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Comparison 1 Family interventions versus No intervention, Outcome 1 No recovery at end of study.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 Family interventions versus No intervention, Outcome 1 No recovery at end of study.

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Comparison 1 Family interventions versus No intervention, Outcome 2 No significant clinical improvement.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 Family interventions versus No intervention, Outcome 2 No significant clinical improvement.

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Comparison 1 Family interventions versus No intervention, Outcome 4 Patients' total symptoms post‐treatment (SCL‐90).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.4

Comparison 1 Family interventions versus No intervention, Outcome 4 Patients' total symptoms post‐treatment (SCL‐90).

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Comparison 1 Family interventions versus No intervention, Outcome 5 Positive relationship within the family (high score=more positive).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.5

Comparison 1 Family interventions versus No intervention, Outcome 5 Positive relationship within the family (high score=more positive).

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Comparison 1 Family interventions versus No intervention, Outcome 6 Negative relationship within the family (low score=more positive).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.6

Comparison 1 Family interventions versus No intervention, Outcome 6 Negative relationship within the family (low score=more positive).

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Comparison 1 Family interventions versus No intervention, Outcome 7 Medication compliance.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.7

Comparison 1 Family interventions versus No intervention, Outcome 7 Medication compliance.

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Comparison 1 Family interventions versus No intervention, Outcome 8 Patients anxiety post‐treatment (Trait Anxiety Inventory).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.8

Comparison 1 Family interventions versus No intervention, Outcome 8 Patients anxiety post‐treatment (Trait Anxiety Inventory).

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Comparison 1 Family interventions versus No intervention, Outcome 9 Patients' anxiety post‐treatment (subscale SCL‐90).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.9

Comparison 1 Family interventions versus No intervention, Outcome 9 Patients' anxiety post‐treatment (subscale SCL‐90).

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Comparison 1 Family interventions versus No intervention, Outcome 10 Dropouts at end of study.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.10

Comparison 1 Family interventions versus No intervention, Outcome 10 Dropouts at end of study.

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Comparison 2 Psychoeducation for caregivers versus No intervention, Outcome 1 Positive relationship within the family (high score=more positive).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.1

Comparison 2 Psychoeducation for caregivers versus No intervention, Outcome 1 Positive relationship within the family (high score=more positive).

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Comparison 2 Psychoeducation for caregivers versus No intervention, Outcome 2 Negative relationship within the family (low score=more positive).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.2

Comparison 2 Psychoeducation for caregivers versus No intervention, Outcome 2 Negative relationship within the family (low score=more positive).

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Comparison 3 Marital psychoeducation for partners versus No intervention, Outcome 1 Patients' total symptoms post‐treatment (SCL‐90).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.1

Comparison 3 Marital psychoeducation for partners versus No intervention, Outcome 1 Patients' total symptoms post‐treatment (SCL‐90).

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Comparison 3 Marital psychoeducation for partners versus No intervention, Outcome 2 No medication compliance.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.2

Comparison 3 Marital psychoeducation for partners versus No intervention, Outcome 2 No medication compliance.

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Comparison 3 Marital psychoeducation for partners versus No intervention, Outcome 3 Patients anxiety post‐treatment (Trait Anxiety Inventory).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.3

Comparison 3 Marital psychoeducation for partners versus No intervention, Outcome 3 Patients anxiety post‐treatment (Trait Anxiety Inventory).

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Comparison 3 Marital psychoeducation for partners versus No intervention, Outcome 4 Patients' anxiety post‐treatment (subscale SCL‐90).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.4

Comparison 3 Marital psychoeducation for partners versus No intervention, Outcome 4 Patients' anxiety post‐treatment (subscale SCL‐90).

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Comparison 3 Marital psychoeducation for partners versus No intervention, Outcome 5 Dropouts.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 3.5

Comparison 3 Marital psychoeducation for partners versus No intervention, Outcome 5 Dropouts.

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Comparison 4 Multifamily psychoeducation group intervention versus No intervention, Outcome 1 No recovery for all patients.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 4.1

Comparison 4 Multifamily psychoeducation group intervention versus No intervention, Outcome 1 No recovery for all patients.

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Comparison 4 Multifamily psychoeducation group intervention versus No intervention, Outcome 2 No recovery for patients with mania.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 4.2

Comparison 4 Multifamily psychoeducation group intervention versus No intervention, Outcome 2 No recovery for patients with mania.

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Comparison 4 Multifamily psychoeducation group intervention versus No intervention, Outcome 3 Dropouts.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 4.3

Comparison 4 Multifamily psychoeducation group intervention versus No intervention, Outcome 3 Dropouts.

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Comparison 5 Couples psychoeducation for patient + partner versus No intervention, Outcome 1 Dropouts.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 5.1

Comparison 5 Couples psychoeducation for patient + partner versus No intervention, Outcome 1 Dropouts.

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Comparison 6 Problem centered systems therapy for the family versus Multifamily psychoeducational group therapy, Outcome 1 No recovery at end of study (28 months).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 6.1

Comparison 6 Problem centered systems therapy for the family versus Multifamily psychoeducational group therapy, Outcome 1 No recovery at end of study (28 months).

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Comparison 6 Problem centered systems therapy for the family versus Multifamily psychoeducational group therapy, Outcome 2 Dropouts.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 6.2

Comparison 6 Problem centered systems therapy for the family versus Multifamily psychoeducational group therapy, Outcome 2 Dropouts.

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Comparison 7 Family intervention versus Individual intervention (subgroup analysis), Outcome 1 Relapse rates.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 7.1

Comparison 7 Family intervention versus Individual intervention (subgroup analysis), Outcome 1 Relapse rates.

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Comparison 7 Family intervention versus Individual intervention (subgroup analysis), Outcome 2 Rehospitalisation.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 7.2

Comparison 7 Family intervention versus Individual intervention (subgroup analysis), Outcome 2 Rehospitalisation.

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Comparison 7 Family intervention versus Individual intervention (subgroup analysis), Outcome 3 Medication compliance (high score is better).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 7.3

Comparison 7 Family intervention versus Individual intervention (subgroup analysis), Outcome 3 Medication compliance (high score is better).

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Comparison 7 Family intervention versus Individual intervention (subgroup analysis), Outcome 4 Dropouts.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 7.4

Comparison 7 Family intervention versus Individual intervention (subgroup analysis), Outcome 4 Dropouts.

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Comparison 8 Crisis management versus Family focused therapy (subgroup analysis), Outcome 1 Relapse.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 8.1

Comparison 8 Crisis management versus Family focused therapy (subgroup analysis), Outcome 1 Relapse.

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Comparison 8 Crisis management versus Family focused therapy (subgroup analysis), Outcome 2 Medication compliance (high is better).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 8.2

Comparison 8 Crisis management versus Family focused therapy (subgroup analysis), Outcome 2 Medication compliance (high is better).

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Comparison 8 Crisis management versus Family focused therapy (subgroup analysis), Outcome 3 Dropouts.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 8.3

Comparison 8 Crisis management versus Family focused therapy (subgroup analysis), Outcome 3 Dropouts.

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Comparison 1. Family interventions versus No intervention

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 No recovery at end of study Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

1.1 all patients (28 months)

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

1.2 patients with mania (28 months)

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

2 No significant clinical improvement Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2.1 at post‐treatment

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

2.2 at 6 month follow‐up

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4 Patients' total symptoms post‐treatment (SCL‐90) Show forest plot

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

5 Positive relationship within the family (high score=more positive) Show forest plot

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

5.1 cohesion

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

5.2 expressiveness

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

6 Negative relationship within the family (low score=more positive) Show forest plot

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

6.1 conflict

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

7 Medication compliance Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

7.1 at end of study (12 months)

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

8 Patients anxiety post‐treatment (Trait Anxiety Inventory) Show forest plot

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

9 Patients' anxiety post‐treatment (subscale SCL‐90) Show forest plot

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

10 Dropouts at end of study Show forest plot

5

214

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.70 [0.43, 1.14]

10.1 at 6 months

1

45

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.5 [0.03, 7.45]

10.2 at 11 months

1

42

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.15 [0.02, 1.10]

10.3 at 12 months

1

39

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.66 [0.26, 1.66]

10.4 at 18 months

1

26

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.1 [0.22, 5.51]

10.5 at 28 months

1

62

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.05 [0.54, 2.07]
Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 1. Family interventions versus No intervention
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Comparison 2. Psychoeducation for caregivers versus No intervention

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Positive relationship within the family (high score=more positive) Show forest plot

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

1.1 cohesion

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

1.2 expressiveness

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

2 Negative relationship within the family (low score=more positive) Show forest plot

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2.1 conflict

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 2. Psychoeducation for caregivers versus No intervention
Ir a la tabla de la revisión
Comparison 3. Marital psychoeducation for partners versus No intervention

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Patients' total symptoms post‐treatment (SCL‐90) Show forest plot

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2 No medication compliance Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2.2 at end of study (12 months)

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3 Patients anxiety post‐treatment (Trait Anxiety Inventory) Show forest plot

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

4 Patients' anxiety post‐treatment (subscale SCL‐90) Show forest plot

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

5 Dropouts Show forest plot

1

39

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.54 [0.14, 2.08]
Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 3. Marital psychoeducation for partners versus No intervention
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Comparison 4. Multifamily psychoeducation group intervention versus No intervention

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 No recovery for all patients Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

1.1 at the end of study (28 months)

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

2 No recovery for patients with mania Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2.1 at the end of study (28 months)

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3 Dropouts Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

3.1 at month 6

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 4. Multifamily psychoeducation group intervention versus No intervention
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Comparison 5. Couples psychoeducation for patient + partner versus No intervention

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Dropouts Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected
Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 5. Couples psychoeducation for patient + partner versus No intervention
Ir a la tabla de la revisión
Comparison 6. Problem centered systems therapy for the family versus Multifamily psychoeducational group therapy

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 No recovery at end of study (28 months) Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

1.1 all patients

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

1.2 patients with mania

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

2 Dropouts Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2.1 at 6 months

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 6. Problem centered systems therapy for the family versus Multifamily psychoeducational group therapy
Ir a la tabla de la revisión
Comparison 7. Family intervention versus Individual intervention (subgroup analysis)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Relapse rates Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

1.1 at the end of treatment (12 months)

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

2 Rehospitalisation Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2.1 at the end of treatment (12 months)

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3 Medication compliance (high score is better) Show forest plot

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

3.1 at the end of study (24 months)

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4 Dropouts Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

4.1 at the end of study (24 months)

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 7. Family intervention versus Individual intervention (subgroup analysis)
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Comparison 8. Crisis management versus Family focused therapy (subgroup analysis)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Relapse Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

1.1 at the end of study (24 months)

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

2 Medication compliance (high is better) Show forest plot

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2.1 during the follow up

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3 Dropouts Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

3.1 before 6 months

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.2 at end of study (24 months)

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 8. Crisis management versus Family focused therapy (subgroup analysis)
Ir a la tabla de la revisión