Appendix 1. CENTRAL search strategy

1. MeSH descriptor knee arthroplasty explode all trees

2. MeSH descriptor knee replacement explode all trees

3. knee*[tw] AND (arthroplast* OR implant* OR replace* OR prosthe* OR endoprosthe*):ti,ab

4. (patient specific$ or patient‐speci$).mp. [mp=ti, ab, rw, sh]

5. 1 OR 2 OR 3 OR 4

6. MeSH descriptor osteoarthritis explode all trees

7. MeSH descriptor arthritis explode all trees

8. osteoarthr*:ti,ab

9. arthrit*:ti,ab

10. arthralgia:ti,ab

11. rheuma*:ti,ab

12. 6 OR 7 OR 8 OR 9 OR 10 OR 11 OR 12

13. 5 and 13

Appendix 2. MEDLINE search strategy

1. Arthroplasty, Replacement, knee/

2. (knee prosthesis or knee replacement or knee arthroplast$).tw.

3. Patient‐specific cutting guides/

4. (patient specific$ or patient‐specific$).mp. [mp=ti, ab, rw, sh]

5. or/1‐4

6. exp Osteoarthritis/

7. (arthrit$ or arthrosis$ or osteoarthr$).tw.

8. 6 or 7

9. randomized controlled trial.pt.

10. controlled clinical trial.pt.

11. randomized.ab.

12. placebo.ab.

13. clinical trials as topic.sh.

14. randomly.ab.

15. trial.ti.

16. 9 or 10 or 11 or 12 or 13 or 14 or 15

17. exp animals/ not humans.sh.

18. 16 not 17

19. 5 and 8 and 18

Appendix 3. EMBASE search strategy

1. exp knee arthroplasty/

2. knee/su [Surgery]

3. (knee adj3 (arthropl$ or pros$ or surg$ or replac$)).ti,ab.

4. (patient specific$ or patient‐specific$).mp. [mp=ti, ab, rw, sh]

5. or/1‐4

6. exp Arthritis/

7. arthrit$.tw.

8. osteoarthr$.tw.

9. coxarthrosis.tw.

10. arthralgia.tw.

11. rheuma$.tw.

12. or/6‐11

13. exp knee/

14. exp knee joint/

15. knee$.tw.

16. or/13‐15

17. 12 and 16

18. exp knee Osteoarthritis/

19. exp knee Arthritis/

20. or/17‐19

21. randomized controlled trial.pt.

22. controlled clinical trial.pt.

23. randomized.ab.

24. placebo.ab.

25. clinical trials as topic.sh.

26. randomly.ab.

27. trial.ti.

28. 21 or 22 or 23 or 24 or 25 or 26 or 27

29. exp human/

30. 5 and 20 and 28 and 29