Scolaris Content Display Scolaris Content Display

Comparison 1 Caudal analgesia versus parenteral analgesia, Outcome 1 Need for analgesia.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 Caudal analgesia versus parenteral analgesia, Outcome 1 Need for analgesia.

Comparison 1 Caudal analgesia versus parenteral analgesia, Outcome 2 Nausea or vomiting.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 Caudal analgesia versus parenteral analgesia, Outcome 2 Nausea or vomiting.

Comparison 2 Caudal analgesia versus dorsal nerve penile block, Outcome 1 Need for any analgesia (rescue or other).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.1

Comparison 2 Caudal analgesia versus dorsal nerve penile block, Outcome 1 Need for any analgesia (rescue or other).

Comparison 2 Caudal analgesia versus dorsal nerve penile block, Outcome 2 Need for rescue analgesia.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.2

Comparison 2 Caudal analgesia versus dorsal nerve penile block, Outcome 2 Need for rescue analgesia.

Comparison 2 Caudal analgesia versus dorsal nerve penile block, Outcome 3 Other analgesia.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.3

Comparison 2 Caudal analgesia versus dorsal nerve penile block, Outcome 3 Other analgesia.

Comparison 2 Caudal analgesia versus dorsal nerve penile block, Outcome 4 Pain score.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.4

Comparison 2 Caudal analgesia versus dorsal nerve penile block, Outcome 4 Pain score.

Comparison 2 Caudal analgesia versus dorsal nerve penile block, Outcome 5 Complications.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.5

Comparison 2 Caudal analgesia versus dorsal nerve penile block, Outcome 5 Complications.

Comparison 2 Caudal analgesia versus dorsal nerve penile block, Outcome 6 Time to discharge home (mins).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.6

Comparison 2 Caudal analgesia versus dorsal nerve penile block, Outcome 6 Time to discharge home (mins).

Comparison 2 Caudal analgesia versus dorsal nerve penile block, Outcome 7 Parental satisfaction.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.7

Comparison 2 Caudal analgesia versus dorsal nerve penile block, Outcome 7 Parental satisfaction.

Comparison 2 Caudal analgesia versus dorsal nerve penile block, Outcome 8 Procedural time (mins).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.8

Comparison 2 Caudal analgesia versus dorsal nerve penile block, Outcome 8 Procedural time (mins).

Study

Caudal (mean) mins

Caudal (range), mins

DNBP (mean) mins

DNBP (range) mins

p value

recovery room stay

Mak 2001

15.2 (n=63)

10‐30

15.5 (n=63)

(10‐25)

pns

Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.9

Comparison 2 Caudal analgesia versus dorsal nerve penile block, Outcome 9 Hospital stay.

Comparison 3 Caudal analgesia versus rectal or intravenous, Outcome 1 Need for any analgesia (rescue or other).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 3.1

Comparison 3 Caudal analgesia versus rectal or intravenous, Outcome 1 Need for any analgesia (rescue or other).

Comparison 3 Caudal analgesia versus rectal or intravenous, Outcome 2 Need for rescue analgesia.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 3.2

Comparison 3 Caudal analgesia versus rectal or intravenous, Outcome 2 Need for rescue analgesia.

Comparison 3 Caudal analgesia versus rectal or intravenous, Outcome 3 Other analgesia.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 3.3

Comparison 3 Caudal analgesia versus rectal or intravenous, Outcome 3 Other analgesia.

Comparison 3 Caudal analgesia versus rectal or intravenous, Outcome 4 Complications.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 3.4

Comparison 3 Caudal analgesia versus rectal or intravenous, Outcome 4 Complications.

Study

caudal (mean) mins

caudal (range) mins

rect/i.v. (mean) min

rect/i.v. (range) mi

p value

recovery room stay

Mak 2001

15.2 (n=61)

10‐30

14.6 (n=61)

10‐25

pns

Figures and Tables -
Analysis 3.5

Comparison 3 Caudal analgesia versus rectal or intravenous, Outcome 5 Hospital stay.

Comparison 1. Caudal analgesia versus parenteral analgesia

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Need for analgesia Show forest plot

4

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

1.1 need for any analgesia (rescue or other)

4

235

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.41 [0.12, 1.43]

1.2 need for rescue analgesia

2

131

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.52 [0.05, 5.72]

1.3 other analgesia

2

104

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.54 [0.04, 6.88]

2 Nausea or vomiting Show forest plot

4

235

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.61 [0.36, 1.05]

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 1. Caudal analgesia versus parenteral analgesia
Comparison 2. Caudal analgesia versus dorsal nerve penile block

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Need for any analgesia (rescue or other) Show forest plot

4

336

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

1.25 [0.64, 2.44]

2 Need for rescue analgesia Show forest plot

4

336

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.71 [0.81, 9.09]

3 Other analgesia Show forest plot

2

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

3.1 paracetamol up to 2 hours postop

1

126

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.33 [0.01, 8.03]

3.2 paracetamol on day of operation

1

126

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.92 [0.68, 1.24]

3.3 paracetamol at home

1

100

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.67 [0.66, 4.24]

4 Pain score Show forest plot

1

100

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.5 [‐0.17, 1.17]

5 Complications Show forest plot

5

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

5.1 nausea and vomiting

4

336

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

1.88 [0.70, 5.04]

5.2 motor block

1

100

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

17.0 [1.01, 286.82]

5.3 motor/leg weakness

2

110

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

10.07 [1.25, 81.32]

5.4 bleeding

1

126

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

1.0 [0.06, 15.64]

5.5 bruising of skin/at needle site

3

274

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.34 [0.07, 1.82]

5.6 tachycardia

1

100

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

2.0 [0.53, 7.56]

5.7 phonation

1

100

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

3.00 [0.32, 27.87]

5.8 movement

1

100

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.20 [0.01, 4.06]

5.9 eating disturbance

1

57

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.89 [0.27, 2.97]

5.10 sleep disturbance

1

57

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

1.30 [0.73, 2.29]

5.11 behavioural disturbance

1

57

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.91 [0.45, 1.85]

5.12 urinary retention

1

57

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

6 Time to discharge home (mins) Show forest plot

1

100

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

37.0 [18.97, 55.03]

7 Parental satisfaction Show forest plot

1

100

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

‐0.10 [‐0.58, 0.38]

8 Procedural time (mins) Show forest plot

1

100

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.90 [1.33, 2.47]

9 Hospital stay Show forest plot

Other data

No numeric data

9.1 recovery room stay

Other data

No numeric data

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 2. Caudal analgesia versus dorsal nerve penile block
Comparison 3. Caudal analgesia versus rectal or intravenous

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Need for any analgesia (rescue or other) Show forest plot

2

164

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.81 [0.51, 1.27]

2 Need for rescue analgesia Show forest plot

1

124

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

4.84 [0.24, 98.88]

3 Other analgesia Show forest plot

2

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

3.1 acetaminophen before discharge

1

40

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.6 [0.35, 1.04]

3.2 paracetamol up to 2 hours postop

1

124

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.19 [0.01, 3.96]

3.3 paracetamol on day of operation

1

124

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.03 [0.75, 1.41]

4 Complications Show forest plot

2

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

4.1 nausea and vomiting

2

164

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.88 [0.14, 5.53]

4.2 bleeding

1

124

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.97 [0.06, 15.14]

4.3 bruising of skin/at needle site

1

124

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

2.91 [0.12, 69.99]

5 Hospital stay Show forest plot

Other data

No numeric data

5.1 recovery room stay

Other data

No numeric data

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 3. Caudal analgesia versus rectal or intravenous