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Različite vrste električnih četkica za suzbijanje plakova i zdravlje desni

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Background

Powered brushes were first introduced commercially in the 1960s. A recent systematic review suggested the superiority of certain modes of powered over manual toothbrushing for plaque and gingivitis reduction. That review did not allow for direct comparison between different modes of powered toothbrush.

Objectives

To compare different modes of powered toothbrushing against each other for plaque reduction and the health of the gingivae. Other factors to be assessed were calculus and stain removal, cost, dependability and adverse effects.

Search methods

The following databases were searched: Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register (to 26 July 2010); Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2010, Issue 3); MEDLINE via OVID (1950 to 26 July 2010); EMBASE via OVID (1980 to 26 July 2010); CINAHL via EBSCO (1982 to 26 July 2010). There were no language restrictions.

Selection criteria

Trials were considered for inclusion with the following criteria: random allocation of participants; no compromised manual dexterity; unsupervised powered toothbrushing for at least 4 weeks. The primary outcomes were the plaque and gingivitis scores after powered toothbrush use during trial period.

Data collection and analysis

Data extraction was performed independently and in duplicate. The authors of trials were contacted to provide missing data where possible. The effect measure for each meta‐analysis was the standardised mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using the random‐effects model. Potential sources of heterogeneity were assessed.

Main results

The review included data from 17 trials with 1369 participants. There is evidence from seven trials of up to three months and at unclear/high risk of bias that rotation oscillation brushes reduce plaque (SMD 0.24; 95% CI 95% 0.02, 0.46) and gingivitis (SMD 0.35; 95% CI ‐0.04, 0.74) more than side to side brushes. Due to the dearth of trials, no other definitive conclusions can be stated regarding the superiority of one mode of powered toothbrush over any other. Only minor and transient side effects were reported. Cost, dependability were not reported.

Authors' conclusions

There is some evidence that rotation oscillation brushes reduce plaque and gingivitis more than side to side brushes in the short term. This difference is small and it's clinical importance is unclear. Further trials of good quality are required to assess the superiority of other modes of action for powered toothbrushes.

PICOs

Population
Intervention
Comparison
Outcome

The PICO model is widely used and taught in evidence-based health care as a strategy for formulating questions and search strategies and for characterizing clinical studies or meta-analyses. PICO stands for four different potential components of a clinical question: Patient, Population or Problem; Intervention; Comparison; Outcome.

See more on using PICO in the Cochrane Handbook.

Različite vrste električnih četkica za suzbijanje zubnih plakova i bolje zdravlje desni

Električne četkice su se prvi put pojavile na tržištu 1960‐ih. Prethodno objavljeni Cochrane sustavni pregled sugerirao je da je za uklanjanje plaka i smanjenje upale desni bolja upotreba električne četkice u odnosu na ručno četkanje zubi. Taj pregled nije uspoređivao električne četkice različitih proizvođača.

Ovaj Cochrane sustavni pregled literature uključuje podatke iz 17 studija s 1369 sudionika. U kratkom roku četkice s oscilirajućom rotacijom su više smanjile plak i uaplu desni (gingivitis) nego one s lijevo‐desnim pokretima. Međutim, razlika je bila mala a njezina klinička važnost nejasna. Zbog malog broja provedenih istraživanja u kojima su se rabile druge vrste električnih četkica ne može se dokazati u ovom trenutku da su određene vrste električne četkice bolje od drugih. Zabilježile su se samo manje i prolazne nuspojave. Pouzdanost i troškovi nisu bili prikazani u rezultatima.

Potrebno je provesti daljnja ispitivanja kako bi se utvrdilo postoje li električne četkice koje su bolje u suzbijanju plaka i gingivitisa.