Antibiotics for acute bronchitis

Susan M Smith; Tom Fahey; John Smucny; Lorne A Becker

doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000245.pub2

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Figure 1

'Risk of bias' summary: review authors' judgements about each methodological quality item for each included study.

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Figure 2

'Risk of bias' graph: review authors' judgements about each methodological quality item presented as percentages across all included studies.

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Figure 3

Forest plot of comparison: 12 Clinically improved, outcome: 12.1 Number of patients reporting no limitations or described as cured/well/globally improved.

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Figure 4

Forest plot of comparison: 1 Cough at follow‐up visit, outcome: 1.1 number of patients with cough.

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Figure 5

Forest plot of comparison: 2 Night cough at follow‐up visit, outcome: 2.1 number of patients with night cough.

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Figure 6

Forest plot of comparison: 5 Not improved by physician's global assessment at follow‐up visit, outcome: 5.1 number of patients not improved.

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Figure 7

Forest plot of comparison: 6 Abnormal lung exam at follow‐up visit, outcome: 6.1 number of patients with abnormal lung exams.

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Figure 8

Forest plot of comparison: 11 Days of feeling ill, outcome: 11.1 mean number of days of feeling ill.

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Figure 9

Forest plot of comparison: 10 Days of impaired activities, outcome: 10.1 mean number of days of impaired activities.

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Figure 10

Forest plot of comparison: 3 Productive cough at follow‐up visit, outcome: 3.1 number of patients with productive cough.

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Figure 11

Forest plot of comparison: 4 Number of patients with limitations.

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Figure 12

Forest plot of comparison: 8 Days of cough, outcome: 8.1 mean number of days of cough.

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Figure 13

Forest plot of comparison: 9 Days of productive cough, outcome: 9.1 mean number of days of productive cough.

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Figure 14

Forest plot of comparison: 7 Number of patients with adverse effects.

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Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 Cough at follow‐up visit, Outcome 1 Number of patients with cough.

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Analysis 2.1

Comparison 2 Night cough at follow‐up visit, Outcome 1 Number of patients with night cough.

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Analysis 3.1

Comparison 3 Productive cough at follow‐up visit, Outcome 1 Number of patients with productive cough.

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Analysis 4.1

Comparison 4 Limitation in work or activities at follow‐up visit, Outcome 1 Number of patients with limitations.

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Analysis 5.1

Comparison 5 Not improved by physician's global assessment at follow‐up visit, Outcome 1 Number of patients not improved.

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Analysis 6.1

Comparison 6 Abnormal lung exam at follow‐up visit, Outcome 1 Number of patients with abnormal lung exams.

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Analysis 7.1

Comparison 7 Adverse effects, Outcome 1 Number of patients with adverse effects.

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Analysis 8.1

Comparison 8 Days of cough, Outcome 1 Mean number of days of cough.

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Analysis 9.1

Comparison 9 Days of productive cough, Outcome 1 Mean number of days of productive cough.

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Analysis 10.1

Comparison 10 Days of impaired activities, Outcome 1 Mean number of days of impaired activities.

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Analysis 11.1

Comparison 11 Days of feeling ill, Outcome 1 Mean number of days of feeling ill.

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Analysis 12.1

Comparison 12 Clinically improved, Outcome 1 Number of patients reporting no limitations or described as cured/globally improved.

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Comparison 1. Cough at follow‐up visit

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Number of patients with cough Show forest plot	4	275	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.64 [0.49, 0.85]

Comparison 1. Cough at follow‐up visit

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Comparison 2. Night cough at follow‐up visit

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Number of patients with night cough Show forest plot	4	538	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.67 [0.54, 0.83]

Comparison 2. Night cough at follow‐up visit

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Comparison 3. Productive cough at follow‐up visit

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Number of patients with productive cough Show forest plot	7	713	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.97 [0.82, 1.16]

1.1 Acute bronchitis studies	6	549	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.88 [0.72, 1.08]
1.2 Subgroup with productive cough from URTI study	1	164	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.24 [0.88, 1.75]

Comparison 3. Productive cough at follow‐up visit

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Comparison 4. Limitation in work or activities at follow‐up visit

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Number of patients with limitations Show forest plot	5	478	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.75 [0.46, 1.22]

Comparison 4. Limitation in work or activities at follow‐up visit

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Comparison 5. Not improved by physician's global assessment at follow‐up visit

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Number of patients not improved Show forest plot	6	891	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.61 [0.48, 0.79]

1.1 Acute bronchitis studies	5	816	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.44 [0.30, 0.65]
1.2 Subgroup with non‐purulent tracheobronchitis from URTI study	1	75	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.03 [0.82, 1.29]

Comparison 5. Not improved by physician's global assessment at follow‐up visit

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Comparison 6. Abnormal lung exam at follow‐up visit

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Number of patients with abnormal lung exams Show forest plot	5	613	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.54 [0.41, 0.70]

Comparison 6. Abnormal lung exam at follow‐up visit

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Comparison 7. Adverse effects

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Number of patients with adverse effects Show forest plot	10	1509	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.15 [0.92, 1.44]

1.1 Acute bronchitis studies	9	1175	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.22 [0.94, 1.58]
1.2 Subgroup with no placebo control	1	334	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.95 [0.61, 1.50]

Comparison 7. Adverse effects

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Comparison 8. Days of cough

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Mean number of days of cough Show forest plot	6	969	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.44 [‐0.95, 0.07]

1.1 Acute bronchitis studies	5	543	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.58 [‐1.16, ‐0.01]
1.2 Subgroup with no placebo control	1	426	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.11 [‐1.01, 1.23]

Comparison 8. Days of cough

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Comparison 9. Days of productive cough

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Mean number of days of productive cough Show forest plot	6	699	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.43 [‐0.93, 0.07]

1.1 Acute bronchitis studies	5	535	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.52 [‐1.03, ‐0.01]
1.2 Subgroup with productive cough from URTI study	1	164	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.04 [‐1.04, 3.12]

Comparison 9. Days of productive cough

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Comparison 10. Days of impaired activities

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Mean number of days of impaired activities Show forest plot	6	767	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.49 [‐0.94, ‐0.04]

1.1 Acute bronchitis studies	5	393	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.48 [‐0.96, 0.01]
1.2 Subgroup with no placebo control	1	374	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.57 [‐1.75, 0.61]

Comparison 10. Days of impaired activities

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Comparison 11. Days of feeling ill

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Mean number of days of feeling ill Show forest plot	5	809	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.64 [‐1.16, ‐0.13]

1.1 Acute bronchitis studies	4	435	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.58 [‐1.16, ‐0.00]
1.2 Subgroup with no placebo control	1	374	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.86 [‐1.97, 0.25]

Comparison 11. Days of feeling ill

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Comparison 12. Clinically improved

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Number of patients reporting no limitations or described as cured/globally improved Show forest plot	9	1754	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.06 [1.02, 1.10]

Comparison 12. Clinically improved

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