Scolaris Content Display Scolaris Content Display

Forest plot of comparison: 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), outcome: 1.1 Endurance test ‐ exercise distance (Davidson 1988 6MWT).
Figuras y tablas -
Figure 1

Forest plot of comparison: 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), outcome: 1.1 Endurance test ‐ exercise distance (Davidson 1988 6MWT).

Forest plot of comparison: 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), outcome: 1.2 Endurance test ‐ exercise distance (Davidson 1988 endurance walk).
Figuras y tablas -
Figure 2

Forest plot of comparison: 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), outcome: 1.2 Endurance test ‐ exercise distance (Davidson 1988 endurance walk).

Funnel plot of exercise distance (Comparison 01; outcome 01). The blue dots represent the mean differences of individual trial estimates. The distribution of these dots to the right of the dotted line suggests that there may be the equivalent number of 'negative' trials that have not been included in this analysis.
Figuras y tablas -
Figure 3

Funnel plot of exercise distance (Comparison 01; outcome 01). The blue dots represent the mean differences of individual trial estimates. The distribution of these dots to the right of the dotted line suggests that there may be the equivalent number of 'negative' trials that have not been included in this analysis.

Funnel plot of exercise distance (Comparison 01; outcome 03). The blue dots represent the mean differences of individual trials. The distribution of these dots to the right of the dotted line suggests that there may be the equivalent number of 'negative' trials that have not been included in this analysis.
Figuras y tablas -
Figure 4

Funnel plot of exercise distance (Comparison 01; outcome 03). The blue dots represent the mean differences of individual trials. The distribution of these dots to the right of the dotted line suggests that there may be the equivalent number of 'negative' trials that have not been included in this analysis.

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 1 Endurance test ‐ exercise distance (Davidson 1988 6MWT).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 1 Endurance test ‐ exercise distance (Davidson 1988 6MWT).

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 2 Endurance test ‐ exercise distance (Davidson 1988 endurance walk).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 2 Endurance test ‐ exercise distance (Davidson 1988 endurance walk).

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 3 Endurance test ‐ exercise time (Davidson 1988 low dose cycle data/Somfay 2001 low dose).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.3

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 3 Endurance test ‐ exercise time (Davidson 1988 low dose cycle data/Somfay 2001 low dose).

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 4 Endurance test ‐ exercise time (Davidson 1988 high dose cycle/Somfay 2001 high dose).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.4

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 4 Endurance test ‐ exercise time (Davidson 1988 high dose cycle/Somfay 2001 high dose).

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 5 Endurance test ‐ exercise time (Davidson 1988 low dose end'rnce walk/Somfay 2001 low dose).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.5

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 5 Endurance test ‐ exercise time (Davidson 1988 low dose end'rnce walk/Somfay 2001 low dose).

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 6 Endurance test ‐ exercise time (change from baseline).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.6

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 6 Endurance test ‐ exercise time (change from baseline).

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 7 Endurance test ‐ exercise steps.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.7

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 7 Endurance test ‐ exercise steps.

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 8 Maximal test ‐ exercise distance.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.8

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 8 Maximal test ‐ exercise distance.

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 9 Maximal test ‐ exercise time.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.9

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 9 Maximal test ‐ exercise time.

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 10 Maximal test ‐ exercise VO2max (SMD).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.10

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 10 Maximal test ‐ exercise VO2max (SMD).

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 11 Maximal test ‐ wattage output.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.11

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 11 Maximal test ‐ wattage output.

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 12 Endurance test ‐ isotime breathlessness (Somfay 2001 low dose).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.12

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 12 Endurance test ‐ isotime breathlessness (Somfay 2001 low dose).

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 13 Endurance test ‐ isotime breathlessness (Somfay 2001 high dose).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.13

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 13 Endurance test ‐ isotime breathlessness (Somfay 2001 high dose).

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 14 Endurance test ‐ isotime SaO2 (Somfay 2001 low dose).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.14

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 14 Endurance test ‐ isotime SaO2 (Somfay 2001 low dose).

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 15 Endurance test ‐ isotime SaO2 (Somfay 2001 high dose).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.15

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 15 Endurance test ‐ isotime SaO2 (Somfay 2001 high dose).

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 16 Endurance test ‐ isotime PaO2.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.16

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 16 Endurance test ‐ isotime PaO2.

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 17 Endurance test ‐ isotime ventilation (Somfay low dose).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.17

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 17 Endurance test ‐ isotime ventilation (Somfay low dose).

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 18 Endurance test ‐ isotime ventilation (Somfay high dose).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.18

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 18 Endurance test ‐ isotime ventilation (Somfay high dose).

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 19 Maximal test ‐ isotime SaO2.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.19

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 19 Maximal test ‐ isotime SaO2.

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 20 Maximal test ‐ isotime PaO2.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.20

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 20 Maximal test ‐ isotime PaO2.

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 21 Maximal test ‐ isotime ventilation.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.21

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 21 Maximal test ‐ isotime ventilation.

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 22 Endurance test VO2.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.22

Comparison 1 Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies), Outcome 22 Endurance test VO2.

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 1 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Endurance test ‐ exercise distance.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.1

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 1 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Endurance test ‐ exercise distance.

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 2 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Endurance test ‐ exercise time.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.2

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 2 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Endurance test ‐ exercise time.

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 3 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Maximal test ‐ exercise distance.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.3

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 3 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Maximal test ‐ exercise distance.

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 4 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Maximal test ‐ exercise time.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.4

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 4 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Maximal test ‐ exercise time.

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 5 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Maximal test ‐ exercise VO2max (SMD).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.5

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 5 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Maximal test ‐ exercise VO2max (SMD).

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 6 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Endurance test ‐ isotime breathlessness.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.6

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 6 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Endurance test ‐ isotime breathlessness.

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 7 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Maximal test ‐ isotime ventilation.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.7

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 7 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Maximal test ‐ isotime ventilation.

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 8 HIGH DOSE VERSUS LOW DOSE: Endurance test ‐ exercise time (Davidson imputed SEM).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.8

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 8 HIGH DOSE VERSUS LOW DOSE: Endurance test ‐ exercise time (Davidson imputed SEM).

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 9 HIGH DOSE VERSUS LOW DOSE: Endurance test ‐ isotime breathlessness.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.9

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 9 HIGH DOSE VERSUS LOW DOSE: Endurance test ‐ isotime breathlessness.

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 10 HIGH DOSE VERSUS LOW DOSE: Endurance test ‐ isotime SaO2.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.10

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 10 HIGH DOSE VERSUS LOW DOSE: Endurance test ‐ isotime SaO2.

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 11 HIGH DOSE VERSUS LOW DOSE: Endurance test ‐ isotime ventilation.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.11

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 11 HIGH DOSE VERSUS LOW DOSE: Endurance test ‐ isotime ventilation.

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 13 MEAN BASELINE PA02</> 7.3kPa/55mmHg: Maximal test‐ wattage.
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.13

Comparison 2 SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies), Outcome 13 MEAN BASELINE PA02</> 7.3kPa/55mmHg: Maximal test‐ wattage.

Table 1. Details of Exercise Tests Used

Study ID

Test

Practice Tests

Time Between Tests

Predosing

Pretest checks

Leggett (1977)

Distance walked in 12 mins on the level and at own pace (including stops if desired): not carrying cylinder

Not documented

30mins (up to 4 tests per day)

Not documented

Not documented

McKeon (1988)

Treadmill test level grade at 1.5km/h and increasing 0.5km/h each min; ?not carrying cylinder

Initial practice walk

30 mins (4 tests on the same day)

Not documented

Bronchodilators withheld during study

Dean (1992)

Endurance cycle ergometer test based on 80% of incremental cycle test; Incremental test 10W incraesing 10‐20 W every 2 mins to symptom limited max; not carrying oxygen

Not documented

At least 30mins and up to 60 mins

No

Light breakfast; usual medications including bronchodilators

Garrod (2000)

Shuttle walk test carrying small portable tank

Practice walk

20 mins

Not documented

Not documented

ODonnell (1997)

Endurance cycle ergometer at 50% work of maximum work rate. Maximum work rate established on cycle test at 50‐70rpm. (Not carrying oxygen)

Thorough familiarisation

60‐90mins

At least 10mins resting breathing air/oxygen

Avoid caffeine alcohol heavy exertion and heavy meal 4 hours pre testing

McDonald (1995)

6 Minute Walk Step Test Test (Not carrying cylinder)

2 practice tests 6 minute walk test and step test

20 mins (for 6 minute walk test ‐repeated at least three times on each gas until within 5 % agreement between 2 tests)

Not documented

Not documented

Wadell (2001)

Treadmill 6 minute walk using non motorised treadmill and speed driven by patients own walking speed (Not carrying cylinder)

Demonstration given and 1‐2 minute practice before test

1 hour

Not documented

Not documented

Raimondi (1970)

Cycle ergometer test start at 100kpm/min and increased by 100kpm/min each minute Single load cycle test at 70% of maximum achieved on air test

Not documented

30 mins (3 tests on two day)

Not documented

Isoprenaline 10 mins pre exercise

Somfay (2001)

Cycle ergometer at a constant work rate equal to 75% of highest work rate achieved during a symptom limited test breathing room air

Not documented but were familiaris with exercise tests

1 hour (2 tests per visit with 3 visits 3‐5 days apart)

Not documented

No caffeine alcohol meals pre testing

ODonnell (2001)

Endurance cycle ergometer at 50% work of maximum work rate. Maximum work rate established on cycle test at 50‐70rpm. (Not carrying oxygen)

Thorough familiarisation

60‐90mins

At least 10mins resting breathing air/oxygen

Avoid caffeine alcohol heavy exertion and heavy meal 4 hours pre testing

Davidson (1988)

Endurance cycle test at 50‐70% max work rate. Maximum work rtae assessed during a proressive cyscle test at 25W increments at 1 minut intervals 6 minute walk test Endurance walk‐ walk as far as possible at a pace as though late for appointment" and stop when unable to go further (Cyclinder carried by patients during 4Lmin 6 minute walk and endurance tests

3 practice walks for 6 minute walk test. No practice for endurance or cycle test

3 hours (no more than 2 cycling and 2 walk tests on each day with testing on 3 consecutive days)

Not documented

Fasted for 2 hours. no bronchodilators pre testing

King (1973)

Treadmill walking at 0.84 (0.18) mph

1‐2 minute practice followed by 5 minute rest

10minutes between tests

Not documented

2 hours after light lunch

Eaton (2002)

6 Minute Walk Test oxygen carried in back pack or shoulder bag

3 practice tests

20‐30 minutes between tests

Not documented

Not documented

Bradley (1978)

Treadmill test‐ initial speed chosen by patient as one comforatable and unlikely to lead to intolerable dysponea after several mins. Treadmill grade increased by 2% per min starting at zero.

Demonstration and practice walk on 3 consecutive days prior to test

10 mins but some needed 1‐2 hours (3 tests per day)

Not documented

Not documented

Stein (1982)

Incremental treadmill test

Demonstration and oportunity to walk on treadmill before test

15 mins

7 mins prior to exercise

Breakfast before tests‐ all tests carried out in the morning

Mannix (1992)

Incremental cycle ergometer 4 min stages (0W and progressed by 12.5W)

Not documented

1 day

Not documented

same time of day

Bye (1985)

Cycle ergometer test at 80% of previously determined max

Not documented

2 days

10mins pre dosing

same time of day

Light (1989)

cycle ergometer with 10 to 20 W increases each min

At least 1 practice test

45 mins

10mins pre dosing

Two inhalations of metaproterenol on arrival unless he had received this within 90 last mins

Leach (1992)

6 Minute Walk Test Endurance test walking as far as possible at a pace as though late for an appointment

3 practices of each test

45min

Not documented

Fasted for at least 90 ins standardised for time of testing bronchodilator treatment

Kurihara (1989)

6 Minute Walk Test Endurance test

No documented

30minutes

Not documented

Not documented

Ishimine (1995)

6 Minute Walk Test Endurance test

1 practice test

30minutes

Not documented

Oral bronchodilator stopped on evening before trial and inhaled bronchodilators stopped on morning of test

Fujimoto (2002)

6 Minute Walk Test Endurance test

1 practice walk

20 minutes

Not ducumented

Not documented

Garrod (1999)

Shuttle walk test carrying small portable tank

1 practice walk

Not documented

Not documented

Not documented

Swinburn (1984)

Maximal cycle ergometer test

Familiar with test

3 hours

4 minutes

salbutamol 1 hour pre test

Vyas (1971)

Maximal cycle ergometry at 60kgm per min work load increased each minute

Familiar with test

1 hour

20 minutes

Not documented

Woodcock 1981

Maximal Treadmill Test
6 Minute Walk Test Endurance test

Practice sessions

30 minutes

Not documented

Not documented

Palange 1995

Submaximal Cycle ergometer

Not documented

1 hour

Not documented

Not documented

Gosselin 2004

Maximal Cycle ergometer

Not documented

1 day

15 mins

Light breakfast 2 hours before

Knebel 2000

Submaximal 6 MWT

3 practice walks

45 minutes

Not documented

2 hours after meals or after waking

Maltais 2001

Maximal cycle ergometer

Not documented

2 hours

Not documented

Not documented

Criner (1987)

Maximal Symptom limited unloaded leg ergometry

Not documented

Not documented

Not documented

Not documented

Figuras y tablas -
Table 1. Details of Exercise Tests Used
Table 2. Outcome Measures Used (E=Endurance test; M=maximal test; *=Isotime)

Study

Exercise Distance

Exercise Time

VO2

Number Steps

Isotime breathless

Isotime SaO2/PaO2

Isotime VE

Watts

Bradley 1978

M

Bye 1985

E

E*

E*

Davidson 1988

E6MW , Ewalk

Ecycle, Ewalk

Dean 1992

E

E*

E*

E*

Eaton 2002

E

Garrod 2000

M

‐‐

Ishimine 1995

E

King 1973

Kurihara 1989

E

Leach 1992

E

Legget 1977

E

Light 1989

M*

M*

M

Mannix 1992

M

M

M*

McDonald 1995

E6MW

EStep

McKeon 1988

M

ODonnell 1997

E

[E*]

E*

E*

E*

ODonell 2001

E

E*

E*

Raimondi 1970

M E

Somfay 2001

E

E*

E*

E*

Stein 1982

M

Wadell

E

Fujim oto 2002

E

Garrod 1999

M

Swinburn 1984

M

Vyas 1971

M

M [M*]

M*

Woodcock 1981

M E

Palange 1995

E

Knebel 2000

E

Gosselin 2004

M

M

M

Maltais 2001

M

Criner 1987

M

M

Figuras y tablas -
Table 2. Outcome Measures Used (E=Endurance test; M=maximal test; *=Isotime)
Comparison 1. Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Endurance test ‐ exercise distance (Davidson 1988 6MWT) Show forest plot

10

Metres (Fixed, 95% CI)

18.86 [13.11, 24.61]

1.1 Low dose

10

Metres (Fixed, 95% CI)

18.86 [13.11, 24.61]

2 Endurance test ‐ exercise distance (Davidson 1988 endurance walk) Show forest plot

10

Metres (Fixed, 95% CI)

18.61 [12.83, 24.39]

2.1 Low dose

10

Metres (Fixed, 95% CI)

18.61 [12.83, 24.39]

3 Endurance test ‐ exercise time (Davidson 1988 low dose cycle data/Somfay 2001 low dose) Show forest plot

7

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

2.70 [1.95, 3.44]

3.1 Low dose

3

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

2.21 [1.18, 3.25]

3.2 High dose

4

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

3.22 [2.15, 4.29]

4 Endurance test ‐ exercise time (Davidson 1988 high dose cycle/Somfay 2001 high dose) Show forest plot

7

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

2.71 [1.96, 3.46]

4.1 Low dose

1

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

1.91 [0.79, 3.03]

4.2 High dose

6

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

3.37 [2.35, 4.38]

5 Endurance test ‐ exercise time (Davidson 1988 low dose end'rnce walk/Somfay 2001 low dose) Show forest plot

7

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

2.63 [1.91, 3.34]

5.1 Low dose

3

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

2.15 [1.18, 3.12]

5.2 High dose

4

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

3.20 [2.14, 4.25]

6 Endurance test ‐ exercise time (change from baseline) Show forest plot

2

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

6.1 Low dose

2

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

7 Endurance test ‐ exercise steps Show forest plot

1

Number (Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

7.1 Low dose

1

Number (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

7.2 High dose

0

Number (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

8 Maximal test ‐ exercise distance Show forest plot

4

Metres (Fixed, 95% CI)

32.00 [20.61, 43.38]

8.1 Low dose

4

Metres (Fixed, 95% CI)

32.00 [20.61, 43.38]

9 Maximal test ‐ exercise time Show forest plot

6

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

1.06 [0.67, 1.46]

9.1 Low dose

4

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

1.30 [0.56, 2.04]

9.2 High dose

2

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.97 [0.50, 1.43]

10 Maximal test ‐ exercise VO2max (SMD) Show forest plot

5

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

10.1 Low dose

3

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

10.2 High dose

2

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

11 Maximal test ‐ wattage output Show forest plot

3

Watts (Fixed, 95% CI)

8.88 [5.71, 12.06]

11.1 Low dose

2

Watts (Fixed, 95% CI)

7.77 [4.19, 11.35]

11.2 High dose

1

Watts (Fixed, 95% CI)

13.0 [6.12, 19.88]

12 Endurance test ‐ isotime breathlessness (Somfay 2001 low dose) Show forest plot

4

Borg (Fixed, 95% CI)

‐1.15 [‐1.65, ‐0.66]

12.1 Low dose

1

Borg (Fixed, 95% CI)

‐2.3 [‐4.46, ‐0.14]

12.2 High dose

3

Borg (Fixed, 95% CI)

‐1.09 [‐1.60, ‐0.58]

13 Endurance test ‐ isotime breathlessness (Somfay 2001 high dose) Show forest plot

4

Borg (Fixed, 95% CI)

‐1.15 [‐1.66, ‐0.65]

13.1 Low dose

0

Borg (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

13.2 High dose

4

Borg (Fixed, 95% CI)

‐1.15 [‐1.66, ‐0.65]

14 Endurance test ‐ isotime SaO2 (Somfay 2001 low dose) Show forest plot

3

% (Fixed, 95% CI)

8.36 [5.08, 11.64]

14.1 Low dose

1

% (Fixed, 95% CI)

7.0 [0.47, 13.53]

14.2 High dose

2

% (Fixed, 95% CI)

8.82 [5.03, 12.62]

15 Endurance test ‐ isotime SaO2 (Somfay 2001 high dose) Show forest plot

3

% (Fixed, 95% CI)

8.80 [5.36, 12.24]

15.1 Low dose

0

% (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

15.2 High dose

3

% (Fixed, 95% CI)

8.80 [5.36, 12.24]

16 Endurance test ‐ isotime PaO2 Show forest plot

2

mmHg (Fixed, 95% CI)

15.15 [6.42, 23.89]

16.1 Low dose

0

mmHg (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

16.2 High dose

2

mmHg (Fixed, 95% CI)

15.15 [6.42, 23.89]

17 Endurance test ‐ isotime ventilation (Somfay low dose) Show forest plot

5

L/min (Fixed, 95% CI)

‐3.58 [‐4.85, ‐2.31]

17.1 Low dose

1

L/min (Fixed, 95% CI)

‐4.2 [‐8.12, ‐0.28]

17.2 High dose

4

L/min (Fixed, 95% CI)

‐3.51 [‐4.85, ‐2.17]

18 Endurance test ‐ isotime ventilation (Somfay high dose) Show forest plot

5

L/min (Fixed, 95% CI)

‐3.60 [‐4.88, ‐2.33]

18.1 Low dose

0

L/min (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

18.2 High dose

5

L/min (Fixed, 95% CI)

‐3.60 [‐4.88, ‐2.33]

19 Maximal test ‐ isotime SaO2 Show forest plot

2

% (Fixed, 95% CI)

7.82 [4.89, 10.74]

19.1 Low dose

1

% (Fixed, 95% CI)

7.1 [3.40, 10.80]

19.2 High dose

1

% (Fixed, 95% CI)

9.0 [4.24, 13.76]

20 Maximal test ‐ isotime PaO2 Show forest plot

2

kPa (Fixed, 95% CI)

7.69 [4.32, 11.06]

20.1 Low dose

0

kPa (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

20.2 High dose

2

kPa (Fixed, 95% CI)

7.69 [4.32, 11.06]

21 Maximal test ‐ isotime ventilation Show forest plot

4

L/min (Fixed, 95% CI)

‐3.26 [‐4.33, ‐2.19]

21.1 Low dose

3

L/min (Fixed, 95% CI)

‐3.55 [‐5.11, ‐1.99]

21.2 High dose

1

L/min (Fixed, 95% CI)

‐3.0 [‐4.47, ‐1.53]

22 Endurance test VO2 Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

22.1 Low dose

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 1. Oxygen versus placebo (crossover studies)
Comparison 2. SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Endurance test ‐ exercise distance Show forest plot

10

Metres (Fixed, 95% CI)

18.86 [13.11, 24.61]

1.1 Mean baseline PaO2 </=7.3 kPa/55 mmHg

0

Metres (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

1.2 Mean baseline PaO2 >7.3 kPa/55 mmHg

10

Metres (Fixed, 95% CI)

18.86 [13.11, 24.61]

2 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Endurance test ‐ exercise time Show forest plot

7

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

2.99 [2.12, 3.86]

2.1 Mean baseline PaO2 </=7.3 kPa/55 mmHg

1

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

4.7 [1.66, 7.74]

2.2 Mean baseline PaO2 >7.3 kPa/55 mmHg

5

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

3.16 [2.11, 4.22]

2.3 Unclear O2 status

1

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

1.91 [0.15, 3.67]

3 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Maximal test ‐ exercise distance Show forest plot

4

Metres (Fixed, 95% CI)

32.00 [20.61, 43.38]

3.1 Mean baseline PaO2 </=7.3 kPa/55 mmHg

1

Metres (Fixed, 95% CI)

27.3 [14.76, 39.84]

3.2 Mean baseline PaO2 >7.3 kPa/55 mmHg

3

Metres (Fixed, 95% CI)

54.01 [26.85, 81.16]

4 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Maximal test ‐ exercise time Show forest plot

6

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

1.06 [0.67, 1.46]

4.1 Mean baseline PaO2 </=7.3 kPa/55 mmHg

1

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

2.0 [0.28, 3.72]

4.2 Mean baseline PaO2 >7.3 kPa/55 mmHg

4

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

1.12 [0.69, 1.55]

4.3 Unclear O2 status

1

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.05 [‐1.22, 1.32]

5 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Maximal test ‐ exercise VO2max (SMD) Show forest plot

5

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

5.1 Mean baseline PaO2 </=7.3 kPa/55 mmHg

1

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

5.2 Mean baseline PaO2 >7.3 kPa/55 mmHg

4

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

6 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Endurance test ‐ isotime breathlessness Show forest plot

4

Borg (Fixed, 95% CI)

‐1.15 [‐1.65, ‐0.66]

6.1 Mean baseline PaO2 </= 7.3kPa/55mmHg

1

Borg (Fixed, 95% CI)

‐2.0 [‐4.14, 0.14]

6.2 Mean baseline PaO2 >7.3 kPa/55 mmHg

3

Borg (Fixed, 95% CI)

‐1.11 [‐1.62, ‐0.59]

7 MEAN BASELINE PAO2 </> 7.3kPa/55mmHG: Maximal test ‐ isotime ventilation Show forest plot

4

L/min (Fixed, 95% CI)

‐3.26 [‐4.33, ‐2.19]

7.1 Mean baseline PaO2 </= 7.3kPa/55mmHg

1

L/min (Fixed, 95% CI)

‐6.0 [‐11.21, ‐0.79]

7.2 Mean baseline PaO2 >7.3 kPa/55 mmHg

3

L/min (Fixed, 95% CI)

‐3.14 [‐4.23, ‐2.04]

8 HIGH DOSE VERSUS LOW DOSE: Endurance test ‐ exercise time (Davidson imputed SEM) Show forest plot

2

Minutes (Fixed, 95% CI)

1.85 [‐0.16, 3.86]

9 HIGH DOSE VERSUS LOW DOSE: Endurance test ‐ isotime breathlessness Show forest plot

1

Borg (Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

10 HIGH DOSE VERSUS LOW DOSE: Endurance test ‐ isotime SaO2 Show forest plot

1

% (Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

11 HIGH DOSE VERSUS LOW DOSE: Endurance test ‐ isotime ventilation Show forest plot

1

L/min (Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

12 HIGH DOSE VERSUS LOW DOSE: Maximal test ‐ isotimeSaO2

0

SaO2 (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

13 MEAN BASELINE PA02</> 7.3kPa/55mmHg: Maximal test‐ wattage Show forest plot

3

Wattage (Fixed, 95% CI)

8.88 [5.71, 12.06]

13.1 Mean baseline PaO2 </=7.3 kPa/55 mmHg

0

Wattage (Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

13.2 Mean baseline PaO2 >7.3 kPa/55 mmHg

3

Wattage (Fixed, 95% CI)

8.88 [5.71, 12.06]

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 2. SUBGROUP ANALYSES: mean baseline kPa/PaO2 & high dose versus low dose studies)