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Intervenciones farmacológicas para el tratamiento de la osificación heterotópica aguda

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Referencias

Referencias de los estudios incluidos en esta revisión

Ir a:

Ono 1988 {published and unpublished data}

Ono K, Takaoka K, Kaneda K, Takahashi H, Otani K, Yoshikawa S, et al. [A double‐blind study of EHDP on heterotopic ossification after spinal cord injury using placebo]. [Japanese]. Rinsho Hyoka [Clinical Evaluation] 1988;16(4):581‐615. [CN‐00254505]

Stover 1976 {published and unpublished data}

Stover SL, Hahn HR, Miller JM. Disodium etidronate in the prevention of heterotopic ossification following spinal cord injury (preliminary report). Paraplegia 1976;14(2):146‐56. [MEDLINE: 77012528; CN‐00014714‐CCTR]

Referencias de los estudios excluidos de esta revisión

Ir a:

Ahrengart 1994 {published data only}

Ahrengart L, Blomgren G, Tornkvist H. Short‐term ibuprofen to prevent ossification after hip arthroplasty. No effects in a prospective randomized study of 47 arthrosis cases. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 1994;65(2):139‐41. [MEDLINE: 94256197; EMBASE 94163647, CN‐00101683‐CCTR]

Bijvoet 1974 {published data only}

Bijvoet OL, Nollen AJ, Slooff TJ, Feith R. Effect of a diphosphonate on para‐articular ossification after total hip replacement. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 1974;45(6):926‐34. [MEDLINE: 75201466; NLM‐0370352, CN‐00194160‐CCTR, EMBASE 75209679]

Bremen‐Kuhne 1997 {published data only}

Bremen‐Kuhne RV, Stock D, Franke C. Indomethacin ‐ short‐term therapy vs. single low dosage radiation for prevention of periarticular ossifications after total hip endoprosthesis [Indomethacin‐Kurzzeittherapie vs. einzeitige Low‐Dose‐Radiatio zur Prophylaxe periartikulärer Ossifikationen (PAO) nach Hüft‐TEP.]. Zeitschrift fur Orthopadie und Ihre Grenzgebiete 1997;135(5):422‐9. [MEDLINE: 98061854; PubMed 9446435, EMBASE 1998006675]

Burd 2001 {published data only}

Burd TA, Lowry KJ, Anglen JO. Indomethacin compared with localized irradiation for the prevention of heterotopic ossification following surgical treatment of acetabular fractures. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. American Volume 2001;83(12):1783‐8. [MEDLINE: 21606178; CN‐00376224 NEW]

Burd 2003 {published data only}

Burd TA, Hughes MS, Anglen JO. Heterotopic ossification prophylaxis with indomethacin increases the risk of long‐bone nonunion. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery ‐ British Volume 2003;85(5):700‐5. [CN‐00439714]

Burssens 1995 {published data only}

Burssens A, Thiery J, Kohl P, Molderez A, Haazen L. Prevention of heterotopic ossification with tenoxicam following total hip arthroplasty: a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled dose‐finding study. Acta Orthopaedica Belgica 1995;61(3):205‐11. [MEDLINE: 96106034; CN‐00121510‐CCTR]

Dorn 1998 {published data only}

Dorn U, Grethen C, Effenberger H, Berka H, Ramsauer T, Drekonja T. Indomethacin for prevention of heterotopic ossification after hip arthroplasty. A randomized comparison between 4 and 8 days of treatment. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 1998;69(2):107‐10. [MEDLINE: 98265473; PubMed 9602763]

Elmstedt 1985 {published data only}

Elmstedt E, Lindholm TS, Nilsson OS, Tornkvist H. Effect of ibruprofen on heterotopic ossification after hip replacement. Acta Orthopedica Scandinavica 1985;56(1):25‐7. [MEDLINE: 85171098; CN‐00037575‐CCTR]

Eyb 1983 {published data only}

Eyb R, Knahr K. The effect of prophylaxis for thrombosis on heterotopic ossification following total hip joint replacement. Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 1983;102(2):114‐7. [MEDLINE: 84103600; CN‐00033400‐CCTR]

Finerman 1977 {published data only}

Finerman GA, Krengel WF, Lowell JD, Murray WR, Volz RG, Bowerman JW, et al. Role of diphosphonate (EHDP) in the prevention of heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty: A preliminary report. The Hip: Proceedings of the Fifth Open Scientific Meeting of the Hip Society. St Louis: C.V Mosby, 1977:222‐34.

Finerman 1981 {published data only}

Finerman GA, Stover SL. Heterotopic ossification following hip replacement or spinal cord injury. Two clinical studies with EHDP. Metabolic Bone Disease & Related Research 1981;3(4‐5):337‐42. [MEDLINE: 83166573]

Fransen 2004 {published data only}

Fransen M. HIPAID Management Committee on behalf of HIPAID Collaborative Group. Preventing chronic ectopic bone‐related pain and disability after hip replacement surgery with perioperative ibruprofen. A multi‐center, randomized, placebeo‐controlled trial (HIPAID). Controlled Clinical Trials 2004;25(2):223‐33. [MEDLINE: 15020038]

Gebuhr 1991 {published data only}

Gebuhr P, Soelberg M, Orsnes T, Wilbek H. Naproxen prevention of heterotopic ossification after hip arthroplasty ‐ A prospective control study of 55 patients. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 1991;62(3):226‐9. [MEDLINE: 91253382; EMBASE 91187567, CN‐00075750‐CCTR]

Gebuhr 1996 {published data only}

Gebuhr PH, Wilbek H, Soelberg M. Eight days of naproxen therapy can prevent heterotopic ossification after total hip alloplasty [Otte dages behandling med naproxen kan forebygge heterotop forkalkning efter total hoftealloplastik]. Ugeskrift for Laeger 1996;158(8):1076‐8.

Gierse 1997 {published data only}

Gierse H, Eisebitt R, Bernard I. Prevention of periarticular ossification‐‐with results of a randomized, double‐blind study comparing acemetacin versus indomethacin [Zur Prophylaxe von Periartikularen Verknocherungen‐‐mit Ergebnissen einer randomisierten, doppelblinden Studie zum Vergleich von Acemetacin versus Indometacin]. Zeitschrift fur Orthopadie und Ihre Grenzgebiete 1997;135(5):417‐21. [MEDLINE: 98061853; CN‐00197906‐CCTR, EMBASE 98006674]

Hoikka 1990 {published data only}

Hoikka V, Lindholm TS, Eskols A. Flurbiprofen inhibits heterotopic bone formation in total hip arthroplasty. Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 1990;109(4):224‐6. [MEDLINE: 90344409; EMBASE 90227818, CN‐00069456‐CCTR]

Kienapfel 1999 {published data only}

Kienapfel H, Koller M, Wust A, Sprey C, Merte H, Engenhart‐Cabillic R, et al. Prevention of heterotopic bone formation after total hip arthroplasty: a prospective randomised study comparing postoperative radiation with indomethacin medication. Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 1999;119(5‐6):296‐302. [MEDLINE: 99376654; PubMed 10447627]

Kjaersgaard‐And 1988 {published data only}

Kjaersgaard‐Andersen P, Pedersen P, Kristensen SS, Schmidt SA, Pedersen NW. Serum alkaline phosphatase as an indicator of heterotopic bone formation following total hip arhroplasty. Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research 1988;(234):102‐9. [MEDLINE: 88311625; CN‐00055330‐CCTR]

Kjaersgaard‐And 1989 {published data only}

Kjaersgaard‐Andersen P, Schmidt SA, Pedersen NW, Kristensen SS, Pedersen P. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and heterotopic bone formation after cemented total hip arthroplasty. Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research 1989;(248):189‐94. [MEDLINE: 90031185; CN‐00063251‐CCTR]

Kjaersgaard‐And 1993 {published data only}

Kjaersgaard‐Andersen P, Nafei A, Teichert G, Kristensen O, Schmidt SA, Keller J, et al. Indomethacin for prevention of heterotopic ossification. A randomized controlled study in 41 hip arthroplasties. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 1993;64(6):639‐42. [MEDLINE: 94120914; CN‐00098493‐CCTR, EMBASE 1994041266]

Knahr 1988a {published data only}

Knahr K, Salzer M, Eyb R, Frank P, Blauensteiner W. Heterotopic ossification with total hip endoprostheses in various models of thrombosis prophylaxis. Journal of Arthroplasty 1988;3(1):1‐8. [MEDLINE: 88199604; EMBASE 88105671, CN‐00226349‐CCTR]

Knahr 1988b {published data only}

Knahr K, Salzer M, Eyb R, Frank P, Blauensteiner W. Heterotopic ossification with total hip endoprostheses in various models of thrombosis prophylaxis. Journal of Arthroplasty 1988;2(1):1‐8. [MEDLINE: 88199604; EMBASE 88105671, CN‐00226349‐CCTR]

Knahr 1988c {published data only}

Knahr K, Salzer M, Eyb R, Frank P, Blauensteiner W. Heterotopic ossification with total hip endoprostheses in various models of thrombosis prophylaxis. Journal of Arthroplasty 1988;3(1):1‐8. [MEDLINE: 88199604; EMBASE 88105671, CN‐00226349‐CCTR]

Knelles 1997 {published data only}

Knelles D, Barthel T, Karrer A, Kraus U, Eulert J, Kolbl O. Prevention of heterotopic ossification after total hip replacement. A prospective, randomised study using acetylsalicylic acid, indomethacin and fractional or single‐dose irradiation. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. British Volume 1997;79(4):596‐602. [MEDLINE: 97392531; PubMed 9250745]

Kolbl 1997a {published data only}

Kolbl O, Flentje M, Eulert J, Barthel T, Knelles D, Kraus U. Prospective study on the prevention of heterotopic ossification after hip replacement. Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory agents versus radiation therapy [Prospektive Studie zur Vermeidung heterotoper Ossifikationen nach Hüftgelenksersatz. Nichtsteroidales Antirheumatikum versus Strahlentherapie]. Strahlentherapie und Onkologie 1997;173(12):677‐82. [MEDLINE: 98098204; PubMed 9454352]

Kolbl 1997b {published data only}

Kolbl O, Knelles D, Barthel T, Kraus U, Flentje M, Eulert J. Randomized trial comparing early postoperative irradiation vs. the use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs for prevention of heterotopic ossification following prosthetic total hip replacement. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics 1997;39(5):961‐6. [MEDLINE: 98052425; PubMed 9392532]

Kolbl 1998 {published data only}

Kolbl O, Knelles D, Barthel T, Raunecker K, Flentje M, Eulert J. Preoperative irradiation versus the use of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for prevention of heterotopic ossification following total hip replacement: the results of a randomized trial. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics 1998;42(2):397‐401. [MEDLINE: 99002471; EMBASE 9788422, CN‐00156022‐CCTR]

Kristensen 1990 {published data only}

Kristensen SS, Pedersen P, Pedersen NW, Schmidt SA, Kjaersgaard‐Andersen P. Combined treatment with indomethacin and low‐dose heparin after total hip replacement. A double‐blind placebo‐controlled clinical trial. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. British Volume 1990;72(3):447‐9. [MEDLINE: 90256866; CN‐00067669‐CCTR]

Kuswetter 1996 {published data only}

Kuswetter W, Sell S, Willms R. Suppression of heterotopic ossifications after total hip replacement [abstract]. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. British Volume 1996;78(Suppl II and III):94.

Legenstein 2003 {published data only}

Legenstein R, Bosch P, Ungersbock A. Indomethacin versus meloxicam for prevention of heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty. Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 2003;123(2‐3):91‐4. [MEDLINE: 22607591; EMBASE 2003405708]

Martini 1995 {published data only}

Martini F, Sell S, Reize P, Jani R, Kusswetter W. Perioperative side effects of preventative measures against heterotopic ossification ‐ Diclofenac versus irradiation [Perioperative Nebenwirkungen bei der Prophylaxe heterotoper Ossifikationen ‐‐ Diclofenac versus Radiation]. Aktuelle Rheumatologie 1995;20(2):61‐5. [EMBASE 1995097562]

Matta 1997 {published data only}

Matta JM, Siebonrock KA. Does indomethacin reduce heterotopic bone formation after operations for acetabular fractures? A prospective randomised study. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery ‐ British Volume 1997;79(6):959‐63. [MEDLINE: 98054061; EMBASE 97361310, CN‐00145789‐CCTR]

Mendelson 1996 {published data only}

Mendelson JD, Huk O, Evans BG, Katkin PD, Pellici PM, Sculco TP, et al. Prevention of heterotopic ossification following total hip arthroplasty: A prospective randomized study comparing aspirin, indomethacin and coumadin [abstract]. Orthopaedic Transactions 1996;20(1):81. [CN‐00226481]

Metzenroth 1991 {published data only}

Metzenroth H, Publig W, Knahr K, Zandl CH, Kuchner G, Carda CH. Prevention of ossification after total hip endoprosthesis with indomethacin and its effect on gastric mucosa [Ossifikationsprophylaxe nach Hufttotalendoprothesen mit Indomethacin und ihr Einfluss auf die Magenschleimhaut]. Zeitschrift fur Orthopadie und Ihre Grenzgebiete 1991;129(2):178‐82. [MEDLINE: 91281108; EMBASE 91133716, CN‐00181645‐CCTR, PubMed 1829300]

Minaire 1981 {published data only}

Minaire P, Berard E, Meunier PJ, Edouard C, Goedert G, Pilonchery G. Effects of disodium dichloromethylene diphosphonate on bone loss in paraplegic patients. Journal of Clinical Investigation 1981;68(4):1086‐92. [MEDLINE: 82031280]

Moore 1998 {published data only}

Moore KD, Goss K, Anglen JO. Indomethacin versus radiation therapy for prophylaxis against heterotopic ossification in acetabular fractures: a randomised, prospective study. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery ‐ British Volume 1998;80(2):259‐63. [MEDLINE: 98206532; PubMed 9546456]

Neal 2000 {published data only}

Neal BC, Rodgers A, Gray H, Clark T, Beaumont DD, House T, et al. No effect of low‐dose aspirin for the prevention of heterotopic bone formation after total hip replacement: a randomized trial of 2,649 patients. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 2000;71(2):129‐34. [MEDLINE: 20309157; EMBASE 2000276417]

Nilsson 1991 {published data only}

Nilsson O, Persson P‐E, Sodemann B. Short‐term ibruprofen prophylaxis for periarticular heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty [abstract]. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica ‐ Supplementum 1991;246:3. [EMBASE 92023153]

Persson 1998 {published data only}

Persson PE, Sodemann B, Nilsson OS. Preventive effects of ibuprofen on periarticular heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty. A randomized double‐blind prospective study of treatment time. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 1998;69(2):111‐5. [MEDLINE: 98265474; PubMed 9602764]

Pritchett 1995 {published data only}

Pritchett JW. Ketorolac prophylaxis against heterotopic ossification after hip replacement. Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research 1995;(314):162‐5. [MEDLINE: 95361323; EMBASE 95146989, CN‐00116817‐CCTR]

Randelli 1992 {published data only}

Randelli G, Romano CL. Prophylaxis with indomethacin for heterotopic ossification after Chiari osteotomy of the pelvis. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. American Volume 1992;74(9):1344‐6. [MEDLINE: 93054848; EMBASE 93014045, CN‐00226641]

Reis 1992 {published data only}

Reis HJ, Kusswetter W, Schellinger T. The suppression of heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty. International Orthopaedics 1992;16(2):140‐5. [MEDLINE: 93052961; EMBASE 92220442, CN‐00088410‐CCTR]

Sahin Akkoc 1999 {published data only}

Sahin Akkoc Y, Kirazli Y, Aydogdu S, Sur H, Sabah D. Indomethacin in the prevention of heterotopic ossification following total hip arthroplasty [Total kalca artroplastisi sonrasi heterotopik ossifikasyonun onlenmesinde indometasin]. Journal of Rheumatology & Medical Rehabilitation 1999;10(2):69‐73. [EMBASE 1999234973]

Schmidt 1988 {published data only}

Schmidt SA, Kjaersgaard‐Andersen P, Pedersen NW, Kristensen SS, Pedersen P, Nielsen JB. The use of indomethacin to prevent the formation of heterotopic bone after total hip replacement. A randomized, double‐blind clinical trial. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. American Volume 1988;70(6):834‐8. [MEDLINE: 88273269; EMBASE 88198318, CN‐00054675‐CCTR]

Sell 1997 {published data only}

Sell S, Willms R, Kusswetter W. Heterotopic ossifications‐ a prospective comparison of two prophylactic methods [Abstract]. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. British Volume 1997;79 Suppl 2:170.

Sell 1998 {published data only}

Sell S, Willms R, Jany R, Esenwein S, Gaissmaier C, Martini F, et al. The suppression of heterotopic ossificatios: radiation versus NSAID therapy ‐ a prospective study. Journal of Arthroplasty 1998;13(8):854‐9. [MEDLINE: 99094784; PubMed 9880175, EMBASE 1999012996]

Sell 2004 {published data only}

Sell S, Phillips O, Handel M. No difference between two doses of diclofenac in prophylaxis of heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavia 2004;75(1):45‐9. [MEDLINE: 15022805]

Slooff 1974 {published data only}

Slooff TJ, Feith R, Biljvoet OL, Nollen AJG. The use of a diphosphonate in para‐articular ossifications after total hip replacement. A clinical study. Acta Orthopaedica Belgica 1974;40(5‐6):820‐8. [MEDLINE: 76133292; EMBASE 76120316, CN‐00184169‐CCTR]

Stover 1976b {published data only}

Stover SL, Niemann KM, Miller 3rd JM. Disodium etidronate in the prevention of postoperative recurrence of heterotopic ossification in spinal‐cord injury patients. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. American Volume 1976;58(5):683‐8. [MEDLINE: 76213409; CN‐00014080‐CCTR]

Thomas 1985 {published data only}

Thomas BJ, Amstutz HC. Results of the administration of diphosphonate for the prevention of heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. American Volume 1985;67(3):400‐3. [MEDLINE: 85131247; PubMed 3919028]

Vielpeau 1999 {published data only}

Vielpeau C, Joubert J‐M, Hulet C. Naproxen in the prevention of heterotopic ossification after total hip replacement. Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research 1999;(369):279‐88. [MEDLINE: 20078007; EMBASE 1999431876, CN‐00265347]

Wahlstrom 1991 {published data only}

Wahlstrom O, Risto O, Djerf K, Hammerby S. Heterotopic bone formation prevented by diclofenac. Prospective study of 100 hip arthroplasties. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 1991;62(5):419‐21. [MEDLINE: 92057634; CN‐00079485]

Wurnig 1997 {published data only}

Wurnig C, Auersperg V, Boehler N, Steindl M, Kiss H, Zweymuller K, et al. Short term prophylaxis against heterotopic bone after cementless hip replacement. Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research 1997;(334):175‐83. [MEDLINE: 97158551; EMBASE 97025102, CN‐00135961‐CCTR]

Yutani 1995 {published data only}

Yutani Y, Ohashi H, Nishimura N, Yamano Y. Clinical effect of etidronate disodium (EHDP) on heterotopic ossification following total hip arthroplasty. Osaka City Medical Journal 1995;41(2):63‐73. [MEDLINE: 96274032; CN‐00126501]

Referencias adicionales

Ir a:

Alderson 2004a

Alderson P, Green S, Higgins JPT, editors. MEDLINE highly sensitive search strategies for identifying reports of randomized controlled trials in MEDLINE. Cochrane Reviewers' Handbook 4.2.2 [updated March 2004]; Appendix 5b. In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2004. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Alderson 2004b

Alderson P, Green S, Higgins JPT, editors. Cochrane Reviewers' Handbook 4.2.2 [updated March 2004]. In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2004. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Anonymous. How to review the evidence: systematic identification and review of the scientific literature. Canberra: Biotext, 2000:27‐36.

Banovac 2000

Banovac K. The effect of etidronate on late development of heterotopic ossification after spinal cord injury. Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine 2000;23(1):40‐4. [MEDLINE: 20214547]

Bergman 1997

Bergman SB, Yarkony GM, Stiens SA. Spinal cord injury rehabilitation. 2. Medical complications. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 1997;78(3 Suppl):53‐8. [MEDLINE: 97238031]

Bilvoet 1974

Bijvoet OL, Nollen AJ, Slooff TJ, Feith R. Effect of a diphosphonate on para‐articular ossification after total hip arthroplasty. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 1974;45(6):926‐34. [MEDLINE: 75201466]

Boone 1978

Boone DC, Azen SP, Lin CM, Spence C, Baron C, Lee L. Reliability of goniometric measurements. Physical Therapy 1978;58(11):1355‐60. [MEDLINE: 7903478]

Brooker 1973

Brooker A, Bowerman J, Robinson R, Riley L. Ectopic ossification following total hip replacement. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. American Volume 1973;55(8):1629‐32.

Buschbacher 1992a

Buschbacher R. Heterotopic ossification: a review. Critical Reviews in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 1992;4:199‐213.

Buschbacher 1992b

Buschbacher R, McKinley W, Buschbacher L, Devaney CW, Coplin B. Warfarin in prevention of heterotopic ossification. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 1992;71(2):86‐91. [MEDLINE: 92215513]

Dodds 1993

Dodds TA, Martin DP, Stolov WC, Deyo RA. A validation of the functional independence measurement and its performance among rehabilitation inpatients. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 1993;74(5):531‐6. [MEDLINE: 93256726]

Freed 1982

Freed JH, Hahn H, Menter R, Dillon T. The use of the three‐phase bone scan in the early diagnosis of heterotopic ossification (HO) and in the evaluation of Didronel therapy. Paraplegia 1982;20(4):208‐16. [MEDLINE: 83038210]

Gajdosik 1987

Gajdosik RL, Bohannon RW. Clinical measurement of range of motion. Review of goniometry emphasizing reliability and validity. Physical Therapy 1987;67(12):1867‐72. [MEDLINE: 88068864]

Garland 1980

Garland DE, Blum CE, Waters RL. Periarticular heterotopic ossification in head‐injured adults. Incidence and location. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. American Volume 1980;62(7):1143‐6.

Garland 1983

Garland DE, Keenan MA. Orthopedic strategies in the management of the adult head‐injured patient. Physical Therapy 1983;63(12):2004‐9. [MEDLINE: 84071035]

Garland 1991

Garland DE. A clinical perspective on common forms of acquired heterotopic ossification. Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research 1991;(263):13‐29.

Gennarelli 1988

Gennarelli TA. Heterotopic ossification. Brain Injury 1988;2(2):175‐8. [MEDLINE: 89001515]

Harris 1969

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Orzel JA, Rudd TG. Heterotopic bone formation: clinical, laboratory, and imaging correlation. Journal of Nuclear Medicine 1985;26(2):125‐32. [MEDLINE: 85107280]

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Sferopoulos NK, Anagnostopoulos D. Ectopic bone formation in a child with a head injury: complete regression after immobilisation. International Orthopaedics 1997;21(6):412‐4. [MEDLINE: 98159589]

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Strakowski JA, Wiand JW, Johnson EW. Upper limb musculoskeletal pain syndromes. In: Buschbaker RM, Dumitru D, Johnson EW, Matthews D, Sinaki M editor(s). Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2nd Edition. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996:779.

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Subbarao JV, Garrison SJ. Heterotopic ossification: diagnosis and management, current concepts and controversies. Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine 1999;22(4):273‐83. [MEDLINE: 20213183]

Wharton 1975

Wharton GW. Heterotopic ossification. Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research 1975;(112):142‐9. [MEDLINE: 76064941]

Wright 1994

Wright JG, Moran E, Bogoch ER. Reliability and validity of the grading of heterotopic ossification. Journal of Arthroplasty 1994;9(5):549‐53. [MEDLINE: 95105830]

Yarkony 1996

Yarkony GM, Chen D. Rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injuries. In: Buschbaker RM, Dumitru D, Johnson EW, Matthews D, Sinaki M editor(s). Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2nd Edition. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996:1162‐63.

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Characteristics of studies

Characteristics of included studies [ordered by study ID]

Ir a:

Ono 1988

Methods

Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial
Allocation by central controller
Blinded outcome assessment

Participants

Country: Japan
85 participants (57 with pre‐trial HO documented by radiography)
Inclusion criteria: radiological evidence of grade 0‐1 HO; spinal cord injury with either symptoms of HO, increasing serum alkaline phosphatase levels, or HO on bone scintigraphy.
Exclusion criteria: age <16 years, other abnormal serum biochemistry; severe hepatic or renal impairment; osteomalacia; peptic ulcer; ingestion of NSAIDs, corticosteroids, or Vitamin D.
The sample was predominantly males (89%); inpatients (86%); had HO at the hip or knee (94%), and; had complete spinal injuries (85%) at T12 or above (84%). The time elapsed since their spinal injury was greater than one year in 27% of cases.

Interventions

Disodium etidronate 1000 mg/day or placebo for 12 weeks. However, 3 participants in the placebo group received EHDP between weeks 12‐24 of the study.

Outcomes

Radiographic HO of hip graded according to revised Finerman classification (Finerman 1981). Composite outcome including HO grade, joint range of motion, inflammatory symptoms) are reported after 12 weeks according to pre‐trial HO status. HO progression (based on Finerman grade) at various joint types pooled according to the options: improved, unchanged, and proceeding. Individual outcomes (range of motion, swelling, heat, pain) after 24‐weeks are incompletely reported (and not according to baseline HO status). Five participants (2 in EHDP group and 3 in placebo group) excluded from the analysis and reasons explained.

Notes

Japanese study. Only those participants with baseline HO on radiograph included in analysis (at the completion of 12 weeks of treatment). Contact made with authors but outcomes are not available for participants who were negative for HO on radiography but positive on bone scintigraphy. Insufficient data for analysis after the cessation of treatment (radiographic outcomes not stratified by baseline HO status and completion rate 55% at 24 weeks).

Risk of bias

Bias

Authors' judgement

Support for judgement

Allocation concealment?

Low risk

A ‐ Adequate
Stover 1976

Methods

Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial
Allocation method unclear
Blinded outcome assessment

Participants

Country: USA
166 participants (35 with pre‐trial HO documented by radiography)
Inclusion criteria: male, age>16 years, participants 20‐121 days after motor‐complete spinal cord injury (mean 57 days), no severe acute or chronic disease, <2 weeks of corticosteroids following injury. The mean total baseline HO grade was 1.84 across 4 joints (median=1).

Interventions

Disodium etidronate 20 mg/kg/day for 2 weeks, followed by 10 mg/kg/day for 10 weeks, or placebo for 12 weeks.

Outcomes

Radiographic HO graded at both hip and knee joints and summed at 4 sites (2 hips & 2 knees) based on a 0‐4 Finerman scale (Finerman 1981) (giving a total score range of 0‐16). Change in grade determined using overall summed score. Side effect profile also presented (but not according to pre‐trial HO status). Seventeen participants (8 in EHDP group and 9 in placebo group) excluded from the analysis (reasons uncertain).

Notes

Only those participants with baseline heterotopic ossification on radiograph included in analysis (at the completion of 12 weeks of treatment). Contact made with authors but individual data not available, nor side effect profiles according to baseline HO status. Insufficient radiographic data (19% at 9‐12 months) for analysis after the cessation of treatment.

Risk of bias

Bias

Authors' judgement

Support for judgement

Allocation concealment?

Unclear risk

B ‐ Unclear

Abbreviations
EHDP: disodium etidronate (generic name of disodium ethane‐1‐hydroxy‐1, 1‐diphosphonate)
HO: heterotopic ossification

Characteristics of excluded studies [ordered by study ID]

Ir a:

Study

Reason for exclusion

Ahrengart 1994

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of ibuprofen for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Bijvoet 1974

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised controlled trial of disodium etidronate for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Bremen‐Kuhne 1997

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised controlled trial of indomethacin or radiotherapy for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Burd 2001

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised controlled trial of indomethacin or radiotherapy for preventing heterotopic ossification after surgical treatment of acetabular fractures.

Burd 2003

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised controlled trial of indomethacin or radiotherapy for preventing heterotopic ossification after surgical treatment of acetabular fractures (subjects same as in Burd 2001). Reports side effect profiles rather than heterotopic ossification outcomes.

Burssens 1995

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of tenoxicam for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Dorn 1998

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised controlled trial of indomethacin (4 days versus 8 days) for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Elmstedt 1985

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of ibuprofen for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Eyb 1983

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Quasi‐randomised trial of oxyphenbutazone and aspirin versus heparin for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Finerman 1977

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of disodium etidronate for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Finerman 1981

Summary of two double‐blind placebo‐controlled trials of disodium etidronate for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty or spinal cord injury. Results reported previously in Stover et al 1976 and Finerman et al 1977.

Fransen 2004

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Protocol for randomised controlled trial of ibuprofen versus placebo for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty. Study not yet completed.

Gebuhr 1991

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of naproxen sodium for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Gebuhr 1996

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of tenoxicam 20 mg or 40 mg versus morphine for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Gierse 1997

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of tenoxicam versus paracetamol for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Hoikka 1990

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of flurbiprofen for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Kienapfel 1999

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised trial comparing radiotherapy and indomethacin for the prevention of heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Kjaersgaard‐And 1988

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of indomethacin for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty. Intermediate outcome (Alkaline Phosphatase) is main focus of study. Heterotopic ossification outcomes reported previously in Schmidt et al 1988.

Kjaersgaard‐And 1989

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of indomethacin for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty. Intermediate outcome (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate) is main focus of study. Heterotopic ossification outcomes reported previously in Schmidt et al 1988.

Kjaersgaard‐And 1993

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of indomethacin for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Knahr 1988a

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Quasi‐randomised trial of low‐dose heparin versus acetylsalicylic acid and oxyphenbutazone for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Knahr 1988b

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Quasi‐randomised trial of low‐dose heparin versus dextran for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Knahr 1988c

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Quasi‐randomised trial of low‐dose heparin versus indomethacin and heparin dihydroergotamine for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Knelles 1997

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised trial comparing indomethacin, acetylsalicylic acid and radiotherapy for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Kolbl 1997a

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised trial comparing radiotherapy, acetylsalicylic acid and indomethacin for the prevention of heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Kolbl 1997b

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised trial comparing radiotherapy and indomethacin for the prevention of heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Kolbl 1998

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised trial comparing radiotherapy and diclofenac for the prevention of heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Kristensen 1990

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of indomethacin for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty. Outcomes reported previously in Schmidt et al 1988.

Kuswetter 1996

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised controlled trial of diclofenac versus radiotherapy for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Legenstein 2003

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Quasi‐randomised trial of indomethacin versus meloxicam for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Martini 1995

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Trial of indomethacin versus radiotherapy for preventing heterotopic ossification. Side effect profile but not heterotopic ossification outcomes reported.

Matta 1997

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Quasi‐randomised trial of indomethacin for preventing heterotopic ossification after acetabular fracture surgery.

Mendelson 1996

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Controlled trial comparing acetylsalicylic acid, indomethacin and coumadin for preventing heterotopic ossification after hip arthroplasty.

Metzenroth 1991

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised placebo‐controlled trial comparing ranitidine and sucralfate for preventing gastrointestinal complications for participants taking indomethacin to prevent heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty. Heterotopic ossification outcomes reported.

Minaire 1981

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised placebo‐controlled trial of disodium dichloromethylene diphosphonate to prevent osteoporosis and heterotopic ossification following spinal cord injury.

Moore 1998

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised trial of indomethacin versus radiotherapy to prevent heterotopic ossification following acetabular fracture surgery.

Neal 2000

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of aspirin for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Nilsson 1991

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of ibuprofen for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Persson 1998

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of ibuprofen for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty. Data reported previously in Nilsson et al 1991.

Pritchett 1995

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of ketorolac for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Randelli 1992

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Quasi‐randomised controlled trial of indomethacin for preventing heterotopic ossification after Chiari osteotomy of the pelvis.

Reis 1992

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of diclofenac for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Sahin Akkoc 1999

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of indomethacin for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Schmidt 1988

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of indomethacin for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Sell 1997

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised controlled trial of diclofenac versus radiotherapy for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Sell 1998

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised controlled trial of diclofenac versus radiotherapy for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Sell 2004

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised controlled trial of two different doses of diclofenac for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Slooff 1974

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised controlled trial of disodium etidronate for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty. Data presented previously in Bijvoet 1974.

Stover 1976b

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Controlled trial of disodium etidronate for preventing recurrence of heterotopic ossification after surgical resection.

Thomas 1985

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Controlled trial of disodium etidronate for preventing heterotopic ossification after hip arthroplasty.

Vielpeau 1999

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of naproxen versus indomethacin for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Wahlstrom 1991

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of diclofenac for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Wurnig 1997

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Randomised controlled trial of indomethacin (7 versus 14 days) for preventing heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty.

Yutani 1995

Participants did not have acute heterotopic ossification. Controlled trial of disodium etidronate for preventing heterotopic ossification after hip arthroplasty.

Data and analyses

Open in table viewer
Comparison 1. Disodium etidronate versus placebo

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 No progression in HO grade versus progression (end of 12 weeks of treatment) Show forest plot

2

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only
Analysis 1.1
Comparison 1 Disodium etidronate versus placebo, Outcome 1 No progression in HO grade versus progression (end of 12 weeks of treatment).

Comparison 1 Disodium etidronate versus placebo, Outcome 1 No progression in HO grade versus progression (end of 12 weeks of treatment).

2 Improvement in HO grade versus no improvement (end of 12 weeks of treatment) Show forest plot

2

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Totals not selected
Analysis 1.2
Comparison 1 Disodium etidronate versus placebo, Outcome 2 Improvement in HO grade versus no improvement (end of 12 weeks of treatment).

Comparison 1 Disodium etidronate versus placebo, Outcome 2 Improvement in HO grade versus no improvement (end of 12 weeks of treatment).

Comparison 1 Disodium etidronate versus placebo, Outcome 1 No progression in HO grade versus progression (end of 12 weeks of treatment).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 Disodium etidronate versus placebo, Outcome 1 No progression in HO grade versus progression (end of 12 weeks of treatment).

Ir a la figura de la revisiónAbrir en una pestaña nueva

Comparison 1 Disodium etidronate versus placebo, Outcome 2 Improvement in HO grade versus no improvement (end of 12 weeks of treatment).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 Disodium etidronate versus placebo, Outcome 2 Improvement in HO grade versus no improvement (end of 12 weeks of treatment).

Ir a la figura de la revisiónAbrir en una pestaña nueva
Comparison 1. Disodium etidronate versus placebo

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 No progression in HO grade versus progression (end of 12 weeks of treatment) Show forest plot

2

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

2 Improvement in HO grade versus no improvement (end of 12 weeks of treatment) Show forest plot

2

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Totals not selected
Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 1. Disodium etidronate versus placebo
Ir a la tabla de la revisión