Antibiotici u liječenju stečene upale pluća u adolescenata i odraslih izvanbolničkih pacijenata
Información
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002109.pub4Copiar DOI
- Base de datos:
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- Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
- Versión publicada:
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- 09 octubre 2014see what's new
- Tipo:
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- Intervention
- Etapa:
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- Review
- Grupo Editorial Cochrane:
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Grupo Cochrane de Infecciones respiratorias agudas
- Copyright:
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- Copyright © 2014 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Autores
Contributions of authors
Smita Pakhale and Sunita Mulpuru independently screened abstracts and full articles for inclusion in this review. They decided, by mutual agreement, which articles to include, extracted the data from these articles, performed the quantitative analyses, wrote the text, tables and figures of this review and made modifications to this review based on the comments of peer and consumer referees.
Lise M Bjerre was the lead author on the first two iterations of this review (2004, 2009); as such, she made substantial contributions to study design and to data acquisition, analysis and interpretation; she also wrote the text of these two earlier reviews, which form the backbone of the present review, with editorial input from MMK and TJMV. For the present review, she provided background information and guidance to the new lead author (Smita Pakhale) with respect to the search criteria and the overall process of the Cochrane review; she critically reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content and approved the final version for submission.
Michael M Kochen (MMK) co‐wrote the protocol, defined the search strategy and did a preliminary screening of abstracts for inclusion into the 2004 and 2009 reviews. He also critically reviewed and edited the text of this review at various stages in its development.
Theo JM Verheij (TJMV) co‐wrote the protocol, screened abstracts and full articles for inclusion in the study and decided, in agreement with LMB, which articles to include for 2004 and 2009 reviews. He also critically reviewed and edited the text of the review at various stages in its development for all three reviews.
Gernot GU Rohde critically reviewed the protocol and data extraction tool and contributed to the revision and critical review of this manuscript.
All authors agreed upon the final draft of this review prior to submission.
Sources of support
Internal sources
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No external funding was received for this review. Dr. Smita Pakhale being a full‐time staff respirologist and a clinician scientist receives support from the Department of Medicine, the Ottawa Hospital, and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Canada.
External sources
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None, Other.
Declarations of interest
Smita Pakhale: no potential conflicts of interest to declare.
Sunita Mulpuru: no potential conflicts of interest to declare.
Theo JM Verheij: I participated in an RCT on the effects of pneumococcal vaccination, funded by Pfizer.
Michael M Kochen: no potential conflicts of interest to declare.
Gernot GU Rohde: Dr. Rohde received financial benefits for advisory board memberships from Pfizer and consultancy work for Novartis and Takeda as well as payments for lectures from Pfizer, Chiesi, Astra‐Zeneca, GSK, Novartis and Grünenthal.
Lise M Bjerre: Dr. Bjerre currently holds operating foundation grants as principal investigator from the Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR) and the Centre for Learning, Research and Innovation in Long‐term care (CLRI) of the Ministry of Health of Ontario; she is also co‐investigator on other CIHR grants. She has never accepted remuneration, gifts or research funds in any form from drug or device manufacturers, or other member of the pharmaceutical industry.
Acknowledgements
We thank the authors we contacted during the second revision of this review (Bjerre 2009), who kindly replied to our requests for additional information: Dr. Lorenzo Aguilar, Dr. Claude Carbon, Dr. Lars Hagberg, Dr. Karen Higgins, Dr. Shigeru Kohno, Dr. Hartmut Lode, Dr. Lala Mathers Dunbar and Dr. Antoni Torres Martí. Many thanks to Dr. Frederike Behn for precious help with parts of the data extraction process in the first version of this review (Bjerre 2004). We also wish to thank the following people for commenting on drafts of this review: Clare Jeffrey, Anne Lyddiatt, Mary Baldwin, Deviprasad Mohapatra, Tina Tan, Balwinder Singh, William Cayley, Mark Jones, Robert Ware and Roger Damoiseaux. Last, but not least, we thank the Acute Respiratory Infections Group editorial team for enduring support and guidance, in particular Liz Dooley (Managing Editor), as well as Ruth Foxlee and Sarah Thorning (respectively, past and present Trials Search Co‐ordinators).
In this current 2014 update, we wish to thank Dr. Rosendo Rodriguez, Dr. Gonzalo Alvarez, Dr. Mathieu Saint Pierre, Dr. Jacqueline Sandoz and Dr. Keiko Asakawa for their assistance with translation of Spanish, French and Japanese articles. We also acknowledge and thank Ms. Lara Bajar, administrative assistant for Dr. Smita Pakhale, for administrative assistance with management of the articles.
Version history
| Published | Title | Stage | Authors | Version |
| 2014 Oct 09 | Antibiotics for community‐acquired pneumonia in adult outpatients | Review | Smita Pakhale, Sunita Mulpuru, Theo JM Verheij, Michael M Kochen, Gernot GU Rohde, Lise M Bjerre | |
| 2009 Oct 07 | Antibiotics for community acquired pneumonia in adult outpatients | Review | Lise M Bjerre, Theo JM Verheij, Michael M Kochen | |
| 2009 Jul 08 | Antibiotics for community acquired pneumonia in adult outpatients | Review | Lise M Bjerre, Theo JM Verheij, Michael M Kochen | |
| 1999 Sep 09 | Antibiotics for community acquired pneumonia in adult outpatients | Protocol | Theo TJM Verheij, Michael M Kochen, IM Hoepelman, JWJ Lammers, John J Macfarlane, MA Woodhead | |
Differences between protocol and review
In our first review of this topic, published in 2004 (Bjerre 2004), as per protocol we contacted the following antibiotics manufacturers to identify any additional published or unpublished studies: Abbott, AstraZeneca, Aventis, Boehringer‐Ingelheim, Bristol‐Myers‐Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Hoffmann‐LaRoche, Lilly, Merck, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Pharmacia, Sanofi and Yamanouchi. This search yielded no new studies. Starting with this update, we decided to no longer contact pharmaceutical companies to ask about unpublished studies. This decision was made for two reasons: first, because of the very low yield of this search strategy, compared to the significant amount of time it requires; and second, because this search strategy provides an unfair advantage to unpublished studies carried out by industry, as opposed to government or academia, where an equivalent search strategy is not readily available.
In this review and the second update of this review (Bjerre 2009), we excluded studies of antibiotics that have been withdrawn from the market or are no longer licensed for the treatment of outpatients with CAP, due to severe adverse effects. For example, studies assessing the following fluoroquinolones were excluded: gatifloxacin, grepafloxacin, sparfloxacin, temafloxacin and trovafloxacin.
Finally, in the second update (Bjerre 2009), and in this 2014 update, we applied the new 'Risk of bias' tools (tables, summary figures and graphs) newly made available in RevMan 2014. These tools were not available at the time our protocol and our first review (Bjerre 2004) were written and published.
