Appendix 1. MEDLINE search strategy

Ovid MEDLINE(R) 1946 to present

Strategy:

1. exp vitamin d/

2. vitamin d.tw.

3. vitamin d2.tw.

4. vitamin d3.tw.

5. exp Ergocalciferols/

6. ergocalciferol$.tw.

7. exp Cholecalciferol/

8. cholecalciferol.tw.

9. hydroxycholecalciferol.tw.

10. calcitriol.tw.

11. dihydroxyvitamin D3.tw.

12. alphacalcidol.tw.

13. Calcium, Dietary/ or Calcium/

14. calcium.tw.

15. Calcium carbonate/

16. Calcium citrate/

17. or/1‐16

18. exp Osteoporosis/

19. (bone adj3 loss).tw.

20. (bone adj3 mineral).tw.

21. bone mineral densit$.tw.

22. bmd.tw.

23. bmc.tw.

24. osteop$.tw.

25. Fractures, Bone/

26. exp Osteoporotic Fractures/

27. fractur$.tw.

28. or/18‐27

29. randomized controlled trial.pt.

30. controlled clinical trial.pt.

31. randomized.ab.

32. placebo.ab.

33. clinical trials as topic.sh.

34. randomly.ab.

35. trial.ti.

36. or/29‐35

37. exp animals/ not humans.sh.

38. 36 not 37