Appendix 1. search strategies

EMBASE (1984 to present)

1. Exp inflammatory bowel diseases/
2. Inflammatory bowel disease.mp.
3. Ulcerative colitis.mp.
4. Crohn.mp.
5. Exp Ulcerative colitis/
6. Exp Crohn/
7. IBD.mp.
8. Down titrat*.mp.
9. Dose titrat*.mp.
10. Dose reduc*.mp.
11. Dose de‐escalation.mp.
12. Withdraw*.mp.
13. Discontinu*.mp.
14. Dose taper*.mp.
15. Cessation.mp.
16. Stop*.mp.
17. Exp Tumor necrosis factor‐alpha/
18. Exp Antibodies, Monoclonal/
19. Exp Antimetabolites/
20. Exp Immunosuppressive agents/
21. Tumor necrosis factor.mp.
22. TNF‐alpha.mp.
23. TNFalpha.mp.
24. Anti‐TNF.mp.
25. AntiTNF.mp.
26. Anti‐tumor necrosis.mp.
27. Antitumor necrosis.mp.
28. Monoclonal antibod*mp.
29. Infliximab.mp.
30. Remicade.mp.
31. Certolizumab.mp.
32. Cimzina.mp.
33. Adalimumab.mp.
34. Humira.mp.
35. Antimetabolites.mp.
36. Anti‐metabolites.mp.
37. Immunomodulator*.mp.
38. Thiopurine.mp.
39. Mercaptopurine.mp.
40. 6‐MP.mp.
41. Azathioprine.mp.
42. Methotrexate.mp.
43. (exp animal/ or animal.hw. or nonhuman/) not (exp human/ or human cell/ or (human or humans).ti.)
44. Or/1‐7
45. Or/8‐16
46. Or/17‐42
47. 43 and 44 and 45 and 46

MEDLINE (1946 to present)

1. Exp inflammatory bowel diseases/
2. Inflammatory bowel disease.mp.
3. Ulcerative colitis.mp.
4. Crohn.mp.
5. Exp Ulcerative colitis/
6. Exp Crohn/
7. IBD.mp.
8. Down titrat*.mp.
9. Dose titrat*.mp.
10. Dose reduc*.mp.
11. Dose de‐escalation.mp.
12. Withdraw*.mp.
13. Discontinu*.mp.
14. Dose taper*.mp.
15. Cessation.mp.
16. Stop*.mp.
17. Exp Tumor necrosis factor‐alpha/
18. Exp Antibodies, Monoclonal/
19. Exp Antimetabolites/
20. Exp Immunosuppressive agents/
21. Tumor necrosis factor.mp.
22. TNF‐alpha.mp.
23. TNFalpha.mp.
24. Anti‐TNF.mp.
25. AntiTNF.mp.
26. Anti‐tumor necrosis.mp.
27. Antitumor necrosis.mp.
28. Monoclonal antibod*mp.
29. Infliximab.mp.
30. Remicade.mp.
31. Certolizumab.mp.
32. Cimzina.mp.
33. Adalimumab.mp.
34. Humira.mp.
35. Antimetabolites.mp.
36. Anti‐metabolites.mp.
37. Immunomodulator*.mp.
38. Thiopurine.mp.
39. Mercaptopurine.mp.
40. 6‐MP.mp.
41. Azathioprine.mp.
42. Methotrexate.mp.
43. (exp animal/ or animal.hw. or nonhuman/) not (exp human/ or human cell/ or (human or humans).ti.)
44. Or/1‐7
45. Or/8‐16
46. Or/17‐42
47. 43 and 44 and 45 and 46

CENTRAL (inception to present)

#1 MeSH descriptor: [Inflammatory bowel diseases] explode all trees
#2 MeSH descriptor: [Crohn Disease] explode all trees
#3 MeSH descriptor: [Colitis, Ulcerative] explode all trees
#4 Crohn
#5 Ulcerative colitis
#6 “Down titrat*” OR “dose titrat*” OR “dose reduc*” OR “dose de‐escalation” OR “withdraw*” OR “discontinu*” OR “dose taper” OR “cessation” OR “stop*”
#7 MeSH descriptor: [Tumor necrosis factor‐alpha] explode all trees
#8 MeSH descriptor: [Antibodies, Monoclonal/] explode all trees
#9 MeSH descriptor: [Antimetabolites/] explode all trees
#10 MeSH descriptor: [Immunosuppressive agents/] explode all trees
#11 “TNF‐alpha” OR “TNFalpha” OR “Anti‐TNF” OR “AntiTNF” OR “Anti‐Tumor” OR “monoclonal antibod*” OR “infliximab” OR “Remicade” OR “certolizumab” OR “Cimzia” OR “adalimumab” OR “Humira” OR “antimetabolite*” OR “anti‐metabolite*” OR “immunomodulator*” OR “thiopurine*” OR “mercaptopurine” OR “6‐MP” OR “azathioprine” OR “methotrexate”
#12 #1 and #2 and #3 and #4 and #5
#13 #7 and #8 and #9 and #10 and #11
#14 #6 and #12 and #13

The Cochrane IBD Group Specialized Register (inception to present)

1. crohn OR colitis OR inflammatory bowel disease or IBD

2. “Down titrat” OR “dose titrat” OR “dose reduc” OR “dose de‐escalation” OR “withdraw” OR “discontinu*” OR “dose taper” OR “cessation” OR “stop”

3. "necrosis" OR "TNF" OR "Anti‐TNF" OR "AntiTNF" OR "monoclonal" OR "immunosuppress" or "immunomodulat" OR "infliximab" OR "remicade" OR "certolizumab" OR "Cimzia" OR "adalimumab" OR "humira" OR "antimetabolite" OR "anti‐metab" OR "thiopurine" OR "mercaptopurine" OR "6‐MP" OR "azathoprine" OR "methotrexate"

4. 1 AND 2 AND 3