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Study flow diagram
Figuras y tablas -
Figure 1

Study flow diagram

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Risk of bias graph: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies
Figuras y tablas -
Figure 2

Risk of bias graph: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies

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Risk of bias summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study
Figuras y tablas -
Figure 3

Risk of bias summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study

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Forest plot of comparison: 1 Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens, outcome: 1.1 Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed at end point).
Figuras y tablas -
Figure 4

Forest plot of comparison: 1 Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens, outcome: 1.1 Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed at end point).

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Forest plot of comparison: 2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens, outcome: 2.1 Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed at end point).
Figuras y tablas -
Figure 5

Forest plot of comparison: 2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens, outcome: 2.1 Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed at end point).

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Forest plot of comparison: 3 Oestrogen cream versus placebo or other regimens, outcome: 3.1 Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed at end point).
Figuras y tablas -
Figure 6

Forest plot of comparison: 3 Oestrogen cream versus placebo or other regimens, outcome: 3.1 Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed at end point).

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Comparison 1 Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 1 Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed at end point).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 1 Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed at end point).

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Comparison 1 Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 2 Endometrial thickness.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 2 Endometrial thickness.

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Comparison 1 Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 3 Improvement in symptoms (clinician‐assessed at end point).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.3

Comparison 1 Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 3 Improvement in symptoms (clinician‐assessed at end point).

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Comparison 1 Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 4 Improvement in symptoms (decrease in vaginal pH at end point).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.4

Comparison 1 Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 4 Improvement in symptoms (decrease in vaginal pH at end point).

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Comparison 1 Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 5 Improvement in symptoms (increase in maturation indices at end point).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.5

Comparison 1 Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 5 Improvement in symptoms (increase in maturation indices at end point).

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Comparison 1 Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 6 Adverse events (breast disorders).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.6

Comparison 1 Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 6 Adverse events (breast disorders).

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Comparison 1 Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 7 Adverse events (total adverse events).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.7

Comparison 1 Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 7 Adverse events (total adverse events).

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Comparison 1 Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 8 Adherence to treatment.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.8

Comparison 1 Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 8 Adherence to treatment.

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Comparison 2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 1 Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed at end point).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.1

Comparison 2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 1 Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed at end point).

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Comparison 2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 2 Endometrial thickness.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.2

Comparison 2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 2 Endometrial thickness.

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Comparison 2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 3 Improvement in symptoms (clinician‐assessed at end point).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.3

Comparison 2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 3 Improvement in symptoms (clinician‐assessed at end point).

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Comparison 2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 4 Improvement in symptoms (decrease in vaginal pH at end point).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.4

Comparison 2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 4 Improvement in symptoms (decrease in vaginal pH at end point).

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Comparison 2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 5 Improvement in symptoms (increase in maturation indices at end point).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.5

Comparison 2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 5 Improvement in symptoms (increase in maturation indices at end point).

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Comparison 2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 6 Adverse events (breast disorders).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.6

Comparison 2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 6 Adverse events (breast disorders).

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Comparison 2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 7 Adverse events (total adverse events).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.7

Comparison 2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 7 Adverse events (total adverse events).

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Comparison 2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 8 Adherence to treatment.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.8

Comparison 2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 8 Adherence to treatment.

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Comparison 3 Oestrogen cream versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 1 Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed at end point).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.1

Comparison 3 Oestrogen cream versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 1 Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed at end point).

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Comparison 3 Oestrogen cream versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 3 Improvement in symptoms (clinician‐assessed at end point).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.3

Comparison 3 Oestrogen cream versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 3 Improvement in symptoms (clinician‐assessed at end point).

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Comparison 3 Oestrogen cream versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 4 Improvement in symptoms (decrease in vaginal pH at end point).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.4

Comparison 3 Oestrogen cream versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 4 Improvement in symptoms (decrease in vaginal pH at end point).

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Comparison 3 Oestrogen cream versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 5 Improvement in symptoms (increase in maturation indices at end point).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.5

Comparison 3 Oestrogen cream versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 5 Improvement in symptoms (increase in maturation indices at end point).

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Comparison 3 Oestrogen cream versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 7 Adverse events (total adverse events).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.7

Comparison 3 Oestrogen cream versus placebo or other regimens, Outcome 7 Adverse events (total adverse events).

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Summary of findings for the main comparison. Oestrogen ring compared to other regimens for vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women

Oestrogen ring compared to other regimens for vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women

Patient or population: postmenopausal women with vaginal atrophy
Settings: outpatient clinic
Intervention: oestrogen ring
Comparison: other regimen

Outcomes

Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI)

Relative effect
(95% CI)

No of Participants
(studies)

Quality of the evidence
(GRADE)

Comments

Assumed risk

Corresponding risk

Other regimen

Oestrogen ring

Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed) (oestrogen ring vs oestrogen cream)

717 per 1000

771 per 1000
(670 to 847)

OR 1.33
(0.80 to 2.19)

341
( 2studies)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
low1,2

Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed) (oestrogen ring vs oestrogen tablets)

582 per 1000

521 per 1000
(425 to 616)

OR 0.78
(0.53 to 1.15)

567
(3 studies)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
low1,2

Endometrial thickness (oestrogen ring vs oestrogen cream)

117 per 1000

46 per 1000
(18 to 111)

OR 0.36
(0.14 to 0.94)

273
(2 studies)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
low1,3

Improvement in symptoms (clinician‐assessed) (oestrogen ring vs oestrogen cream)

706 per 1000

714 per 1000
(627 to 786)

OR 1.04
(0.70 to 1.53)

533
(3 studies)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
low1,2

Improvement in symptoms (clinician‐assessed) (oestrogen ring vs oestrogen tablets)

636 per 1000

717 per 1000
(611 to 802)

OR 1.45
(0.90 to 2.32)

397
(2 studies)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
low1,2

Adverse events (total adverse events) (oestrogen ring vs oestrogen cream)

364 per 1000

335 per 1000
(212 to 483)

OR 0.88
(0.47 to 1.63)

192
(1 study)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
low2,3

Adverse events (total adverse events) (oestrogen ring vs placebo)

444 per 1000

264 per 1000
(81 to 587)

OR 0.45
(0.11 to 1.78)

37
(1 study)

⊕⊕⊕⊝
moderate3

*The basis for the assumed risk is the median control group risk across studies. The corresponding risk (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI).
CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio;

GRADE Working Group grades of evidence
High quality: Further research is very unlikely to change our confidence in the estimate of effect.
Moderate quality: Further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and may change the estimate.
Low quality: Further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and is likely to change the estimate.
Very low quality: We are very uncertain about the estimate.

1 Downgraded by 1 level as most risk of bias domains were rated either as unclear or high
2 Downgraded by 1 level due to effect estimate with wide confidence interval
3 Downgraded by 1 level due to small sample size

Figuras y tablas -
Summary of findings for the main comparison. Oestrogen ring compared to other regimens for vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women
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Summary of findings 2. Oestrogen tablets compared to other regimens for vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women

Oestrogen tablets compared to other regimens for vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women

Patient or population: postmenopausal women with vaginal atrophy
Settings: outpatient clinic
Intervention: oestrogen tablets
Comparison: other regimen

Outcomes

Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI)

Relative effect
(95% CI)

No of Participants
(studies)

Quality of the evidence
(GRADE)

Comments

Assumed risk

Corresponding risk

Other regimen

Oestrogen tablets

Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed) (oestrogen tablets vs oestrogen cream)

683 per 1000

695 per 1000
(542 to 812)

OR 1.06
(0.55 to 2.01)

208
(2 studies)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
low2,3

Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed) (oestrogen tablets vs placebo)

294 per 1000

839 per 1000
(803 to 868)

OR 12.47
(9.81 to 15.84)

1638
(2 studies)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
low1,4

Using a random effects model, there was no evidence of a difference in effect:

OR 5.80, 95% CI 0.88 to 38.29

Endometrial thickness (oestrogen tablets vs oestrogen cream)

80 per 1000

26 per 1000
(5 to 122)

OR 0.31
(0.06 to 1.60)

151
(2 studies)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
low2,3

Improvement in symptoms (clinician‐assessed) (oestrogen tablets vs oestrogen cream)

697 per 1000

699 per 1000
(612 to 774)

OR 1.03
(0.70 to 1.52)

528
(3 studies)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
low1,3

Improvement in symptoms (clinician‐assessed) (oestrogen tablets vs placebo)

262 per 1000

820 per 1000
(787 to 849)

OR 12.85
(10.39 to 15.89)

2078
(4 studies)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
low1,5

Adverse events (total adverse events) (oestrogen tablets vs placebo)

19 per 1000

24 per 1000
(5 to 115)

OR 1.27
(0.24 to 6.69)

309
(1 study)

⊕⊕⊕⊝
moderate3

*The basis for the assumed risk is the median control group risk across studies. The corresponding risk (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI).
CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio;

GRADE Working Group grades of evidence
High quality: Further research is very unlikely to change our confidence in the estimate of effect.
Moderate quality: Further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and may change the estimate.
Low quality: Further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and is likely to change the estimate.
Very low quality: We are very uncertain about the estimate.

1 Downgraded by 1 level as most risk of bias domains were assessed either as unclear or high
2 Downgraded by 1 level due to small sample size
3 Downgraded by 1 level due to effect estimate with wide confidence interval
4 Downgraded by 1 level due to substantial heterogeneity among studies (I2 = 83%)
5 Downgraded by 1 level due to substantial heterogeneity among studies (I2 = 90%)

Figuras y tablas -
Summary of findings 2. Oestrogen tablets compared to other regimens for vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women
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Summary of findings 3. Oestrogen cream compared to other regimens for vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women

Oestrogen cream compared to other regimens for vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women

Patient or population: postmenopausal women with vaginal atrophy
Settings: outpatient clinic
Intervention: oestrogen cream
Comparison: other regimen

Outcomes

Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI)

Relative effect
(95% CI)

No of Participants
(studies)

Quality of the evidence
(GRADE)

Comments

Assumed risk

Corresponding risk

Other regimen

Oestrogen cream

Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed) (oestrogen cream vs isoflavone gel)

967 per 1000

984 per 1000
(701 to 999)

OR 2.08
(0.08 to 53.76)

50
(1 study)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
low2,3

Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed) oestrogen cream vs placebo)

685 per 1000

899 per 1000
(803 to 951)

OR 4.10
(1.88 to 8.93)

198
(2 studies)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
low1,2

Endometrial thickness

not reported

‐

‐

Not estimable

‐

‐

Improvement in symptoms (clinician‐assessed) (oestrogen cream vs placebo)

646 per 1000

857 per 1000
(728 to 931)

OR 3.29
(1.47 to 7.36)

153
(1 study)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
low1,2

Adverse events (total adverse events) (oestrogen cream vs non‐hormonal lubricant gel)

‐

‐

OR 10.67
(0.54 to 209.64)

50
(1 study)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
low2,3

*The basis for the assumed risk is the median control group risk across studies. The corresponding risk (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI).
CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio;

GRADE Working Group grades of evidence
High quality: Further research is very unlikely to change our confidence in the estimate of effect.
Moderate quality: Further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and may change the estimate.
Low quality: Further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and is likely to change the estimate.
Very low quality: We are very uncertain about the estimate.

1 Downgraded by 1 level as most risk of bias domains were assessed either as unclear or high
2 Downgraded by 1 level due to small sample size
3 Downgraded by 1 level due to effect estimate with wide confidence interval

Figuras y tablas -
Summary of findings 3. Oestrogen cream compared to other regimens for vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women
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Comparison 1. Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed at end point) Show forest plot

6

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

1.1 Oestrogen ring versus oestrogen cream

2

341

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.33 [0.80, 2.19]

1.2 Oestrogen ring versus oestrogen tablets

3

567

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.78 [0.53, 1.15]

1.3 Oestrogen ring versus placebo

1

67

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

12.67 [3.23, 49.66]

2 Endometrial thickness Show forest plot

2

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

2.1 Oestrogen ring versus oestrogen cream

2

273

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.36 [0.14, 0.94]

3 Improvement in symptoms (clinician‐assessed at end point) Show forest plot

6

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

3.1 Oestrogen ring versus oestrogen cream

3

533

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.04 [0.70, 1.53]

3.2 Oestrogen ring versus oestrogen tablets

2

397

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.45 [0.90, 2.32]

3.3 Oestrogen ring versus placebo

1

49

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.0 [0.55, 7.31]

4 Improvement in symptoms (decrease in vaginal pH at end point) Show forest plot

3

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

4.1 Oestrogen ring versus oestrogen cream

1

165

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.10 [‐0.19, 0.39]

4.2 Oestrogen ring versus oestrogen tablets

1

146

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.20 [‐0.38, ‐0.02]

4.3 Oestrogen ring versus placebo

1

37

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐1.31 [‐1.82, ‐0.80]

5 Improvement in symptoms (increase in maturation indices at end point) Show forest plot

3

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

5.1 Oestrogen ring versus oestrogen cream

2

341

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.79 [‐1.52, 3.09]

5.2 Oestrogen ring (7.5 ug) versus placebo

0

0

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

5.3 Oestrogen ring (100 ug) versus placebo

0

0

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

5.4 Oestrogen ring (50 ug) versus placebo

0

0

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

5.5 Oestrogen ring (unspecified dose) versus placebo

1

37

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

24.4 [15.25, 33.55]

6 Adverse events (breast disorders) Show forest plot

4

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

6.1 Oestrogen ring versus oestrogen cream

1

192

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.12 [0.01, 1.13]

6.2 Oestrogen ring versus oestrogen tablets

3

587

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.42 [0.12, 1.52]

7 Adverse events (total adverse events) Show forest plot

2

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

7.1 Oestrogen ring versus oestrogen cream

1

192

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.88 [0.47, 1.63]

7.2 Oestrogen ring versus placebo

1

37

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.45 [0.11, 1.78]

8 Adherence to treatment Show forest plot

3

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

8.1 Oestrogen ring versus oestrogen cream

2

350

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.23 [1.31, 3.80]

8.2 Oestrogen ring versus oestrogen tablets

1

146

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.69 [0.66, 4.31]
Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 1. Oestrogen ring versus placebo or other regimens
Ir a la tabla de la revisión
Comparison 2. Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed at end point) Show forest plot

4

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

1.1 Oestrogen tablets versus oestrogen cream

2

208

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.06 [0.55, 2.01]

1.2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo

2

1638

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

12.47 [9.81, 15.84]

2 Endometrial thickness Show forest plot

2

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

2.1 Oestrogen tablets versus oestrogen cream

2

151

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.31 [0.06, 1.60]

3 Improvement in symptoms (clinician‐assessed at end point) Show forest plot

6

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

3.1 Oestrogen tablets versus oestrogen cream

3

528

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.03 [0.70, 1.52]

3.2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo

3

2078

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

12.85 [10.39, 15.89]

4 Improvement in symptoms (decrease in vaginal pH at end point) Show forest plot

3

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

4.1 Oestrogen tablets versus oestrogen cream

1

48

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.20 [‐0.12, 0.52]

4.2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo

2

524

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.95 [‐1.10, ‐0.80]

5 Improvement in symptoms (increase in maturation indices at end point) Show forest plot

2

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

5.1 Oestrogen tablets versus oestrogen cream

1

48

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐4.69 [‐13.58, 4.20]

5.2 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo

1

436

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

18.63 [14.57, 22.69]

6 Adverse events (breast disorders) Show forest plot

1

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

6.1 Oestradiol tablets versus oestriol tablets

1

96

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

3.06 [0.12, 77.09]

7 Adverse events (total adverse events) Show forest plot

1

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

7.1 Oestrogen tablets versus placebo

1

309

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.28 [0.24, 6.69]

8 Adherence to treatment Show forest plot

2

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

8.1 Oestrogen tablets versus oestrogen cream

1

53

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.90 [0.41, 8.94]

8.2 Oestradiol tablets versus oestriol tablets

1

96

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.69 [1.15, 6.31]
Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 2. Oestrogen tablets versus placebo or other regimens
Ir a la tabla de la revisión
Comparison 3. Oestrogen cream versus placebo or other regimens

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Improvement in symptoms (participant‐assessed at end point) Show forest plot

2

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

1.1 Oestrogen cream versus isoflavone gel

1

50

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.08 [0.08, 53.76]

1.2 Oestrogen cream versus placebo

2

198

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

4.10 [1.88, 8.93]

2 Endometrial thickness

0

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

3 Improvement in symptoms (clinician‐assessed at end point) Show forest plot

1

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

3.1 Oestrogen cream versus placebo

1

153

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

3.29 [1.47, 7.36]

4 Improvement in symptoms (decrease in vaginal pH at end point) Show forest plot

4

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

4.1 Oestrogen cream versus non‐hormonal local bio adhesive vaginal moisturiser

2

62

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.36 [‐0.52, ‐0.21]

4.2 Oestrogen cream (21 days) versus placebo (21 days)

1

215

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐1.20 [‐1.47, ‐0.93]

4.3 Oestrogen cream (twice weekly) versus placebo (twice weekly)

1

208

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐1.30 [‐1.58, ‐1.02]

4.4 Oestriol gel (50 ug) versus placebo gel

1

153

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.8 [‐1.23, ‐0.37]

5 Improvement in symptoms (increase in maturation indices at end point) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

5.1 Oestrogen cream versus placebo

1

153

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

23.7 [17.25, 30.15]

6 Adverse events (breast disorders)

0

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

7 Adverse events (total adverse events) Show forest plot

1

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

7.1 Oestrogen cream versus non hormonal lubricant gel

1

50

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

10.67 [0.54, 209.64]

8 Adherence to treatment

0

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only
Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 3. Oestrogen cream versus placebo or other regimens
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