week (directed cough)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

9 Respiratory muscle strength PImax (cmH20) Show forest plot

2

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

9.1 Up to 1 week (all techniques combined)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

9.2 Up to 2 weeks (all techniques combined)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

10 Respiratory muscle strength PEmax (cmH20) Show forest plot

2

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

10.1 Up to 1 week (all techniques combined)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

10.2 Up to 2 weeks (all techniques combined)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

11 Airway resistance % predicted Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

11.1 Up to 1 week (all techniques combined)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

12 LCI Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

12.1 Up to 3 months (PEP)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

13 Oxygen saturation during airway clearance (%) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

13.1 Up to 1 week (all techniques combined)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

14 Oxygen saturation during airway clearance (change in SpO2 % during treatment) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

14.1 Up to 1 week (all techniques combined)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

15 Oxygen saturation after airway clearance (SpO2) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

15.1 Up to 1 week (directed cough)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

15.2 Up to 1 week (PEP)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

16 PaCO2 Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

16.1 Up to 3 months (PEP)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

17 Breathlessness Show forest plot

2

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

17.1 Up to 1 week (Borg breathlessness score)

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

17.2 Up to 2 weeks (VAS score)

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

18 Sputum wet weight (g) Show forest plot

3

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

18.1 Up to 1 week (directed cough)

3

118

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.69 [‐3.06, 1.67]

18.2 Up to 1 week (PEP)

1

34

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐2.58 [‐6.11, 0.95]

19 Sputum dry weight (g) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

19.1 Up to 1 week (directed cough)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

19.2 Up to 1 week (PEP)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

20 Sputum volume per day (VAS score) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

20.1 Up to 2 weeks (all techniques combined)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

21 Pseudomonas density (log CFU/g) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

21.1 Up to 2 weeks (all techniques combined)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

22 Exercise capacity: 25 level modified shuttle test (m) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

22.1 Up to 2 weeks (all techniques combined)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

23 Energy (VAS score) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

23.1 Up to 2 weeks (all techniques combined)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

24 6MWT Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

24.1 Up to 3 months (PEP)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

25 Length of hospital stay (days) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

25.1 Up to 2 weeks (all techniques combined)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

26 Time to next admission (days) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 1. NIV versus no NIV during chest physiotherapy (any technique)
Comparison 2. NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 CFQoL chest symptom score Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

1.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

2 CFQoL transitional dyspnoea index Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3 Symptoms of sleep‐disordered breathing Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

3.1 Epworth Sleepiness Scale (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.2 Global PSQI (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4 Lung function during sleep Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

4.1 VI (L/m) while awake (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.2 VI (L/m) during REM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.3 VI (L/m) during NREM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.4 VT (L) while awake (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.5 VT (L) during REM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.6 VT (L) during NREM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

5 Respiratory rate (breaths/min) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

5.1 RR while awake (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

5.2 RR during REM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

5.3 RR during NREM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

6 Lung function while awake Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

6.1 FEV1% predicted (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

6.2 FVC % predicted (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

7 Arterial blood gases: pH Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

7.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

8 Arterial blood gases: PaO2 (mmHg) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

8.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

9 Arterial blood gases: PaCO2 (mmHg) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

9.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

10 Arterial blood gases: HCO3 (mmol/L) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

10.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

11 Arterial blood gases: SaO2 (%) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

11.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

12 Exercise performance (MSWT) (metres) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

12.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

13 Total sleep time (min) Show forest plot

2

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

13.1 Single night

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

13.2 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

14 REM sleep architecture Show forest plot

2

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

14.1 REM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

14.2 REM %TST (single night)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

14.3 REM % TST (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

15 Sleep latency (min) Show forest plot

3

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

15.1 Single night

2

38

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.93 [‐0.32, 6.19]

15.2 Up to 3 months

1

15

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐5.0 [‐19.17, 9.17]

16 Nocturnal oxygen saturation (%) Show forest plot

2

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

16.1 Mean SpO2 REM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

16.2 Mean SpO2 NREM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

16.3 Mean SpO2 for TST (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

16.4 TST with SpO2 < 90% (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

17 Nocturnal oxygen saturation (%) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

17.1 Percentage TST SpO2>90%

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

17.2 Percentage REM SpO2>90%

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

17.3 Percentage NREM SpO2>90%

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

18 Nocturnal TcCO2 (mmHg Show forest plot

2

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

18.1 TcCO2 during REM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

18.2 TcCO2 during NREM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

18.3 Mean change PtCO2 (mmHg) (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

18.4 Mean change PaCO2 (mmHg) (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

19 Nocturnal TcCO2 (mmHg) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

19.1 Mean change TcCO2 NREM to REM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

19.2 Maximum TcCO2 (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

20 Nocturnal TcCO2 TST (mmHg) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

20.1 Mean PtCO2 TST (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

20.2 Maximum PtCO2 TST (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

21 Hypopneas Show forest plot

1

Relative rate (Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

21.1 Single night

1

Relative rate (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

22 Mean heart rate (beats/min) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

22.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

23 Respiratory rate Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

23.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 2. NIV in overnight ventilation compared to oxygen
Comparison 3. NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 CF QoL chest symptom score Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

1.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

2 CF QoL traditional dyspnoea index score Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3 Symptoms of sleep‐disordered breathing Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

3.1 Epworth sleepiness scale (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.2 Global PSQI (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4 Lung function during sleep Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

4.1 VI while awake (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.2 VI during REM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.3 VI during NREM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.4 VT while awake (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.5 VT during REM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.6 VT during NREM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

5 Respiratory rate(breaths/min) during sleep Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

5.1 RR while awake (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

5.2 RR during REM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

5.3 RR during NREM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

6 Mean Respiratory Rate Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

6.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

7 Mean Heart Rate (beats/min) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

7.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

8 Lung function while awake Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

8.1 FEV1% predicted (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

8.2 FVC % predicted (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

9 Arterial blood gases: pH Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

9.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

10 Arterial blood gases: PaO2 (mmHg) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

10.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

11 Arterial blood gases: PaCO2 (mmHg) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

11.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

12 Arterial blood gases: HCO3 (mmol/L) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

12.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

13 Arterial blood gases: SaO2 (%) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

13.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

14 Exercise performance (metres) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

14.1 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

15 Total sleep time (min) Show forest plot

2

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

15.1 Single night

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

15.2 Up to 3 months

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

16 REM sleep architecture Show forest plot

2

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

16.1 REM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

16.2 REM %TST (single night)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

16.3 REM % TST (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

17 Sleep latency Show forest plot

3

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

17.1 Single night

2

38

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐2.63 [‐7.37, 2.11]

17.2 At 6 weeks

1

15

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐3.00 [‐19.88, 13.88]

18 Nocturnal oxygen saturation (%) Show forest plot

2

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

18.1 Mean SpO2 REM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

18.2 Mean SpO2 NREM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

18.3 Mean SpO2 for TST (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

18.4 TST for SpO2 < 90% (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

19 Nocturnal oxygen saturation (%) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

19.1 Percentage TST SpO2 > 90% (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

19.2 Percentage REM SpO2 > 90% (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

19.3 Percentage NREM SpO2 > 90% (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

20 Nocturnal TcCO2 (mmHg) Show forest plot

2

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

20.1 TcCO2 during REM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

20.2 TcCO2 during NREM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

20.3 Mean change PtCO2 (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

20.4 Mean change PaCO2 (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

21 Nocturnal TcCO2(mmHg) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

21.1 Mean change TcCO2 NREM to REM (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

21.2 Maximum TcCO2 (single night)

1

Mean Difference (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

22 Nocturnal TcCO2 TST (mmHg) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

22.1 Mean PtCO2 TST (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

22.2 Max PtCO2 TST (up to 3 months)

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

23 Hypopneas Show forest plot

1

Relative rate (Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

23.1 Single night

1

Relative rate (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 3. NIV in overnight ventilation compared to room air
Comparison 4. NIV versus no NIV during exercise testing

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 6 minute walk test Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

1.1 Up to 1 week

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 4. NIV versus no NIV during exercise testing