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Comparison 1 Pneumatic Dilation versus Botulinum Toxin Injection, Outcome 1 Initial remission.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 Pneumatic Dilation versus Botulinum Toxin Injection, Outcome 1 Initial remission.

Comparison 1 Pneumatic Dilation versus Botulinum Toxin Injection, Outcome 2 Mean oesophageal pressure within first four weeks.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 Pneumatic Dilation versus Botulinum Toxin Injection, Outcome 2 Mean oesophageal pressure within first four weeks.

Comparison 1 Pneumatic Dilation versus Botulinum Toxin Injection, Outcome 3 Remission at six months.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.3

Comparison 1 Pneumatic Dilation versus Botulinum Toxin Injection, Outcome 3 Remission at six months.

Comparison 1 Pneumatic Dilation versus Botulinum Toxin Injection, Outcome 4 Remission at twelve months.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.4

Comparison 1 Pneumatic Dilation versus Botulinum Toxin Injection, Outcome 4 Remission at twelve months.

Table 1. Studies meeting selection criteria but excluded from the meta‐analysis

Study

methods

Remission 1 month

Remission 6 months

Remission 12 months

Mean LOS pressure

Complications

Annese 1996

8 participants 100U BTX and 8 participants PD.
PD: day 1 ‐ Rigiflex 30mm. Day 2 and 3 ‐ 35mm balloon
BTX relapsers retreated.

PD 8/8
BTX 8/8

PD 8/8
BTX 6/8

PD 8/8
BTX 1/8

PD ‐72%
BTX ‐44%

none

Muehldorfer 1999

12 participants 80 Units BTX and 12 PD 40mm day 1 & 3.
BTX repeated at 1 week in 4 non responders.

PD 10/12
BTX 9/12

PD 9/12
BTX 6/12

PD 8/12
BTX 3/12

PD ‐50%
BTX ‐44%

none

Figures and Tables -
Table 1. Studies meeting selection criteria but excluded from the meta‐analysis
Comparison 1. Pneumatic Dilation versus Botulinum Toxin Injection

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Initial remission Show forest plot

4

132

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.15 [0.95, 1.38]

2 Mean oesophageal pressure within first four weeks Show forest plot

3

90

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.77 [‐2.44, 0.91]

3 Remission at six months Show forest plot

2

56

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.90 [1.48, 5.67]

4 Remission at twelve months Show forest plot

3

90

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.67 [1.58, 4.52]

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 1. Pneumatic Dilation versus Botulinum Toxin Injection