Scolaris Content Display Scolaris Content Display

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 1 Time to regain birth weight (days from birth).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 1 Time to regain birth weight (days from birth).

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 2 Short term weight change (g/kg/day).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 2 Short term weight change (g/kg/day).

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 3 Short term change in crown‐heel length (mm/week).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.3

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 3 Short term change in crown‐heel length (mm/week).

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 4 Short term change in crown‐rump length (mm/week).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.4

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 4 Short term change in crown‐rump length (mm/week).

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 5 Short term change in femoral length (mm/week).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.5

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 5 Short term change in femoral length (mm/week).

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 6 Short term change in head circumference (mm/week).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.6

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 6 Short term change in head circumference (mm/week).

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 7 Weight (kg) at 9 months post term.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.7

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 7 Weight (kg) at 9 months post term.

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 8 Length (cm) at 9 months post term.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.8

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 8 Length (cm) at 9 months post term.

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 9 Head circumference (cm) at 9 months post term.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.9

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 9 Head circumference (cm) at 9 months post term.

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 10 Weight (kg) at 18 months post term.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.10

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 10 Weight (kg) at 18 months post term.

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 11 Length (cm) at 18 months post term.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.11

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 11 Length (cm) at 18 months post term.

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 12 Head circumference (cm) at 18 months post term.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.12

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 12 Head circumference (cm) at 18 months post term.

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 13 Weight (kg) at 7.5‐8 years of age.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.13

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 13 Weight (kg) at 7.5‐8 years of age.

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 14 Length (cm) at 7.5‐8 years of age.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.14

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 14 Length (cm) at 7.5‐8 years of age.

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 15 Head circumference (cm) at 7.5‐8 years of age.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.15

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 15 Head circumference (cm) at 7.5‐8 years of age.

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 16 Bayley mental development index at 18 months.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.16

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 16 Bayley mental development index at 18 months.

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 17 Bayley psychomotor development index at 18 months.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.17

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 17 Bayley psychomotor development index at 18 months.

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 18 Neurological impairment at 18 months.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.18

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 18 Neurological impairment at 18 months.

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 19 Mortality.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.19

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 19 Mortality.

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 20 Necrotising enterocolitis.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.20

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 20 Necrotising enterocolitis.

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 21 Suspected necrotising enterocolitis.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.21

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 21 Suspected necrotising enterocolitis.

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 22 Feed intolerance or diarrhoea.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.22

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 22 Feed intolerance or diarrhoea.

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 23 Incidence of invasive infection.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.23

Comparison 1 Formula milk versus donor breast milk, Outcome 23 Incidence of invasive infection.

Comparison 2 Term formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 1 Short term weight change (g/kg/day).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.1

Comparison 2 Term formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 1 Short term weight change (g/kg/day).

Comparison 2 Term formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 2 Short term change in crown‐heel length (mm/week).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.2

Comparison 2 Term formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 2 Short term change in crown‐heel length (mm/week).

Comparison 2 Term formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 3 Short term change in head circumference (mm/week).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.3

Comparison 2 Term formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 3 Short term change in head circumference (mm/week).

Comparison 2 Term formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 4 Necrotising enterocolitis.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.4

Comparison 2 Term formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 4 Necrotising enterocolitis.

Comparison 2 Term formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 5 Feed intolerance or diarrhoea.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.5

Comparison 2 Term formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 5 Feed intolerance or diarrhoea.

Comparison 3 Preterm formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 1 Short term weight change (g/kg/day).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 3.1

Comparison 3 Preterm formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 1 Short term weight change (g/kg/day).

Comparison 3 Preterm formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 2 Short term change in crown‐heel length (mm/week).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 3.2

Comparison 3 Preterm formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 2 Short term change in crown‐heel length (mm/week).

Comparison 3 Preterm formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 3 Short term change in head circumference (mm/week).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 3.3

Comparison 3 Preterm formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 3 Short term change in head circumference (mm/week).

Comparison 3 Preterm formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 4 Necrotising enterocolitis.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 3.4

Comparison 3 Preterm formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 4 Necrotising enterocolitis.

Comparison 3 Preterm formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 5 Feed intolerance or diarrhoea.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 3.5

Comparison 3 Preterm formula versus donor breast milk, Outcome 5 Feed intolerance or diarrhoea.

Comparison 4 Formula milk given as a sole diet versus donor breast milk given as a sole diet, Outcome 1 Short term weight change (g/kg/day).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 4.1

Comparison 4 Formula milk given as a sole diet versus donor breast milk given as a sole diet, Outcome 1 Short term weight change (g/kg/day).

Comparison 4 Formula milk given as a sole diet versus donor breast milk given as a sole diet, Outcome 2 Short term change in crown‐heel length (mm/week).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 4.2

Comparison 4 Formula milk given as a sole diet versus donor breast milk given as a sole diet, Outcome 2 Short term change in crown‐heel length (mm/week).

Comparison 4 Formula milk given as a sole diet versus donor breast milk given as a sole diet, Outcome 3 Short term change in head circumference (mm/week).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 4.3

Comparison 4 Formula milk given as a sole diet versus donor breast milk given as a sole diet, Outcome 3 Short term change in head circumference (mm/week).

Comparison 4 Formula milk given as a sole diet versus donor breast milk given as a sole diet, Outcome 4 Necrotising enterocolitis.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 4.4

Comparison 4 Formula milk given as a sole diet versus donor breast milk given as a sole diet, Outcome 4 Necrotising enterocolitis.

Comparison 5 Formula milk versus donor breast milk given as a supplement to maternal breast milk, Outcome 1 Short term weight change (g/kg/day).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 5.1

Comparison 5 Formula milk versus donor breast milk given as a supplement to maternal breast milk, Outcome 1 Short term weight change (g/kg/day).

Comparison 5 Formula milk versus donor breast milk given as a supplement to maternal breast milk, Outcome 2 Short term change in crown‐heel length (mm/week).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 5.2

Comparison 5 Formula milk versus donor breast milk given as a supplement to maternal breast milk, Outcome 2 Short term change in crown‐heel length (mm/week).

Comparison 5 Formula milk versus donor breast milk given as a supplement to maternal breast milk, Outcome 3 Short term change in head circumference (mm/week).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 5.3

Comparison 5 Formula milk versus donor breast milk given as a supplement to maternal breast milk, Outcome 3 Short term change in head circumference (mm/week).

Comparison 5 Formula milk versus donor breast milk given as a supplement to maternal breast milk, Outcome 4 Mortality.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 5.4

Comparison 5 Formula milk versus donor breast milk given as a supplement to maternal breast milk, Outcome 4 Mortality.

Comparison 5 Formula milk versus donor breast milk given as a supplement to maternal breast milk, Outcome 5 Necrotising enterocolitis.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 5.5

Comparison 5 Formula milk versus donor breast milk given as a supplement to maternal breast milk, Outcome 5 Necrotising enterocolitis.

Comparison 5 Formula milk versus donor breast milk given as a supplement to maternal breast milk, Outcome 6 Suspected necrotising enterocolitis.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 5.6

Comparison 5 Formula milk versus donor breast milk given as a supplement to maternal breast milk, Outcome 6 Suspected necrotising enterocolitis.

Comparison 1. Formula milk versus donor breast milk

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Time to regain birth weight (days from birth) Show forest plot

2

166

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐2.00 [‐5.81, ‐2.18]

2 Short term weight change (g/kg/day) Show forest plot

7

649

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.59 [1.99, 3.20]

3 Short term change in crown‐heel length (mm/week) Show forest plot

6

441

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.14 [0.61, 1.67]

4 Short term change in crown‐rump length (mm/week) Show forest plot

1

106

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.59 [0.08, 1.10]

5 Short term change in femoral length (mm/week) Show forest plot

1

106

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.34 [0.13, 0.55]

6 Short term change in head circumference (mm/week) Show forest plot

6

515

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.25 [0.75, 1.75]

7 Weight (kg) at 9 months post term Show forest plot

2

369

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.03 [‐0.26, 0.21]

8 Length (cm) at 9 months post term Show forest plot

2

369

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.03 [‐0.64, 0.70]

9 Head circumference (cm) at 9 months post term Show forest plot

2

369

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.20 [‐0.13, 0.53]

10 Weight (kg) at 18 months post term Show forest plot

2

438

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.10 [‐0.15, 0.35]

11 Length (cm) at 18 months post term Show forest plot

2

438

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.53 [‐0.15, 1.20]

12 Head circumference (cm) at 18 months post term Show forest plot

2

438

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.10 [‐0.19, 0.39]

13 Weight (kg) at 7.5‐8 years of age Show forest plot

2

420

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.56 [‐1.42, 0.29]

14 Length (cm) at 7.5‐8 years of age Show forest plot

2

420

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.05 [‐1.12, 1.23]

15 Head circumference (cm) at 7.5‐8 years of age Show forest plot

2

420

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.19 [‐0.54, 0.16]

16 Bayley mental development index at 18 months Show forest plot

2

387

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.24 [‐2.62, 5.09]

17 Bayley psychomotor development index at 18 months Show forest plot

2

387

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.32 [‐3.43, 2.79]

18 Neurological impairment at 18 months Show forest plot

2

400

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.21 [0.62, 2.35]

19 Mortality Show forest plot

3

668

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.23 [0.72, 2.11]

20 Necrotising enterocolitis Show forest plot

5

816

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.46 [1.19, 5.08]

21 Suspected necrotising enterocolitis Show forest plot

3

583

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.41 [0.73, 2.71]

22 Feed intolerance or diarrhoea Show forest plot

2

148

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

4.92 [1.17, 20.70]

23 Incidence of invasive infection Show forest plot

1

166

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.98 [0.66, 1.44]

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 1. Formula milk versus donor breast milk
Comparison 2. Term formula versus donor breast milk

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Short term weight change (g/kg/day) Show forest plot

3

234

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.74 [0.96, 2.53]

2 Short term change in crown‐heel length (mm/week) Show forest plot

2

128

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.80 [0.10, 1.50]

3 Short term change in head circumference (mm/week) Show forest plot

2

128

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.81 [0.15, 1.47]

4 Necrotising enterocolitis Show forest plot

1

67

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

4.73 [0.52, 43.09]

5 Feed intolerance or diarrhoea Show forest plot

1

67

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

9.46 [1.21, 74.17]

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 2. Term formula versus donor breast milk
Comparison 3. Preterm formula versus donor breast milk

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Short term weight change (g/kg/day) Show forest plot

4

415

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

3.83 [2.88, 4.78]

2 Short term change in crown‐heel length (mm/week) Show forest plot

4

313

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.61 [0.79, 2.42]

3 Short term change in head circumference (mm/week) Show forest plot

4

387

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.84 [1.07, 2.61]

4 Necrotising enterocolitis Show forest plot

4

749

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.26 [1.04, 4.90]

5 Feed intolerance or diarrhoea Show forest plot

1

81

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.68 [0.16, 17.82]

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 3. Preterm formula versus donor breast milk
Comparison 4. Formula milk given as a sole diet versus donor breast milk given as a sole diet

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Short term weight change (g/kg/day) Show forest plot

5

368

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.68 [1.96, 3.41]

2 Short term change in crown‐heel length (mm/week) Show forest plot

4

230

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.28 [0.66, 1.90]

3 Short term change in head circumference (mm/week) Show forest plot

4

252

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.45 [0.88, 2.02]

4 Necrotising enterocolitis Show forest plot

3

307

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

4.05 [1.02, 16.18]

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 4. Formula milk given as a sole diet versus donor breast milk given as a sole diet
Comparison 5. Formula milk versus donor breast milk given as a supplement to maternal breast milk

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Short term weight change (g/kg/day) Show forest plot

2

281

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.39 [1.28, 3.50]

2 Short term change in crown‐heel length (mm/week) Show forest plot

2

211

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.75 [‐0.28, 1.78]

3 Short term change in head circumference (mm/week) Show forest plot

2

263

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.59 [‐0.44, 1.62]

4 Mortality Show forest plot

2

509

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.16 [0.60, 2.24]

5 Necrotising enterocolitis Show forest plot

2

509

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.96 [0.82, 4.67]

6 Suspected necrotising enterocolitis Show forest plot

1

343

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.07 [0.49, 2.36]

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 5. Formula milk versus donor breast milk given as a supplement to maternal breast milk