Appendix 1. MEDLINE search strategy

Ovid MEDLINE ®<1946 to present>

1 Community Mental Health Services/ (18445)

2 Family Practice/ (64554)

3 Home Care Services/ (31605)

4 Physicians, Family/ (16018)

5 Physicians, Primary Care/ (2390)

6 Community Health Services/ or Community Pharmacy Services/ or Health Facilities/ or Health Facility Administration/ (48722)

7 Community Health Nursing/ or Home Health Nursing/ or Family Nursing/ (20786)

8 Community Health Workers/ (4341)

9 Preventive Health Services/ (12573)

10 Primary Health Care/ (66970)

11 Primary Prevention/ (17001)

12 Public Health/ (73592)

13 Rural Health Services/ (11374)

14 (primary care or general practi* or primary health or community mental health* or family practice or family medicine or family doctor or family physician* or home care or home based or home health* or community health* or community nurs* or health visit* or community pharmac* or preventive care or prevention program* or preventive service* or preventive health or primary prevention or public health or rural health or health promotion or health facilit*).ti,ab,kw. (501148)

15 ((guideline* or protocol*) adj4 (adher* or comply or complian* or observ*)).ti,ab,kw. (17656)

16 ((therap* or prescrib* or prescript* or diagnos*) adj2 (computer* or digital or electronic)).ti,ab,kw. (7316)

17 or/1‐16 (694330)

18 Cell Phones/ (7155)

19 Smartphone/ (1316)

20 MP3‐Player/ (167)

21 Computers, Handheld/ (3113)

22 ((cell* or mobile*) adj1 (phone* or telephone* or technolog* or device*)).ti,ab,kw. (13227)

23 (handheld or hand‐held).ti,ab,kw. (10039)

24 (smartphone* or smart‐phone* or cellphone* or mobiles).ti,ab,kw. (5650)

25 ((personal adj1 digital) or (PDA adj3 (device* or assistant*)) or MP3 player* or MP4 player*).ti,ab,kw. (1298)

26 (samsung or nokia).ti,ab,kw. (820)

27 (windows adj3 (mobile* or phone*)).ti,ab,kw. (43)

28 android.ti,ab,kw. (1548)

29 (ipad* or i‐pad* or ipod* or i‐pod* or iphone* or i‐phone*).ti,ab,kw. (1988)

30 (tablet* adj3 (device* or computer*)).ti,ab,kw. (1005)

31 Telemedicine/ or Telecommunications/ (21237)

32 Webcasts as topic/ (285)

33 Text Messaging/ (1703)

34 Telenursing/ (176)

35 (mhealth or m‐health or "mobile health" or ehealth or e‐health or "electronic health" or "digital health" or uhealth or u‐health).ti,ab,kw. (15996)

36 (telemedicine or tele‐medicine or telehealth or tele‐health or telecare or tele‐care or telenursing or tele‐nursing or telepsychiatry or tele‐psychiatry or telemonitor* or tele‐monitor* or teleconsult* or tele‐consult* or telecounsel* or tele‐counsel* or telecoach* or tele‐coach*).ti,ab,kw. (13983)

37 (webcast* or web‐cast*).ti,ab,kw. (215)

38 (((text* or short or voice or multimedia or multi‐media or electronic or instant) adj1 messag*) or instant messenger).ti,ab,kw. (3479)

39 (texting or texted or texter* or ((sms or mms) adj (service* or messag*)) or interactive voice response* or IVR or voice call* or callback* or voice over internet or VOIP).ti,ab,kw. (2574)

40 (Facebook or Twitter or Whatsapp* or Skyp* or YouTube or "You Tube" or Google Hangout*).ti,ab,kw. (4127)

41 Mobile Applications/ (2289)

42 "mobile app*".ti,ab,kw. (1789)

43 Reminder Systems/ (3080)

44 (remind* adj3 (text* or system* or messag*)).ti,ab,kw. (1417)

45 Medical informatics/ or Medical informatics applications/ (12966)

46 Nursing informatics/ or Public health informatics/ (2477)

47 ((medical or clinical or health or healthcare or nurs*) adj3 informatics).ti,ab,kw. (5039)

48 Computer‐Assisted Instruction/ (11295)

49 ((interactive or computer‐assisted) adj1 (tutor* or technolog* or learn* or instruct* or software or communication)).ti,ab,kw. (2224)

50 or/18‐49 (108765)

51 sd.fs. (62984)

52 exp Vaccines/ec, st, sd [Economics, Standards, Supply & Distribution] (10442)

53 exp "Equipment and Supplies"/ec, sn, sd, td, ut [Economics, Statistics & Numerical Data, Supply & Distribution, Trends, Utilization] (50120)

54 (exp Therapeutic Uses/ec, st, sd or exp Pharmaceutical Preparations/ec, st, sd, ut) not Veterinary Drugs/ (47575)

55 pharmaceutical services/ or community pharmacy services/ or drug information services/ or pharmaceutical services, online/ or pharmacy service, hospital/ (25231)

56 hospital distribution systems/ or materials management, hospital/ or inventories, hospital/ or medication systems, hospital/ or product line management/ (9601)

57 ((commodit* or consumable* or stock or stocks or supply or supplies) adj3 (inventor* or level* or notif* or track* or count* or report* or chain or out or outs or manag* or order* or logistic* or system or systems or shortage* or manag* or monitor* or maintain* or maintenance or audit or auditing)).ti,ab,kw. (10270)

58 ((health or medical or medicines or vaccine* or drug or drugs or laborator* or diagnos*) adj3 (product* or supply or supplies or consumable* or commodit* or stock or stocks or stockout* or "stock out*" or shortage*)).ti,ab,kw. (34068)

59 health resources/ or clinical laboratory information systems/ or clinical pharmacy information systems/ or database management systems/ or hospital information systems/ or ambulatory care information systems/ or pharmacy administration/ or drug utilization/ or "drug utilization review"/ or drug storage/mt (57147)

60 or/51‐59 (272715)

61 17 and 50 and 60 (981)

62 limit 61 to yr="2000 ‐Current" (872)