Intervenciones con música para la ansiedad preoperatoria
Appendices
Appendix 1. Search strategy for CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library
#1 MeSH descriptor Anxiety explode all trees
#2 MeSH descriptor Stress, Psychological explode all trees
#3 MeSH descriptor Panic explode all trees
#4 MeSH descriptor Fear explode all trees
#5 (anxiety near (reduct* or alleviat*))
#6 anxiety:ti,ab
#7 sedation or sedative
#8 (anxioly* or stress or distress or fear):ti,ab
#9 (#1 OR #2 OR #3 OR #4 OR #5 OR #6 OR #7 OR #8)
#10 surgery or surgical or preoperative
#11 MeSH descriptor Surgical Procedures, Operative explode all trees
#12 MeSH descriptor Preoperative Care explode all trees
#13 (#10 OR #11 OR #12)
#14 (#9 AND #13)
#15 MeSH descriptor Anti‐Anxiety Agents explode all trees
#16 MeSH descriptor Conscious Sedation explode all trees
#17 MeSH descriptor Analgesia explode all trees
#18 (#15 OR #16 OR #17)
#19 (#14 OR #18)
#20 MeSH descriptor Music explode all trees
#21 MeSH descriptor Music Therapy explode all trees
#22 (music near compos*)
#23 music near rhythm*
#24 music* or melod*
#25 singing or sing or song or songs or improvis*
#26 (#20 OR #21 OR #22 OR #23 OR #24 OR #25)
#27 (#19 AND #26)
Appendix 2. MEDLINE search strategy (OvidSP)
1 exp anxiety/
2 Stress, Physiological/ or Stress, Psychological/
3 exp panic/ or exp fear/
4 (anxiety adj5 (reduct$ or alleviat$)).tw.
5 anxiety.ab.
6 (sedation or sedative).tw.
7 (anxioly$ or stress or distress or fear).ab.
8 or/1‐7
9 (surgery or surgical or preoperative).tw.
10 exp surgery/
11 exp Preoperative Care/
12 or/9‐11
13 8 and 12
14 exp Anti‐Anxiety Agents/
15 exp Conscious Sedation/
16 exp analgesia/
17 or/14‐16
18 13 or 17
19 exp music/
20 exp music therapy/
21 (music adj5 compos$).tw.
22 (music adj5 rhythm$).tw.
23 (music$ or melod$).tw.
24 (singing or sing or song or songs or improvis$).tw.
25 or/19‐24
26 randomized controlled trial.pt.
27 controlled clinical trial.pt.
28 randomized.ab.
29 placebo.ab.
30 clinical trials as topic.sh.
31 randomly.ab.
32 trial.ti.
33 or/26‐32
34 humans.sh.
35 33 and 34
36 18 and 25 and 35
Appendix 3. EMBASE search strategy (OvidSP)
1 exp Anxiety/
2 exp Stress/
3 exp Panic/
4 exp Fear/
5 (anxiety adj5 (reduct$ or alleviat$)).mp.
6 anxiety.ab.
7 (sedation or sedative).mp.
8 (anxioly$ or s! tress or distress or fear).ab.
9 or/1‐8
10 (surgery or surgical or preoperative).mp.
11 exp surgery/
12 exp Preoperative Care/
13 or/10‐12
14 13 and 9
15 exp Anxiolytic Agent/
16 exp Conscious Sedation/
17 exp Analgesia/
18 or/15‐17
19 18 or 14
20 exp Music Therapy/ or exp Music/
21 (music adj5 compos$).mp.
22 (music adj5 rhythm$).mp.
23 (music$ or melod$).mp.
24 (singing or sing or song or songs or improvis$).mp.
25 or/20‐24
26 25 and 19
27 (RANDOMIZED‐CONTROLLED‐TRIAL/ or RANDOMIZATION/ or CONTROLLED‐STUDY/ or MULTICENTER‐STUDY/ or PHASE‐3‐CLINICAL‐TRIAL/ or PHASE‐4‐CLINICAL‐TRIAL/ or DOUBLE‐BLIND‐PROCEDURE/ or SINGL! E‐BLIND‐PROCEDURE/ or (RANDOM* or CROSS?OVER* or FACTORIAL* or PLACEBO* or VOLUNTEER* or ((SINGL* or DOUBL* or TREBL* or TRIPL*) adj3 (BLIND* or MASK*))).ti,ab.) and human*.ec,hw,fs.
28 27 and 26
Appendix 4. CINAHL search strategy (EBSCOhost)
S1 MJ anxiety
S2 MJ Stress
S3 MJ panic
S4 MJ fear
S5 (anxiety and (reduct* or alleviat*))
S6 AB anxiety
S7 sedation or sedative
S8 AB anxioly* or stress or distress or fear
S9 S8 or S7 or S6 or S5 or S4 or S3 or S2 or S1
S10 surgery or surgical or preoperative
S11 MJ surgery
S12 MJ Preoperative Care
S13 S12 or S11 or S10
S14 S13 and S9
S15 MW AntiAnxiety Agents
S16 MJ Conscious Sedation
S17 MJ analgesia
S18 S17 or S16 or S15
S19 S18 or S14
S20 MJ music
S21 MJ music therapy
S22 music and compos*
S23 music and rhythm*
S24 music* or melod*
S25 singing or sing or song or songs or improvis*
S26 S25 or S24 or S23 or S22 or S21 or S20
S27 S26 and S19
Appendix 5. PsycINFO search strategy (OvidSP)
1 exp anxiety/
2 exp Stress/
3 exp panic/ or exp fear/
4 (anxiety adj5 (reduct$ or alleviat$)).tw.
5 anxiety.ab.
6 (sedation or sedative).tw.
7 (anxioly$ or stress or distress or fear).ab.
8 or/1‐7
9 (surgery or surgical or preoperative).tw.
10 exp surgery/
11 exp Surgical Patients/
12 or/9‐11
13 8 and 12
14 exp Tranquilizing Drugs/
15 exp Sedatives/
16 exp Analgesia/
17 (conscious adj5 sedation).tw.
18 or/14‐17
19 13 or 18
20 exp music/
21 exp music therapy/
22 (music adj5 compos$).tw.
23 (music adj5 rhythm$).tw.
24 (music$ or melod$).tw.
25 (singing or sing or song or songs or improvis$).tw.
26 or/20‐25
27 empirical study.md.
28 followup study.md.
29 longitudinal study.md.
30 prospective study.md.
31 quantitative study.md.
32 "2000".md.
33 treatment effectiveness evaluation/
34 exp hypothesis testing/
35 repeated measures/
36 exp experimental design/
37 placebo$.ti,ab.
38 random$.ti,ab.
39 (clin$ adj25 trial$).ti,ab.
40 ((singl$ or doubl$ or trebl$ or tripl$) adj (blind$ or mask$)).ti,ab.
41 or/27‐40
42 26 and 19 and 41
43 limit 42 to human
Appendix 6. LILACS search strategy (Virtual Health Library)
music [Words] and preoperative [Words]
music [Words] and surgery [Words]
music [Words] and surgical [Words]
music [Words] and presurgical [Words]
music [Words] and sedation [Words]
music [Words] and sedative [Words]
Appendix 7. AMED search strategy (OvidSP)
1 exp anxiety/
2 exp Stress psychological/
3 exp panic/ or exp fear/
4 (anxiety adj5 (reduct$ or alleviat$)).tw.
5 anxiety.ab.
6 (sedation or sedative).tw.
7 (anxioly$ or stress or distress or fear).ab.
8 or/1‐7
9 (surgery or surgical or preoperative).tw.
10 exp surgery/
11 exp Preoperative Care/
12 or/9‐11
13 8 and 12
14 Anti‐Anxiety Agents.mp.
15 Conscious Sedation.tw.
16 exp analgesia/
17 16 or 15 or 14
18 13 or 17
19 exp music/
20 exp music therapy/
21 (music adj5 compos$).tw.
22 (music adj5 rhythm$).tw.
23 (music$ or melod$).tw.
24 (singing or sing or song or songs or improvis$).tw.
25 or/19‐24
26 randomized controlled trial.pt.
27 controlled clinical trial.pt.
28 randomized.ab.
29 placebo.ab.
30 exp Clinical trials/
31 trial.ti.
32 trial.ti.
33 or/26‐32
34 humans.sh.
35 33 and 34
36 18 and 25 and 35
Appendix 8. Social Science Citation Index search strategy (ISI)
#1 TS = anxiety or TS=stress or TS=(panic or fear) or TS=(anxiety SAME (reduct* OR alleviat*)) or TS = (sedation OR sedative) or TS = (anxioly* OR distress)
#2 TS = (surgery or surgical or preoperative) or TS=(preoperative care)
#3 #1 and #2
#4 TS = (anti‐anxiety agents) or TS=(Conscious Sedation) or TS = (analgesia or analgesic*)
#5 #4 or #3
#6 TS = music or TS = (music therapy) or TS = (music SAME compos$) or TS = (music SAME rhythm*) or TS = (music* or melod*) or TS = (singing or sing or song or songs or improvis*)
#7 #6 and #5
#8 TS=(random allocation) or TS=(controlled clinical trial$) or TS=(randomized controlled trial$) or TS=(double blind method$) or TS=(single‐blind method$) or TS=(Clinical trial$) or TS=placebo$ or TS=random$ or TS=(comparative study) or TS=(evaluation studies) or TS=(follow up studies) or TS=(prospective studies) or TS=(control$ or prospectiv$ or volunteer$)
#9 #8 and #7
Appendix 9. The specialist music therapy research database search strategy
Research database is no longer functional. Archives of research reports, dissertations and conference proceedings were handsearched.
Appendix 10. CAIRSS for Music search strategy (Webvoyage)
(stress anxiety)[ in Keyword Anywhere ]AND(surgery surgical preoperative pre operative presurgical pre surgical sedative sedation)[ in Keyword Anywhere ]
Appendix 11. Proquest Digital Dissertations search strategy
("music therapy") AND (stress) AND (preoperative) OR (surgery)
cabs(music therapy) AND cabs(conscious sedation)
cabs(music therapy) AND (cabs(analgesic) OR cabs(sedation) OR cabs(sedative)) AND cabs(surgery)
cabs(music therapy) AND cabs(anxiety) AND (cabs(surgical) OR cabs(preoperative))
(cabs(song) OR cabs(singing) OR cabs(sing)) AND cabs(analgesia)
(cabs(listening) OR cabs(improvisation)) AND cabs(analgesia)
(cabs(listening) OR (improvisation)) AND cabs(anxiety) AND (cabs(preoperative) OR cabs(surgery))
(cabs(listening) OR cabs(improvisation)) AND (cabs(sedation) OR cabs(sedative))
(cabs(singing) OR cabs(sing) OR cabs(song)) AND (cabs(sedation) OR cabs(sedative))
(cabs(singing) OR cabs(sing) OR cabs(song)) AND cabs(conscious sedation)
(singing) OR (sing) OR (song) AND (preoperative) OR (surgery)
cabs(music) AND (cabs(anti anxiety agents) OR cabs(conscious sedation))
cabs(music) AND cabs(conscious sedation)
(music) AND ("preoperative") OR (surgery) AND (sedation) OR (sedative)
cabs(music) AND cabs(conscious sedation)
(music) AND cabs((anti anxiety agents OR conscious sedation))
(music)AND (anxiety) AND (preoperative) OR (surgery)
(music) AND (anxieties) OR (anti anxiety agent) OR (conscious sedation)
Appendix 12. ClinicalTrials.gov search strategy
Music
Appendix 13. Current Controlled Trials search strategy
Music
Appendix 14. National Research Register search strategy
Music and anxiety
Music and stress
Funnel plot of comparison: 1 Music versus standard care, outcome: 1.1 State Anxiety STAI.
Excluded Study flow diagram.
Risk of bias summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study.
Risk of bias graph: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies.
Comparison 1 Music versus standard care, Outcome 1 State anxiety STAI).
Comparison 1 Music versus standard care, Outcome 2 Anxiety (non‐STAI).
Comparison 1 Music versus standard care, Outcome 3 Heart rate.
Comparison 1 Music versus standard care, Outcome 4 Heart rate variability ‐ LF/HF ratio.
Comparison 1 Music versus standard care, Outcome 5 Systolic blood pressure.
Comparison 1 Music versus standard care, Outcome 6 Diastolic blood pressure.
Comparison 1 Music versus standard care, Outcome 7 Respiratory rate.
| Patient or population: patients with preoperative anxiety | ||||||
| Outcomes | Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI) | Relative effect | No of Participants | Quality of the evidence | Comments | |
| Assumed risk | Corresponding risk | |||||
| Standard care | Music | |||||
| Preoperative anxiety (STAI) | The mean preoperative anxiety (stai) ranged across control groups from | The mean preoperative anxiety (stai) in the intervention groups was | 896 | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ | ||
| Preoperative anxiety (non‐STAI) | The mean preoperative anxiety (non‐stai) in the intervention groups was | 504 | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ | |||
| Heart rate | The mean heart rate ranged across control groups from | The mean heart rate in the intervention groups was | 1109 | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ | ||
| Heart rate variability | The mean heart rate variability ranged across control groups from | The mean heart rate variability in the intervention groups was | 241 | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ | ||
| Systolic blood pressure | The mean systolic blood pressure ranged across control groups from | The mean systolic blood pressure in the intervention groups was | 809 | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ | ||
| Diastolic blood pressure | The mean diastolic blood pressure ranged across control groups from | The mean diastolic blood pressure in the intervention groups was | 786 | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ | ||
| Respiratory rate | The mean respiratory rate ranged across control groups from | The mean respiratory rate in the intervention groups was | 375 | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ | ||
| *The basis for the assumed risk (e.g. the median control group risk across studies) is provided in footnotes. The corresponding risk (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). | ||||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence | ||||||
| 1 The majority of the trials were assessed as high risk of bias studies | ||||||
| Outcome or subgroup title | No. of studies | No. of participants | Statistical method | Effect size |
| 1 State anxiety STAI) Show forest plot | 13 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 1.1 All studies | 13 | 896 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | ‐5.72 [‐7.27, ‐4.17] |
| 1.2 Adequate randomization | 4 | 435 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | ‐5.76 [‐7.94, ‐3.57] |
| 2 Anxiety (non‐STAI) Show forest plot | 7 | Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 2.1 All studies | 7 | 504 | Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | ‐0.60 [‐0.90, ‐0.31] |
| 2.2 Adequate randomization | 3 | 182 | Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | ‐0.41 [‐0.71, ‐0.12] |
| 3 Heart rate Show forest plot | 16 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 3.1 All studies | 16 | 1109 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | ‐2.77 [‐4.76, ‐0.78] |
| 3.2 Adequate randomization | 6 | 525 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | ‐2.44 [‐5.95, 1.07] |
| 4 Heart rate variability ‐ LF/HF ratio Show forest plot | 2 | 241 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | ‐0.37 [‐1.16, 0.42] |
| 5 Systolic blood pressure Show forest plot | 14 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 5.1 All studies | 14 | 809 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | ‐4.82 [‐12.13, 2.49] |
| 5.2 Adequate randomization | 5 | 424 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | ‐5.80 [‐18.96, 7.36] |
| 6 Diastolic blood pressure Show forest plot | 13 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 6.1 All studies | 13 | 786 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | ‐2.37 [‐4.03, ‐0.71] |
| 6.2 Adequate randomization | 5 | 424 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | ‐2.74 [‐5.65, 0.17] |
| 7 Respiratory rate Show forest plot | 6 | 375 | Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.97 [0.82, 1.11] |
