1 Patients not re‐enrolled in drug treatment program after four weeks Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

1.1 All patients

1

42

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.27 [0.14, 0.52]

1.2 HIV+ patients

1

7

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.14 [0.01, 1.89]

1 Relapse to opiate use (urinanalysis) Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

1.1 one month

1

52

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.54 [0.34, 0.87]

1.2 three months

1

52

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.86 [0.62, 1.19]

2 Relapse to heroin and cocaine use (self reported) Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

2.1 At discharge

1

52

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.43 [0.19, 0.97]

2.2 At one week

1

52

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.35 [0.18, 0.70]

2.3 At one month

1

52

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.47 [0.29, 0.77]

3 Money spent on alcohol $ Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

4 Unemployment at follow up Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

4.1 At one month

1

52

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.74 [0.56, 0.98]

4.2 At three months

1

52

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.77 [0.53, 1.10]

5 Drop outs Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

5.1 1 month

1

52

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.47 [0.29, 0.77]

5.2 3 months

1

52

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.99 [0.77, 1.26]

1 Relapse to opiate and cocaine use (urinanalysis) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

1.1 Opate and cocaine free urines submitted during the study

1

52

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

‐2.10 [‐7.24, 3.04]

1.2 Longest duration of abstinence in days

1

52

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

‐4.70 [‐16.20, 6.80]

1.3 Mean longest duration of abstinence (missing urines included as positives)

1

52

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

‐4.0 [‐12.77, 4.77]

2 Abstinence for various time periods Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

2.1 1 week

1

52

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.50 [0.23, 1.09]

2.2 2 weeks

1

52

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

1.06 [0.72, 1.56]

2.3 4 weeks

1

52

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.87 [0.69, 1.09]

3 Sessions attended in the first three months Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

3.1 Counseling Sessions

1

52

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

0.20 [‐4.28, 4.68]

3.2 Research sessions

1

52

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

‐2.90 [‐7.82, 2.02]

4 Drop outs Show forest plot

1

9360

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

1.02 [1.00, 1.05]

1 Drop outs Show forest plot

1

69

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

1.63 [0.86, 3.07]

1.1 Drug Dependence Unit

1

48

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

1.58 [0.75, 3.31]

1.2 Behavioural/General ward

1

21

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

1.78 [0.52, 6.04]

2 Mean Craving after lab based Cue Exposure (not able to use as a combination of all results) Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

3 Relapse to opiate use at 6 weeks follow up Show forest plot

1

39

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.71 [0.34, 1.48]

3.1 Drug dependence Unit at 6 weeks follow up

1

26

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.93 [0.32, 2.71]

3.2 Behavioural/General Ward at 6 weeks follow up

1

13

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.56 [0.21, 1.54]

4 Relapse to opiate use at 6 months follow up Show forest plot

1

35

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.98 [0.29, 3.30]

4.1 DDU

1

22

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

1.17 [0.24, 5.58]

4.2 BGW

1

13

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.75 [0.11, 5.18]

1 Not Re‐entered into treatment at 6 months follow up Show forest plot

1

175

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.76 [0.54, 1.07]

2 Not re‐entered back into treatment with attendance at 2 or more sessions Show forest plot

1

175

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.56 [0.38, 0.82]