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Comparison 1 Fatal/nonfatal lactic acidosis, Outcome 1 Lactic acidosis incidence per patient‐years (metformin minus non‐metformin).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 Fatal/nonfatal lactic acidosis, Outcome 1 Lactic acidosis incidence per patient‐years (metformin minus non‐metformin).

Comparison 2 Blood lactate levels, Outcome 1 Net treatment effect, lactate levels (mmol/L).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.1

Comparison 2 Blood lactate levels, Outcome 1 Net treatment effect, lactate levels (mmol/L).

Comparison 2 Blood lactate levels, Outcome 2 Mean treatment lactate levels (mmol/L).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.2

Comparison 2 Blood lactate levels, Outcome 2 Mean treatment lactate levels (mmol/L).

Comparison 2 Blood lactate levels, Outcome 3 Peak stimulated lactate levels (mmol/L).
Figuras y tablas -
Analysis 2.3

Comparison 2 Blood lactate levels, Outcome 3 Peak stimulated lactate levels (mmol/L).

Comparison 1. Fatal/nonfatal lactic acidosis

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Lactic acidosis incidence per patient‐years (metformin minus non‐metformin) Show forest plot

148

62960

Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [‐0.00, 0.00]

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 1. Fatal/nonfatal lactic acidosis
Comparison 2. Blood lactate levels

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Net treatment effect, lactate levels (mmol/L) Show forest plot

7

222

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.12 [‐0.01, 0.25]

1.1 Net treatment effect, lactate levels (metformin minus non‐metformin, mmol/L)

7

222

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.12 [‐0.01, 0.25]

2 Mean treatment lactate levels (mmol/L) Show forest plot

19

1547

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.09 [‐0.13, ‐0.05]

2.1 Mean treatment lactate levels (metformin minus non‐metformin, mmol/L)

16

1387

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.04 [‐0.00, 0.09]

2.2 Mean treatment lactate levels (metformin minus phenformin, mmol/L)

3

160

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.75 [‐0.86, ‐0.65]

3 Peak stimulated lactate levels (mmol/L) Show forest plot

4

92

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.08 [‐0.05, 0.20]

3.1 Peak stimulated lactate levels (metformin minus non‐metformin, mmol/L)

3

72

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.09 [‐0.03, 0.22]

3.2 Peak stimulated lactate levels (metformin minus phenformin, mmol/L)

1

20

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.37 [‐1.06, 0.32]

Figuras y tablas -
Comparison 2. Blood lactate levels