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Forest plot of comparison: 1 Gonadotrophins versus placebo/no treatment for the treatment of idiopathic male subfertility, outcome: 1.2 Pregnancy rate per couple randomly assigned.
Figuras y tablas -
Figure 1

Forest plot of comparison: 1 Gonadotrophins versus placebo/no treatment for the treatment of idiopathic male subfertility, outcome: 1.2 Pregnancy rate per couple randomly assigned.

Forest plot of comparison: 1 Gonadotrophins versus placebo/no treatment for the treatment of idiopathic male subfertility, outcome: 1.3 Subgroup analysis: pregnancy rate per couple randomly assigned with no female factor.
Figuras y tablas -
Figure 2

Forest plot of comparison: 1 Gonadotrophins versus placebo/no treatment for the treatment of idiopathic male subfertility, outcome: 1.3 Subgroup analysis: pregnancy rate per couple randomly assigned with no female factor.

Methodological quality graph: review authors' judgements about each methodological quality item presented as percentages across all included studies.
Figuras y tablas -
Figure 3

Methodological quality graph: review authors' judgements about each methodological quality item presented as percentages across all included studies.

Methodological quality summary: review authors' judgements about each methodological quality item for each included study.
Figuras y tablas -
Figure 4

Methodological quality summary: review authors' judgements about each methodological quality item for each included study.

Forest plot of comparison: 1 Gonadotrophins versus placebo/no treatment for the treatment of idiopathic male subfertility, outcome: 1.1 live‐birth rate per couple randomly assigned.
Figuras y tablas -
Figure 5

Forest plot of comparison: 1 Gonadotrophins versus placebo/no treatment for the treatment of idiopathic male subfertility, outcome: 1.1 live‐birth rate per couple randomly assigned.

Comparison 1 Gonadotrophins versus placebo/no treatment for the treatment of idiopathic male subfertility, Outcome 1 Live birth rate per couple.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 Gonadotrophins versus placebo/no treatment for the treatment of idiopathic male subfertility, Outcome 1 Live birth rate per couple.

Comparison 1 Gonadotrophins versus placebo/no treatment for the treatment of idiopathic male subfertility, Outcome 2 Pregnancy rate per couple.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 Gonadotrophins versus placebo/no treatment for the treatment of idiopathic male subfertility, Outcome 2 Pregnancy rate per couple.

Comparison 1 Gonadotrophins versus placebo/no treatment for the treatment of idiopathic male subfertility, Outcome 3 Subgroup analysis: Pregnancy rate per couple with no female factor.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.3

Comparison 1 Gonadotrophins versus placebo/no treatment for the treatment of idiopathic male subfertility, Outcome 3 Subgroup analysis: Pregnancy rate per couple with no female factor.

Summary of findings for the main comparison. Gonadotrophins versus placebo/no treatment for the treatment of idiopathic male subfertility for idiopathic male factor subfertility

Gonadotrophins versus placebo/no treatment for the treatment of idiopathic male subfertility

Population: Men with idiopathic male factor subfertility

Setting: Assisted reproduction

Outcomes

Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI)

Relative effect
(95% CI)

No of participants
(studies)

Quality of the evidence
(GRADE)

Comments

Assumed risk

Corresponding risk

Placebo/no treatment for the treatment of idiopathic male subfertility

Gonadotrophins

Live birth rate per couple randomly assigned

0 per 1000

0 per 1000
(0 to 0)

OR 9.31
(1.17 to 73.75)

30
(1 study)

⊕⊝⊝⊝
very low1,2

Spontaneous pregnancy rate per couple randomly assigned

14 per 1000

67 per 1000
(30 to 142)

OR 4.94
(2.13 to 11.44)

412
(5 studies)

⊕⊕⊕⊝
moderate3

*The basis for the assumed risk is the median control group risk across studies. The corresponding risk (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI).
CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio.

GRADE Working Group grades of evidence:
High quality: Further research is very unlikely to change our confidence in the estimate of effect.
Moderate quality: Further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and may change the estimate.
Low quality: Further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and is likely to change the estimate.
Very low quality: We are very uncertain about the estimate.

1Authors did not report on allocation concealment.
2Only one included trial (i.e. inconsistency cannot be assessed).
3All trials suffered from at least one potential risk of bias.

Figuras y tablas -
Summary of findings for the main comparison. Gonadotrophins versus placebo/no treatment for the treatment of idiopathic male subfertility for idiopathic male factor subfertility
Comparison 1. Gonadotrophins versus placebo/no treatment for the treatment of idiopathic male subfertility

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Live birth rate per couple Show forest plot

1

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

1.1 Live birth rate per couple

1

30

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

9.31 [1.17, 73.75]

2 Pregnancy rate per couple Show forest plot

6

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

2.1 Spontaneous pregnancy rate per couple

5

412

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

4.94 [2.13, 11.44]

2.2 Pregnancy rate per couple after ICSI

1

44

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.93 [0.52, 7.20]

2.3 Pregnancy rate per couple after IUI

1

148

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.05 [0.38, 2.89]

3 Subgroup analysis: Pregnancy rate per couple with no female factor Show forest plot

5

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

3.1 Spontaneous pregnancy rate per couple with no female factor

4

264

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

5.00 [1.88, 13.34]

3.2 Pregnancy rate per couple after ICSI with no female factor

1

44

Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.93 [0.52, 7.20]

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 1. Gonadotrophins versus placebo/no treatment for the treatment of idiopathic male subfertility