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Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 1 Total UPDRS score change.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 1 Total UPDRS score change.

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 2 Motor UPDRS.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 2 Motor UPDRS.

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 3 Mental UPDRS.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.3

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 3 Mental UPDRS.

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 4 ADL UPDRS.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.4

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 4 ADL UPDRS.

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 5 Hoehn & Yahr.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.5

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 5 Hoehn & Yahr.

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 6 Schwab & England (investigator).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.6

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 6 Schwab & England (investigator).

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 7 severe viral infection.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.7

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 7 severe viral infection.

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 8 Pharyngitis.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.8

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 8 Pharyngitis.

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 9 Sinusitis.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.9

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 9 Sinusitis.

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 10 Flatulence.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.10

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 10 Flatulence.

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 11 Back pain.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.11

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 11 Back pain.

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 12 Coughing.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.12

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 12 Coughing.

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 13 Diarrhea.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.13

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 13 Diarrhea.

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 14 Fall.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.14

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 14 Fall.

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 15 Fatigue.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.15

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 15 Fatigue.

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 16 Hypercholesterolemia.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.16

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 16 Hypercholesterolemia.

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 17 Number of withdrawals due to adverse effects.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.17

Comparison 1 Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 17 Number of withdrawals due to adverse effects.

Comparison 2 Long‐term efficacy of Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 1 Total UPDRS score change.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.1

Comparison 2 Long‐term efficacy of Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 1 Total UPDRS score change.

Comparison 2 Long‐term efficacy of Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 2 Motor UPDRS.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.2

Comparison 2 Long‐term efficacy of Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 2 Motor UPDRS.

Comparison 2 Long‐term efficacy of Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 3 Mental UPDRS.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.3

Comparison 2 Long‐term efficacy of Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 3 Mental UPDRS.

Comparison 2 Long‐term efficacy of Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 4 ADL UPDRS.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.4

Comparison 2 Long‐term efficacy of Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 4 ADL UPDRS.

Comparison 2 Long‐term efficacy of Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 5 Hoehn & Yahr.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.5

Comparison 2 Long‐term efficacy of Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 5 Hoehn & Yahr.

Comparison 2 Long‐term efficacy of Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 6 Schwab & England (investigator).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.6

Comparison 2 Long‐term efficacy of Co Q10 versus placebo, Outcome 6 Schwab & England (investigator).

Comparison 1. Co Q10 versus placebo

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Total UPDRS score change Show forest plot

3

330

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.49 [‐0.64, 1.63]

1.1 300‐400mg/d VS Placebo

2

80

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.83 [‐0.97, 2.63]

1.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

50

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.60 [‐3.10, 4.31]

1.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

58

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.25 [‐2.18, 1.67]

1.4 2400mg/d VS Placebo

1

142

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.21 [‐1.64, 4.06]

2 Motor UPDRS Show forest plot

3

330

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.07 [‐0.71, 0.58]

2.1 300‐400mg/d VS Placebo

2

80

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.27 [‐0.99, 0.45]

2.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

50

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.89 [‐2.02, 3.81]

2.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

58

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.37 [‐2.31, 3.04]

2.4 2400mg/d VS Placebo

1

142

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.94 [‐1.17, 3.05]

3 Mental UPDRS Show forest plot

2

302

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.07 [‐0.30, 0.17]

3.1 300‐400mg/d VS Placebo

1

52

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.16 [‐0.65, 0.33]

3.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

50

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.13 [‐0.62, 0.37]

3.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

58

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.22 [‐0.67, 0.24]

3.4 2400mg/d VS Placebo

1

142

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.20 [‐0.24, 0.64]

4 ADL UPDRS Show forest plot

2

302

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.52 [‐1.15, 0.11]

4.1 300‐400mg/d VS Placebo

1

52

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.83 [‐2.31, 0.64]

4.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

50

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.29 [‐1.77, 1.19]

4.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

58

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐1.65 [‐3.01, ‐0.29]

4.4 2400mg/d VS Placebo

1

142

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.11 [‐0.87, 1.09]

5 Hoehn & Yahr Show forest plot

2

302

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.05 [‐0.05, 0.15]

5.1 300‐400mg/d VS Placebo

1

52

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.08 [‐0.11, 0.28]

5.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

50

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.05 [‐0.15, 0.25]

5.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

58

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.06 [‐0.12, 0.24]

5.4 2400mg/d VS Placebo

1

142

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.01 [‐0.20, 0.22]

6 Schwab & England (investigator) Show forest plot

2

302

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.30 [‐0.79, 1.39]

6.1 300‐400mg/d VS Placebo

1

52

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.27 [‐1.87, 2.41]

6.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

50

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.13 [‐2.28, 2.01]

6.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

58

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.22 [‐0.75, 3.19]

6.4 2400mg/d VS Placebo

1

142

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.60 [‐3.20, 2.00]

7 severe viral infection Show forest plot

2

211

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.55 [0.18, 1.68]

7.1 300mg/d VS Placebo

2

157

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.40 [0.10, 1.61]

7.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

25

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.86 [0.04, 18.45]

7.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

29

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.46 [0.08, 26.97]

8 Pharyngitis Show forest plot

1

80

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.04 [0.18, 5.89]

8.1 300mg/d VS Placebo

1

26

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.82 [0.04, 17.64]

8.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

25

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.86 [0.04, 18.45]

8.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

29

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.46 [0.08, 26.97]

9 Sinusitis Show forest plot

2

222

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.75 [0.30, 1.92]

9.1 300mg/d VS Placebo

1

26

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.36 [0.08, 24.76]

9.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

25

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

9.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

29

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.46 [0.08, 26.97]

9.4 2400mg/d VS Placebo

1

142

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.63 [0.21, 1.82]

10 Flatulence Show forest plot

1

80

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.26 [0.06, 1.04]

10.1 300mg/d VS Placebo

1

26

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.09 [0.00, 1.96]

10.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

25

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.5 [0.06, 4.47]

10.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

29

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.26 [0.02, 3.59]

11 Back pain Show forest plot

2

222

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.00 [0.43, 2.35]

11.1 300mg/d VS Placebo

1

26

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.48 [0.05, 4.27]

11.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

25

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.25 [0.02, 3.34]

11.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

29

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.04 [0.14, 7.70]

11.4 2400mg/d VS Placebo

1

142

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.5 [0.44, 5.09]

12 Coughing Show forest plot

2

222

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.53 [0.21, 1.36]

12.1 300mg/d VS Placebo

1

26

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.24 [0.02, 3.19]

12.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

25

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.25 [0.02, 3.34]

12.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

29

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.26 [0.02, 3.59]

12.4 2400mg/d VS Placebo

1

142

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.8 [0.22, 2.86]

13 Diarrhea Show forest plot

3

353

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.39 [0.62, 3.16]

13.1 300mg/d VS Placebo

2

157

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

3.51 [0.68, 18.19]

13.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

25

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.86 [0.04, 18.45]

13.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

29

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.46 [0.08, 26.97]

13.4 2400mg/d VS Placebo

1

142

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.83 [0.27, 2.61]

14 Fall Show forest plot

2

222

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.55 [0.22, 1.35]

14.1 300mg/d VS Placebo

1

26

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.71 [0.09, 5.51]

14.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

25

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.10 [0.00, 2.05]

14.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

29

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.26 [0.02, 3.59]

14.4 2400mg/d VS Placebo

1

142

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.8 [0.22, 2.86]

15 Fatigue Show forest plot

2

222

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.32 [0.12, 0.85]

15.1 300mg/d VS Placebo

1

26

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.48 [0.05, 4.27]

15.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

25

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.25 [0.02, 3.34]

15.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

29

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.10 [0.00, 2.13]

15.4 2400mg/d VS Placebo

1

142

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.38 [0.10, 1.36]

16 Hypercholesterolemia Show forest plot

2

223

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.14 [0.04, 0.44]

16.1 300mg/d VS Placebo

1

26

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.12 [0.01, 1.07]

16.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

26

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.05 [0.00, 0.99]

16.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

29

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.13 [0.01, 1.21]

16.4 2400mg/d VS Placebo

1

142

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.25 [0.03, 2.18]

17 Number of withdrawals due to adverse effects Show forest plot

4

381

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.61 [0.23, 1.62]

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 1. Co Q10 versus placebo
Comparison 2. Long‐term efficacy of Co Q10 versus placebo

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Total UPDRS score change Show forest plot

2

222

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.27 [‐2.61, 2.07]

1.1 300mg/d VS Placebo

1

26

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐3.18 [‐10.49, 4.13]

1.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

25

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐1.17 [‐8.50, 6.16]

1.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

29

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐5.3 [‐12.03, 1.43]

1.4 2400mg/d VS Placebo

1

142

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.21 [‐1.64, 4.06]

2 Motor UPDRS Show forest plot

2

222

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.33 [‐1.41, 2.06]

2.1 300mg/d VS Placebo

1

26

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.66 [‐6.09, 4.77]

2.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

25

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.07 [‐5.51, 5.37]

2.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

29

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐1.93 [‐6.92, 3.06]

2.4 2400mg/d VS Placebo

1

142

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.94 [‐1.17, 3.05]

3 Mental UPDRS Show forest plot

2

222

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.11 [‐0.44, 0.21]

3.1 300mg/d VS Placebo

1

26

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.36 [‐1.23, 0.51]

3.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

25

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.55 [‐1.42, 0.32]

3.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

29

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.57 [‐1.37, 0.23]

3.4 2400mg/d VS Placebo

1

142

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.20 [‐0.24, 0.64]

4 ADL UPDRS Show forest plot

2

222

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.45 [‐1.30, 0.40]

4.1 300mg/d VS Placebo

1

26

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐2.2 [‐5.20, 0.80]

4.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

25

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.72 [‐3.73, 2.29]

4.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

29

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐3.12 [‐5.88, ‐0.36]

4.4 2400mg/d VS Placebo

1

142

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.11 [‐0.87, 1.09]

5 Hoehn & Yahr Show forest plot

2

222

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.08 [‐0.04, 0.21]

5.1 300mg/d VS Placebo

1

26

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.14 [‐0.14, 0.42]

5.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

25

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.13 [‐0.15, 0.41]

5.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

29

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.11 [‐0.15, 0.37]

5.4 2400mg/d VS Placebo

1

142

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.01 [‐0.20, 0.22]

6 Schwab & England (investigator) Show forest plot

2

222

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.11 [‐0.75, 2.97]

6.1 300mg/d VS Placebo

1

26

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

3.09 [‐1.66, 7.84]

6.2 600mg/d VS Placebo

1

25

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.95 [‐3.82, 5.72]

6.3 1200mg/d VS Placebo

1

29

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

4.43 [0.05, 8.81]

6.4 2400mg/d VS Placebo

1

142

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.60 [‐3.20, 2.00]

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 2. Long‐term efficacy of Co Q10 versus placebo