Appendix 1. Search strategies

MEDLINE:

1. crohn disease/

2. (crohn* adj2 (disease* or enteritis)).mp.

3. (granulomatous adj2 colitis).mp.

4. (granulomatous adj2 enteritis).mp.

5. (regional adj2 enteritis).mp.

6. (granulomatous adj2 colitis).mp.

7. (regional adj2 ileitis).mp.

8. (terminal adj2 ileitis).mp.

9. ileocolitis.mp.

10. (regional adj2 enteritis).mp.

11. (regional adj2 ileitides).mp.

12. or/1‐11

13. adalimumab/ or (adalimumab or humira or (monoclonal adj2 antibod* adj2 D2E7) or trudexa or (d2e7 adj2 antibod*)).mp. or 331731‐18‐1.rn.

14. (biologics or (biologic adj2 drug*)).mp.

15. certolizumab pegol/ or ("cdp 870or cdp 870s" or cdp870 or cdp870s or certolizumab or cimzia or cimzias or "pegylated tumor necrosis factor alpha antibody Fab fragment*" or "pegylated tumour necrosis factor alpha antibody Fab fragment" or "pha 738144" or pha738144).mp. or 428863‐50‐7.rn.

16. golimumab or "cnto 148" or cnto148 or simponi).mp.

17. infliximab/ or ((monoclonal adj2 antibod* adj2 ca2) or avakine or inflectra or remicade or remsima or revellex or infliximab or "mab ca2" or (monoclonal adj2 antibod* adj2 ca2)).mp. or 170277‐31‐3.rn.

18. natalizumab/ or (natalizumab or "an 100226" or an100226 or antegren or tysabri).mp. or 189261‐10‐7.rn.

19. ustekinumab/ or ("cnto 1275" or "cnto‐1275" or cnto1275 or stelara or ustekinumab).mp. or (815610‐63‐0 or 949907‐93‐1).rn.

20. (vedolizumab or entyvio or "ldp 02" or ldp02 or "mln 0002" or "mln 02" or mln0002 or mln02).mp. or 943609‐66‐3.rn.

21. Anti‐Inflammatory Agents/

22. or/13‐21

23. 12 and 22

24. randomized controlled trial.pt.

25. controlled clinical trial.pt.

26. randomized.ab.

27. placebo.ab.

28. drug therapy.fs.

29. randomly.ab.

30. trial.ab.

31. groups.ab.

32. or/23‐31

33. exp animals/ not humans.sh.

34. 33 not 32

35. 23 and 34

EMBASE:

1. crohn disease/ or colon crohn disease/

2. (crohn* adj2 (disease* or enteritis)).mp.

3. (granulomatous adj2 colitis).mp.

4. (granulomatous adj2 enteritis).mp.

5. (regional adj2 enteritis).mp.

6. (granulomatous adj2 colitis).mp.

7. (regional adj2 ileitis).mp.

8. (terminal adj2 ileitis).mp.

9. ileocolitis.mp.

10. (regional adj2 enteritis).mp.

11. (regional adj2 ileitides).mp.

12. or/1‐11

13. adalimumab/ or (adalimumab or humira or (monoclonal adj2 antibod* adj2 D2E7) or trudexa or (d2e7 adj2 antibod*)).mp. or 331731‐18‐1.rn.

14. (biologics or (biologic adj2 drug*)).mp.

15. certolizumab pegol/ or ("cdp 870or cdp 870s" or cdp870 or cdp870s or certolizumab or cimzia or cimzias or "pegylated tumor necrosis factor alpha antibody Fab fragment*" or "pegylated tumour necrosis factor alpha antibody Fab fragment" or "pha 738144" or pha738144).mp. or 428863‐50‐7.rn. [****EMBASE since 2004****]

16. golimumab/

17. (golimumab or "cnto 148" or cnto148 or simponi).mp.

18. infliximab/ or ((monoclonal adj2 antibod* adj2 ca2) or avakine or inflectra or remicade or remsima or revellex or infliximab or "mab ca2" or (monoclonal adj2 antibod* adj2 ca2)).mp. or 170277‐31‐3.rn.

19. natalizumab/ or (natalizumab or "an 100226" or an100226 or antegren or tysabri).mp. or 189261‐10‐7.rn.

20. ustekinumab/ or ("cnto 1275" or "cnto‐1275" or cnto1275 or stelara or ustekinumab).mp. or (815610‐63‐0 or 949907‐93‐1).rn.

21. vedolizumab/ or (entyvio or "ldp 02" or ldp02 or "mln 0002" or "mln 02" or mln0002 or mln02).mp. or 943609‐66‐3.rn.

22. or/13‐21

23. 12 and 22

24. randomized controlled trial/

25. double‐blind procedure/

26. single‐blind procedure/

27. crossover‐procedure/

28. random*.ti,ab,kw.

29. factorial*.ti,ab,kw.

30. crossover*.ti,ab,kw.

31. "cross over".ti,ab,kw.

32. "cross‐over*".ti,ab,kw.

33. placebo*.ti,ab,kw.

34. (doubl* adj5 blind*).ti,ab,kw.

35. (singl* adj5 blind*).ti,ab,kw.

36. assign*.ti,ab,kw.

37. allocat*.ti,ab,kw.

39. volunteer*.ti,ab,kw.

40. or/24‐39

41. 23 and 40

CENTRAL:

#1 MeSH descriptor: [Crohn Disease]

#2 crohn* near/2 (disease* or enteritis)

#3 granulomatous near/2 colitis

#4 granulomatous near/2 enteritis

#5 regional near/2 enteritis

#6 granulomatous near/2 colitis

#7 regional near/2 ileitis

#8 terminal near/2 ileitis

#9 ileocolitis

#10 regional near/2 enteritis

#11 regional near/2 ileitides

#12 #1 or #2 or #3 or #4 or #5 or #6 or #7 or #8 or #9 or #10 or #11

#13 MeSH descriptor: [Adalimumab] this term only

#14 adalimumab or humira or D2E7 or trudexa

#15 biologics

#16 biologic* near/2 (drug* or therap*)

#17 MeSH descriptor: [Certolizumab Pegol] this term only

#18 cdp 870 or cdp 870s or cdp870 or cdp870s or certolizumab or cimzia or cimzias or pha 738144 or pha738144

#19 MeSH descriptor: [Infliximab] this term only

#20 ca2 or avakine or inflectra or remicade or remsima or revellex or infliximab

#21 MeSH descriptor: [Natalizumab] this term only

#22 natalizumab or an 100226 or an100226 or antegren or tysabri

#23 MeSH descriptor: [Ustekinumab] this term only

#24 cnto 1275 or cnto‐1275 or cnto1275 or stelara or ustekinumab

#25 vedolizumab or entyvio or ldp 02 or ldp02 or mln 0002 or mln 02 or mln0002 or mln02

#26 #13 or #14 or #15 or #16 or #17 or #18 or #19 or #20 or #21 or #22 or #23 or #24 or #25

#27 #12 and #26

Keyword searches will be used to search the other electronic databases.