Combined intermittent pneumatic leg compression and pharmacological prophylaxis for prevention of venous thromboembolism in high‐risk patients

Stavros K Kakkos; Joseph A Caprini; George Geroulakos; Andrew N Nicolaides; Gerard Stansby; Daniel J Reddy

doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005258.pub2

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Figure 1

Funnel plot of comparison: 1 Compression + anticoagulant versus compression, outcome: 1.1 Incidence of PE in the treatment and control groups.

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Figure 2

Funnel plot of comparison: 1 Compression + anticoagulant versus compression, outcome: 1.2 Incidence of DVT in the treatment and control groups.

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Figure 3

Funnel plot of comparison: 2 Compression + anticoagulant versus anticoagulant, outcome: 2.2 Incidence of DVT in the treatment and control groups.

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Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 Compression + anticoagulant versus compression, Outcome 1 Incidence of PE in the treatment and control groups.

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Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 Compression + anticoagulant versus compression, Outcome 2 Incidence of DVT in the treatment and control groups.

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Analysis 2.1

Comparison 2 Compression + anticoagulant versus anticoagulant, Outcome 1 Incidence of PE in the treatment and control groups.

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Analysis 2.2

Comparison 2 Compression + anticoagulant versus anticoagulant, Outcome 2 Incidence of DVT in the treatment and control groups.

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Analysis 3.1

Comparison 3 Compression + anticoagulant versus compression + aspirin, Outcome 1 Incidence of PE in the treatment and control groups.

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Analysis 3.2

Comparison 3 Compression + anticoagulant versus compression + aspirin, Outcome 2 Incidence of DVT in the treatment and control groups.

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Analysis 4.1

Comparison 4 RCTs on compression + anticoagulant versus compression, Outcome 1 Incidence of PE in the treatment and control groups.

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Analysis 4.2

Comparison 4 RCTs on compression + anticoagulant versus compression, Outcome 2 Incidence of DVT in the treatment and control groups.

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Analysis 5.1

Comparison 5 RCTs on compression + anticoagulant versus anticoagulant, Outcome 1 Incidence of PE in the treatment and control groups.

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Analysis 5.2

Comparison 5 RCTs on compression + anticoagulant versus anticoagulant, Outcome 2 Incidence of DVT in the treatment and control groups.

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Analysis 6.1

Comparison 6 RCTs on compression + anticoagulant versus compression + aspirin, Outcome 1 Incidence of PE in the treatment and control groups.

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Analysis 6.2

Comparison 6 RCTs on compression + anticoagulant versus compression + aspirin, Outcome 2 Incidence of DVT in the treatment and control groups.

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Comparison 1. Compression + anticoagulant versus compression

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Incidence of PE in the treatment and control groups Show forest plot	6	4755	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.39 [0.25, 0.63]

2 Incidence of DVT in the treatment and control groups Show forest plot	4	2136	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.43 [0.24, 0.76]

Comparison 1. Compression + anticoagulant versus compression

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Comparison 2. Compression + anticoagulant versus anticoagulant

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Incidence of PE in the treatment and control groups Show forest plot	3	390	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

2 Incidence of DVT in the treatment and control groups Show forest plot	4	2193	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.16 [0.07, 0.34]

Comparison 2. Compression + anticoagulant versus anticoagulant

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Comparison 3. Compression + anticoagulant versus compression + aspirin

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Incidence of PE in the treatment and control groups Show forest plot	3	605	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.33 [0.03, 3.19]

2 Incidence of DVT in the treatment and control groups Show forest plot	3	605	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.83 [0.48, 1.42]

Comparison 3. Compression + anticoagulant versus compression + aspirin

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Comparison 4. RCTs on compression + anticoagulant versus compression

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Incidence of PE in the treatment and control groups Show forest plot	3	3978	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.39 [0.24, 0.64]

2 Incidence of DVT in the treatment and control groups Show forest plot	2	1427	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.44 [0.23, 0.82]

Comparison 4. RCTs on compression + anticoagulant versus compression

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Comparison 5. RCTs on compression + anticoagulant versus anticoagulant

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Incidence of PE in the treatment and control groups Show forest plot	1	131	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

2 Incidence of DVT in the treatment and control groups Show forest plot	2	1934	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.13 [0.05, 0.35]

Comparison 5. RCTs on compression + anticoagulant versus anticoagulant

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Comparison 6. RCTs on compression + anticoagulant versus compression + aspirin

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Incidence of PE in the treatment and control groups Show forest plot	2	405	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.33 [0.03, 3.17]

2 Incidence of DVT in the treatment and control groups Show forest plot	2	405	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.81 [0.50, 1.33]

Comparison 6. RCTs on compression + anticoagulant versus compression + aspirin

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