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Objetivos de presión arterial para la hipertensión en adultos mayores

Appendices

Appendix 1. Search strategies

Database: Cochrane Hypertension Specialised Register via Cochrane Register of Studies (CRS‐Web)
Search Date: 3 February 2017
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
#1 MeSH DESCRIPTOR Aged EXPLODE ALL TREES

#2 MeSH DESCRIPTOR Health Services for the Aged

#3 MeSH DESCRIPTOR Homes for the Aged

#4 MeSH DESCRIPTOR Long‐term Care

#5 MeSH DESCRIPTOR Nursing Care

#6 MeSH DESCRIPTOR Nursing Homes EXPLODE ALL TREES

#7 ((“advanced years” or ageing or aging or elder* or elderly or frail or geriatric* or gerontolog* or “later life” or “nursing care” or nursing home* or “old age” or “oldest old” or pensioner* or post‐menopausal or postmenopausal or senior or seniors))

#8 (old* NEAR3 (adult* or female* or male* or men or people or person or women))

#9 ((65 year* or "over 65" or "over 70" or "over 75" or "over 80" or "over 85" or 85 year*))

#10 ((aged or aging or ageing or elder* or geriatric* or gerontolog*)):SO

#11 #1 OR #2 OR #3 OR #4 OR #5 OR #6 OR #7 OR #8 OR #9 OR #10

#12 ((goal* or intensive* or strict* or target* or tight*) NEAR5 (antihypertensive* anti‐hypertensive* or bp or control or dbp or diastolic or pressure* or sbp or systolic or treat*))

#13 MeSH DESCRIPTOR Antihypertensive Agents EXPLODE ALL TREES

#14 (ceiling diuretic* OR loop diuretic*)

#15 ((amiloride or benzothiadiazine or bendroflumethiazide or bumetanide or chlorothiazide or cyclopenthiazide or furosemide or hydrochlorothiazide or hydroflumethiazide or methyclothiazide or metolazone or polythiazide or trichlormethiazide or veratide or thiazide*))

#16 ((chlorthalidone or chlortalidone or phthalamudine or chlorphthalidolone or oxodoline or thalitone or hygroton or indapamide or metindamide))

#17 (sodium chloride symporter inhibitor* or sodium potassium chloride symporter inhibitor*)

#18 #14 OR #15 OR #16 OR #17

#19 (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibit*)

#20 (ace NEAR2 inhibit*)

#21 acei

#22 ((alacepril or altiopril or ancovenin or benazepril or captopril or ceranapril or ceronapril or cilazapril or deacetylalacepril or delapril or derapril or enalapril or epicaptopril or fasidotril or fosinopril or foroxymithine or gemopatrilat or idapril or imidapril or indolapril or libenzapril or lisinopril or moexipril or moveltipril or omapatrilat or pentopril* or perindopril* or pivopril or quinapril* or ramipril* or rentiapril or saralasin or s nitrosocaptopril or spirapril* or temocapril* or teprotide or trandolapril* or utibapril* or zabicipril* or zofenopril* or Aceon or Accupril or Altace or Capoten or Lotensin or Mavik or Monopril or Prinivil or Univas or Vasotec or Zestril))

#23 #19 OR #20 OR #21 OR #22

#24 (angiotensin NEAR3 (receptor antagon* or receptor block*))

#25 (arb or arbs)

#26 ((abitesartan or azilsartan or candesartan or elisartan or embusartan or eprosartan or forasartan or irbesartan or losartan or milfasartan or olmesartan or saprisartan or tasosartan or telmisartan or valsartan or zolasartan or Atacand or Avapro or Benicar or Cozaar or Diovan or Micardis or Teveten))

#27 #24 OR #25 OR #26

#28 ((amlodipine or aranidipine or barnidipine or bencyclane or benidipine or bepridil or cilnidipine or cinnarizine or clentiazem or darodipine or diltiazem or efonidipine or elgodipine or etafenone or fantofarone or felodipine or fendiline or flunarizine or gallopamil or isradipine or lacidipine or lercanidipine or lidoflazine or lomerizine or manidipine or mibefradil or nicardipine or nifedipine or niguldipine or nilvadipine or nimodipine or nisoldipine or nitrendipine or perhexiline or prenylamine or semotiadil or terodiline or tiapamil or verapamil or Cardizem CD or Dilacor XR or Tiazac or Cardizem Calan or Isoptin or Calan SR or Isoptin SR Coer or Covera HS or Verelan PM))

#29 (calcium NEAR2 (antagonist* or block* or inhibit*))

#30 #28 OR #29

#31 ((methyldopa or alphamethyldopa or amodopa or dopamet or dopegyt or dopegit or dopegite or emdopa or hyperpax or hyperpaxa or methylpropionic acid or dopergit or meldopa or methyldopate or medopa or medomet or sembrina or aldomet or aldometil or aldomin or hydopa or methyldihydroxyphenylalanine or "methyl dopa" or mulfasin or presinol or presolisin or sedometil or sembrina or taquinil or dihydroxyphenylalanine or methylphenylalanine or methylalanine or "alpha methyl dopa"))

#32 ((reserpine or serpentina or rauwolfia or serpasil))

#33 ((clonidine or adesipress or arkamin or caprysin or catapres* or catasan or chlofazolin or chlophazolin or clinidine or clofelin* or clofenil or clomidine or clondine or clonistada or clonnirit or clophelin* or dichlorophenylaminoimidazoline or dixarit or duraclon or gemiton or haemiton or hemiton or imidazoline or isoglaucon or klofelin or klofenil or m‐5041t or normopresan or paracefan or st‐155 or "st 155" or "tesno timelets"))

#34 ((hydralazin* or hydrallazin* or hydralizine or hydrazinophtalazine or hydrazinophthalazine or hydrazinophtalizine or dralzine or hydralacin or hydrolazine or hypophthalin or hypoftalin or hydrazinophthalazine or idralazina or 1‐hydrazinophthalazine or apressin or nepresol or apressoline or apresoline or apresolin or alphapress or alazine or idralazina or lopress or plethorit or praeparat))

#35 #31 OR #32 OR #33 OR #34

#36 ((acebutolol or adimolol or afurolol or alprenolol or amosulalol or arotinolol or atenolol or befunolol or betaxolol or bevantolol or bisoprolol or bopindolol or bornaprolol or brefonalol or bucindolol or bucumolol or bufetolol or bufuralol or bunitrolol or bunolol or bupranolol or butofilolol or butoxamine or carazolol or carteolol or carvedilol or celiprolol or cetamolol or chlortalidone cloranolol or cyanoiodopindolol or cyanopindolol or deacetylmetipranolol or diacetolol or dihydroalprenolol or dilevalol or epanolol or esmolol or exaprolol or falintolol or flestolol or flusoxolol or hydroxybenzylpinodolol or hydroxycarteolol or hydroxymetoprolol or indenolol or iodocyanopindolol or iodopindolol or iprocrolol or isoxaprolol or labetalol or landiolol or levobunolol or levomoprolol or medroxalol or mepindolol or methylthiopropranolol or metipranolol or metoprolol or moprolol or nadolol or oxprenolol or penbutolol or pindolol or nadolol or nebivolol or nifenalol or nipradilol or oxprenolol or pafenolol or pamatolol or penbutolol or pindolol or practolol or primidolol or prizidilol or procinolol or pronetalol or propranolol or proxodolol or ridazolol or salcardolol or soquinolol or sotalol or spirendolol or talinolol or tertatolol or tienoxolol or tilisolol or timolol or tolamolol or toliprolol or tribendilol or xibenolol))

#37 (beta NEAR2 (adrenergic or antagonist* or block* or receptor*))

#38 #36 OR #37

#39 ((alfuzosin or bunazosin or doxazosin or metazosin or neldazosin or prazosin or silodosin or tamsulosin or terazosin or tiodazosin or trimazosin))

#40 (adrenergic NEAR2 (alpha or antagonist*))

#41 ((adrenergic or alpha or receptor*) NEAR2 block*)

#42 #39 OR #40 OR #41

#43 #13 OR #18 OR #23 OR #27 OR #30 OR #35 OR #38 OR #42

#44 RCT:DE

#45 (Review OR Meta‐Analysis):MISC2

#46 #44 OR #45

#47 #11 AND #12 AND #43 AND #46 (129)

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Database: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials on Wiley <2017, Issue 2> via Cochrane Register of Studies (CRS‐Web)
Search Date: 3 February 2017
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
#1 MeSH DESCRIPTOR Aged EXPLODE ALL TREES AND CENTRAL:TARGET
#2 MeSH DESCRIPTOR Health Services for the Aged AND CENTRAL:TARGET
#3 MeSH DESCRIPTOR Homes for the Aged AND CENTRAL:TARGET
#4 MeSH DESCRIPTOR Long‐term Care AND CENTRAL:TARGET
#5 MeSH DESCRIPTOR Nursing Care AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#6 MeSH DESCRIPTOR Nursing Homes EXPLODE ALL TREES AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#7 ((“advanced years” or ageing or aging or elder* or elderly or frail or geriatric* or gerontolog* or “later life” or “nursing care” or nursing home* or “old age” or “oldest old” or pensioner* or post‐menopausal or postmenopausal or senior or seniors)) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#8 (old* NEAR3 (adult* or female* or male* or men or people or person or women)) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#9 ((65 year* or "over 65" or "over 70" or "over 75" or "over 80" or "over 85" or 85 year*)) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#10 ((aged or aging or ageing or elder* or geriatric* or gerontolog*)):SO AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#11 #1 OR #2 OR #3 OR #4 OR #5 OR #6 OR #7 OR #8 OR #9 OR #10 AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#12 ((goal* or intensive* or strict* or target* or tight*) NEAR5 (antihypertensive* anti‐hypertensive* or bp or control or dbp or diastolic or pressure* or sbp or systolic or treat*)) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#13 MeSH DESCRIPTOR Antihypertensive Agents EXPLODE ALL TREES AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#14 (ceiling diuretic* OR loop diuretic*) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#15 ((amiloride or benzothiadiazine or bendroflumethiazide or bumetanide or chlorothiazide or cyclopenthiazide or furosemide or hydrochlorothiazide or hydroflumethiazide or methyclothiazide or metolazone or polythiazide or trichlormethiazide or veratide or thiazide*)) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#16 ((chlorthalidone or chlortalidone or phthalamudine or chlorphthalidolone or oxodoline or thalitone or hygroton or indapamide or metindamide)) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#17 (sodium chloride symporter inhibitor* or sodium potassium chloride symporter inhibitor*) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#18 #14 OR #15 OR #16 OR #17 AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#19 (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibit*) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#20 (ace NEAR2 inhibit*) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#21 acei AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#22 ((alacepril or altiopril or ancovenin or benazepril or captopril or ceranapril or ceronapril or cilazapril or deacetylalacepril or delapril or derapril or enalapril or epicaptopril or fasidotril or fosinopril or foroxymithine or gemopatrilat or idapril or imidapril or indolapril or libenzapril or lisinopril or moexipril or moveltipril or omapatrilat or pentopril* or perindopril* or pivopril or quinapril* or ramipril* or rentiapril or saralasin or s nitrosocaptopril or spirapril* or temocapril* or teprotide or trandolapril* or utibapril* or zabicipril* or zofenopril* or Aceon or Accupril or Altace or Capoten or Lotensin or Mavik or Monopril or Prinivil or Univas or Vasotec or Zestril)) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#23 #19 OR #20 OR #21 OR #22 AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#24 (angiotensin NEAR3 (receptor antagon* or receptor block*)) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#25 (arb or arbs) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#26 ((abitesartan or azilsartan or candesartan or elisartan or embusartan or eprosartan or forasartan or irbesartan or losartan or milfasartan or olmesartan or saprisartan or tasosartan or telmisartan or valsartan or zolasartan or Atacand or Avapro or Benicar or Cozaar or Diovan or Micardis or Teveten)) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#27 #24 OR #25 OR #26 AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#28 ((amlodipine or aranidipine or barnidipine or bencyclane or benidipine or bepridil or cilnidipine or cinnarizine or clentiazem or darodipine or diltiazem or efonidipine or elgodipine or etafenone or fantofarone or felodipine or fendiline or flunarizine or gallopamil or isradipine or lacidipine or lercanidipine or lidoflazine or lomerizine or manidipine or mibefradil or nicardipine or nifedipine or niguldipine or nilvadipine or nimodipine or nisoldipine or nitrendipine or perhexiline or prenylamine or semotiadil or terodiline or tiapamil or verapamil or Cardizem CD or Dilacor XR or Tiazac or Cardizem Calan or Isoptin or Calan SR or Isoptin SR Coer or Covera HS or Verelan PM)) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#29 (calcium NEAR2 (antagonist* or block* or inhibit*)) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#30 #28 OR #29 AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#31 ((methyldopa or alphamethyldopa or amodopa or dopamet or dopegyt or dopegit or dopegite or emdopa or hyperpax or hyperpaxa or methylpropionic acid or dopergit or meldopa or methyldopate or medopa or medomet or sembrina or aldomet or aldometil or aldomin or hydopa or methyldihydroxyphenylalanine or "methyl dopa" or mulfasin or presinol or presolisin or sedometil or sembrina or taquinil or dihydroxyphenylalanine or methylphenylalanine or methylalanine or "alpha methyl dopa")) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#32 ((reserpine or serpentina or rauwolfia or serpasil)) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#33 ((clonidine or adesipress or arkamin or caprysin or catapres* or catasan or chlofazolin or chlophazolin or clinidine or clofelin* or clofenil or clomidine or clondine or clonistada or clonnirit or clophelin* or dichlorophenylaminoimidazoline or dixarit or duraclon or gemiton or haemiton or hemiton or imidazoline or isoglaucon or klofelin or klofenil or m‐5041t or normopresan or paracefan or st‐155 or "st 155" or "tesno timelets")) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#34 ((hydralazin* or hydrallazin* or hydralizine or hydrazinophtalazine or hydrazinophthalazine or hydrazinophtalizine or dralzine or hydralacin or hydrolazine or hypophthalin or hypoftalin or hydrazinophthalazine or idralazina or 1‐hydrazinophthalazine or apressin or nepresol or apressoline or apresoline or apresolin or alphapress or alazine or idralazina or lopress or plethorit or praeparat)) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#35 #31 OR #32 OR #33 OR #34 AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#36 ((acebutolol or adimolol or afurolol or alprenolol or amosulalol or arotinolol or atenolol or befunolol or betaxolol or bevantolol or bisoprolol or bopindolol or bornaprolol or brefonalol or bucindolol or bucumolol or bufetolol or bufuralol or bunitrolol or bunolol or bupranolol or butofilolol or butoxamine or carazolol or carteolol or carvedilol or celiprolol or cetamolol or chlortalidone cloranolol or cyanoiodopindolol or cyanopindolol or deacetylmetipranolol or diacetolol or dihydroalprenolol or dilevalol or epanolol or esmolol or exaprolol or falintolol or flestolol or flusoxolol or hydroxybenzylpinodolol or hydroxycarteolol or hydroxymetoprolol or indenolol or iodocyanopindolol or iodopindolol or iprocrolol or isoxaprolol or labetalol or landiolol or levobunolol or levomoprolol or medroxalol or mepindolol or methylthiopropranolol or metipranolol or metoprolol or moprolol or nadolol or oxprenolol or penbutolol or pindolol or nadolol or nebivolol or nifenalol or nipradilol or oxprenolol or pafenolol or pamatolol or penbutolol or pindolol or practolol or primidolol or prizidilol or procinolol or pronetalol or propranolol or proxodolol or ridazolol or salcardolol or soquinolol or sotalol or spirendolol or talinolol or tertatolol or tienoxolol or tilisolol or timolol or tolamolol or toliprolol or tribendilol or xibenolol)) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#37 (beta NEAR2 (adrenergic or antagonist* or block* or receptor*)) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#38 #36 OR #37 AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#39 ((alfuzosin or bunazosin or doxazosin or metazosin or neldazosin or prazosin or silodosin or tamsulosin or terazosin or tiodazosin or trimazosin)) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#40 (adrenergic NEAR2 (alpha or antagonist*)) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#41 ((adrenergic or alpha or receptor*) NEAR2 block*) AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#42 #39 OR #40 OR #41 AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#43 #13 OR #18 OR #23 OR #27 OR #30 OR #35 OR #38 OR #42 AND CENTRAL:TARGET

#44 #11 AND #12 AND #43 (169)

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Database: Ovid MEDLINE(R) 1946 to Present with Daily Update
Search Date: 3 February 2017
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
1 exp aged/ (2656661)

2 health services for the aged/ or homes for the aged/ or long‐term care/ or nursing care/ or exp nursing homes/ (99860)

3 (advanced years or ageing or aging or elder? or elderly or frail or geriatric? or gerontolog$ or later life or nursing care or nursing home? or old age or oldest old or pensioner? or post‐menopausal or postmenopausal or senior or seniors).tw. (467132)

4 (old$ adj3 (adult? or female? or male? or men or people or person or women)).tw. (223842)

5 ("65 year$" or "over 65" or "over 70" or "over 75" or "over 80" or "over 85" or "85 year$").tw. (87262)

6 (aged or aging or ageing or elder$ or geriatric$ or gerontolog$).jw,nw. (123914)

7 or/1‐6 (3058954)

8 ((goal? or intensive$ or strict$ or target$ or tight$) adj5 (antihypertensive? anti‐hypertensive? or bp or control or dbp or diastolic or pressure? or sbp or systolic or treat$)).tw. (113185)

9 exp antihypertensive agents/ (240187)

10 exp thiazides/ (14950)

11 exp sodium chloride symporter inhibitors/ (13762)

12 exp sodium potassium chloride symporter inhibitors/ (13118)

13 ((ceiling or loop) adj diuretic?).tw. (2368)

14 (amiloride or benzothiadiazine or bendroflumethiazide or bumetanide or chlorothiazide or cyclopenthiazide or furosemide or hydrochlorothiazide or hydroflumethiazide or methyclothiazide or metolazone or polythiazide or trichlormethiazide or veratide or thiazide?).tw. (31754)

15 (chlorthalidone or chlortalidone or phthalamudine or chlorphthalidolone or oxodoline or thalitone or hygroton or indapamide or metindamide).tw. (2185)

16 or/10‐15 [THZ] (46629)

17 exp angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/ (40812)

18 angiotensin converting enzyme inhibit$.tw. (17081)

19 (ace adj2 inhibit$).tw. (17161)

20 acei.tw. (2685)

21 (alacepril or altiopril or ancovenin or benazepril or captopril or ceranapril or ceronapril or cilazapril or deacetylalacepril or delapril or derapril or enalapril or epicaptopril or fasidotril or fosinopril or foroxymithine or gemopatrilat or idapril or imidapril or indolapril or libenzapril or lisinopril or moexipril or moveltipril or omapatrilat or pentopril$ or perindopril$ or pivopril or quinapril$ or ramipril$ or rentiapril or saralasin or s nitrosocaptopril or spirapril$ or temocapril$ or teprotide or trandolapril$ or utibapril$ or zabicipril$ or zofenopril$ or Aceon or Accupril or Altace or Capoten or Lotensin or Mavik or Monopril or Prinivil or Univas or Vasotec or Zestril).tw. (24880)

22 or/17‐21 [ACEI] (55316)

23 exp Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists/ (20230)

24 (angiotensin adj3 (receptor antagon$ or receptor block$)).tw. (11042)

25 arb?.tw. (4815)

26 (abitesartan or azilsartan or candesartan or elisartan or embusartan or eprosartan or forasartan or irbesartan or losartan or milfasartan or olmesartan or saprisartan or tasosartan or telmisartan or valsartan or zolasartan or Atacand or Avapro or Benicar or Cozaar or Diovan or Micardis or Teveten).tw. (14453)

27 or/23‐26 [ARB] (28524)

28 exp calcium channel blockers/ (77014)

29 (amlodipine or aranidipine or barnidipine or bencyclane or benidipine or bepridil or cilnidipine or cinnarizine or clentiazem or darodipine or diltiazem or efonidipine or elgodipine or etafenone or fantofarone or felodipine or fendiline or flunarizine or gallopamil or isradipine or lacidipine or lercanidipine or lidoflazine or lomerizine or manidipine or mibefradil or nicardipine or nifedipine or niguldipine or nilvadipine or nimodipine or nisoldipine or nitrendipine or perhexiline or prenylamine or semotiadil or terodiline or tiapamil or verapamil or Cardizem CD or Dilacor XR or Tiazac or Cardizem Calan or Isoptin or Calan SR or Isoptin SR Coer or Covera HS or Verelan PM).tw. (57697)

30 (calcium adj2 (antagonist? or block$ or inhibit$)).tw. (35853)

31 or/28‐30 [CCB] (102777)

32 (methyldopa or alphamethyldopa or amodopa or dopamet or dopegyt or dopegit or dopegite or emdopa or hyperpax or hyperpaxa or methylpropionic acid or dopergit or meldopa or methyldopate or medopa or medomet or sembrina or aldomet or aldometil or aldomin or hydopa or methyldihydroxyphenylalanine or methyl dopa or mulfasin or presinol or presolisin or sedometil or sembrina or taquinil or dihydroxyphenylalanine or methylphenylalanine or methylalanine or alpha methyl dopa).mp. (14955)

33 (reserpine or serpentina or rauwolfia or serpasil).mp. (19775)

34 (clonidine or adesipress or arkamin or caprysin or catapres$ or catasan or chlofazolin or chlophazolin or clinidine or clofelin$ or clofenil or clomidine or clondine or clonistada or clonnirit or clophelin$ or dichlorophenylaminoimidazoline or dixarit or duraclon or gemiton or haemiton or hemiton or imidazoline or isoglaucon or klofelin or klofenil or m‐5041t or normopresan or paracefan or st‐155 or st 155 or tesno timelets).mp. (18801)

35 exp hydralazine/ (4569)

36 (hydralazin$ or hydrallazin$ or hydralizine or hydrazinophtalazine or hydrazinophthalazine or hydrazinophtalizine or dralzine or hydralacin or hydrolazine or hypophthalin or hypoftalin or hydrazinophthalazine or idralazina or 1‐hydrazinophthalazine or apressin or nepresol or apressoline or apresoline or apresolin or alphapress or alazine or idralazina or lopress or plethorit or praeparat).tw. (4222)

37 or/32‐36 [CNS] (56145)

38 exp adrenergic beta‐antagonists/ (79891)

39 (acebutolol or adimolol or afurolol or alprenolol or amosulalol or arotinolol or atenolol or befunolol or betaxolol or bevantolol or bisoprolol or bopindolol or bornaprolol or brefonalol or bucindolol or bucumolol or bufetolol or bufuralol or bunitrolol or bunolol or bupranolol or butofilolol or butoxamine or carazolol or carteolol or carvedilol or celiprolol or cetamolol or chlortalidone cloranolol or cyanoiodopindolol or cyanopindolol or deacetylmetipranolol or diacetolol or dihydroalprenolol or dilevalol or epanolol or esmolol or exaprolol or falintolol or flestolol or flusoxolol or hydroxybenzylpinodolol or hydroxycarteolol or hydroxymetoprolol or indenolol or iodocyanopindolol or iodopindolol or iprocrolol or isoxaprolol or labetalol or landiolol or levobunolol or levomoprolol or medroxalol or mepindolol or methylthiopropranolol or metipranolol or metoprolol or moprolol or nadolol or oxprenolol or penbutolol or pindolol or nadolol or nebivolol or nifenalol or nipradilol or oxprenolol or pafenolol or pamatolol or penbutolol or pindolol or practolol or primidolol or prizidilol or procinolol or pronetalol or propranolol or proxodolol or ridazolol or salcardolol or soquinolol or sotalol or spirendolol or talinolol or tertatolol or tienoxolol or tilisolol or timolol or tolamolol or toliprolol or tribendilol or xibenolol).tw. (58765)

40 (beta adj2 (adrenergic? or antagonist? or block$ or receptor?)).tw. (91362)

41 or/38‐40 [BB] (146852)

42 exp adrenergic alpha antagonists/ (48281)

43 (alfuzosin or bunazosin or doxazosin or metazosin or neldazosin or prazosin or silodosin or tamsulosin or terazosin or tiodazosin or trimazosin).tw. (13197)

44 (adrenergic adj2 (alpha or antagonist?)).tw. (18811)

45 ((adrenergic or alpha or receptor?) adj2 block$).tw. (53474)

46 or/42‐45 [AB] (107263)

47 hypertension/ (214045)

48 hypertens$.tw. (338051)

49 ((high or elevat$ or rais$) adj2 blood pressure).tw. (23720)

50 or/47‐49 (398358)

51 randomized controlled trial.pt. (446305)

52 controlled clinical trial.pt. (91768)

53 randomized.ab. (339401)

54 placebo.ab. (167835)

55 clinical trials as topic/ (180932)

56 randomly.ab. (234159)

57 trial.ti. (151570)

58 or/51‐57 (1002859)

59 animals/ not (humans/ and animals/) (4278833)

60 Pregnancy/ or Hypertension, Pregnancy‐Induced/ or Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/ or exp Ocular Hypertension/ (844365)

61 (pregnancy‐induced or ocular hypertens$ or preeclampsia or pre‐eclampsia).ti. (13602)

62 58 not (59 or 60 or 61) (884239)

63 7 and 8 and (9 or 16 or 22 or 27 or 31 or 37 or 41 or 46) and 50 and 62 (1012)

64 remove duplicates from 63 (956)

***************************

Database: Embase <1974 to 2017 February 2>
Search Date: 3 February 2017
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
1 exp aged/ (2583775)

2 exp elderly care/ (71836)

3 home for the aged/ (11287)

4 exp long term care/ (1451228)

5 exp nursing care/ (37779)

6 nursing home/ (50235)

7 (advanced years or ageing or aging or elder? or elderly or frail or geriatric? or gerontolog$ or later life or nursing care or nursing home? or old age or oldest old or pensioner? or post‐menopausal or postmenopausal or senior or seniors).tw. (688198)

8 (old$ adj3 (adult? or female? or male? or men or people or person or women)).tw. (381010)

9 ("65 year$" or "over 65" or "over 70" or "over 75" or "over 80" or "over 85" or "85 year$").tw. (148322)

10 (aged or aging or ageing or elder$ or geriatric$ or gerontolog$).jw. (166512)

11 or/1‐10 (4311485)

12 ((goal? or intensive$ or strict$ or target$ or tight$) adj5 (antihypertensive? anti‐hypertensive? or bp or control or dbp or diastolic or pressure? or sbp or systolic or treat$)).tw. (192761)

13 exp antihypertensive agent/ (646863)

14 exp thiazide diuretic agent/ (51733)

15 exp loop diuretic agent/ (65914)

16 ((loop or ceiling) adj diuretic?).tw. (3860)

17 (amiloride or benzothiadiazine or bendroflumethiazide or bumetanide or chlorothiazide or cyclopenthiazide or furosemide or hydrochlorothiazide or hydroflumethiazide or methyclothiazide or metolazone or polythiazide or trichlormethiazide or veratide or thiazide?).tw. (41553)

18 (chlorthalidone or chlortalidone or phthalamudine or chlorphthalidolone or oxodoline or thalitone or hygroton or indapamide or metindamide).tw. (3689)

19 or/14‐18 [THZ] (119990)

20 exp dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor/ (157164)

21 angiotensin converting enzyme inhibit$.tw. (22649)

22 (ace adj2 inhibit$).tw. (26678)

23 acei.tw. (5866)

24 (alacepril or altiopril or ancovenin or benazepril or captopril or ceranapril or ceronapril or cilazapril or deacetylalacepril or delapril or derapril or enalapril or epicaptopril or fasidotril or fosinopril or foroxymithine or gemopatrilat or idapril or imidapril or indolapril or libenzapril or lisinopril or moexipril or moveltipril or omapatrilat or pentopril$ or perindopril$ or pivopril or quinapril$ or ramipril$ or rentiapril or saralasin or s nitrosocaptopril or spirapril$ or temocapril$ or teprotide or trandolapril$ or utibapril$ or zabicipril$ or zofenopril$ or Aceon or Accupril or Altace or Capoten or Lotensin or Mavik or Monopril or Prinivil or Univas or Vasotec or Zestril).tw. (35656)

25 or/20‐24 [ACEI] (164652)

26 exp angiotensin receptor antagonist/ (76543)

27 (angiotensin adj3 (receptor antagon$ or receptor block$)).tw. (17451)

28 arb?.tw. (10619)

29 (abitesartan or azilsartan or candesartan or elisartan or embusartan or eprosartan or forasartan or irbesartan or losartan or milfasartan or olmesartan or saprisartan or tasosartan or telmisartan or valsartan or zolasartan or Atacand or Avapro or Benicar or Cozaar or Diovan or Micardis or Teveten).tw. (24392)

30 or/26‐29 [ARB] (82203)

31 calcium channel blocking agent/ (56975)

32 (amlodipine or aranidipine or barnidipine or bencyclane or benidipine or bepridil or cilnidipine or cinnarizine or clentiazem or darodipine or diltiazem or efonidipine or elgodipine or etafenone or fantofarone or felodipine or fendiline or flunarizine or gallopamil or isradipine or lacidipine or lercanidipine or lidoflazine or lomerizine or manidipine or mibefradil or nicardipine or nifedipine or niguldipine or nilvadipine or nimodipine or nisoldipine or nitrendipine or perhexiline or prenylamine or semotiadil or terodiline or tiapamil or verapamil or Cardizem CD or Dilacor XR or Tiazac or Cardizem Calan or Isoptin or Calan SR or Isoptin SR Coer or Covera HS or Verelan PM).tw. (78076)

33 (calcium adj2 (antagonist? or block$ or inhibit$)).tw. (46937)

34 or/31‐33 [CCB] (139564)

35 (methyldopa or alphamethyldopa or amodopa or dopamet or dopegyt or dopegit or dopegite or emdopa or hyperpax or hyperpaxa or methylpropionic acid or dopergit or meldopa or methyldopate or medopa or medomet or sembrina or aldomet or aldometil or aldomin or hydopa or methyldihydroxyphenylalanine or methyl dopa or mulfasin or presinol or presolisin or sedometil or sembrina or taquinil or dihydroxyphenylalanine or methylphenylalanine or methylalanine or alpha methyl dopa).mp. (28824)

36 (reserpine or serpentina or rauwolfia or serpasil).mp. (29009)

37 (clonidine or adesipress or arkamin or caprysin or catapres$ or catasan or chlofazolin or chlophazolin or clinidine or clofelin$ or clofenil or clomidine or clondine or clonistada or clonnirit or clophelin$ or dichlorophenylaminoimidazoline or dixarit or duraclon or gemiton or haemiton or hemiton or imidazoline or isoglaucon or klofelin or klofenil or m‐5041t or normopresan or paracefan or st‐155 or st 155 or tesno timelets).mp. (45476)

38 hydralazine/ (18128)

39 (hydralazin$ or hydrallazin$ or hydralizine or hydrazinophtalazine or hydrazinophthalazine or hydrazinophtalizine or dralzine or hydralacin or hydrolazine or hypophthalin or hypoftalin or hydrazinophthalazine or idralazina or 1‐hydrazinophthalazine or apressin or nepresol or apressoline or apresoline or apresolin or alphapress or alazine or idralazina or lopress or plethorit or praeparat).tw. (6289)

40 or/35‐39 [CNS] (106640)

41 exp beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent/ (269491)

42 (acebutolol or adimolol or afurolol or alprenolol or amosulalol or arotinolol or atenolol or befunolol or betaxolol or bevantolol or bisoprolol or bopindolol or bornaprolol or brefonalol or bucindolol or bucumolol or bufetolol or bufuralol or bunitrolol or bunolol or bupranolol or butofilolol or butoxamine or carazolol or carteolol or carvedilol or celiprolol or cetamolol or chlortalidone cloranolol or cyanoiodopindolol or cyanopindolol or deacetylmetipranolol or diacetolol or dihydroalprenolol or dilevalol or epanolol or esmolol or exaprolol or falintolol or flestolol or flusoxolol or hydroxybenzylpinodolol or hydroxycarteolol or hydroxymetoprolol or indenolol or iodocyanopindolol or iodopindolol or iprocrolol or isoxaprolol or labetalol or landiolol or levobunolol or levomoprolol or medroxalol or mepindolol or methylthiopropranolol or metipranolol or metoprolol or moprolol or nadolol or oxprenolol or penbutolol or pindolol or nadolol or nebivolol or nifenalol or nipradilol or oxprenolol or pafenolol or pamatolol or penbutolol or pindolol or practolol or primidolol or prizidilol or procinolol or pronetalol or propranolol or proxodolol or ridazolol or salcardolol or soquinolol or sotalol or spirendolol or talinolol or tertatolol or tienoxolol or tilisolol or timolol or tolamolol or toliprolol or tribendilol or xibenolol).tw. (79478)

43 (beta adj2 (adrenergic? or antagonist? or block$ or receptor?)).tw. (116165)

44 or/41‐43 [BB] (323332)

45 exp alpha adrenergic receptor blocking agent/ (130812)

46 (alfuzosin or bunazosin or doxazosin or metazosin or neldazosin or prazosin or silodosin or tamsulosin or terazosin or tiodazosin or trimazosin).tw. (16623)

47 (adrenergic adj2 (alpha or antagonist?)).tw. (18188)

48 ((adrenergic or alpha or receptor?) adj2 block$).tw. (71187)

49 or/45‐48 [AB] (197816)

50 exp hypertension/ (631543)

51 (hypertens$ or antihypertens$).tw. (546297)

52 ((high or elevat$ or rais$) adj2 blood pressure).tw. (35424)

53 or/50‐52 (799059)

54 double blind$.mp. (218883)

55 placebo$.tw. (253070)

56 blind$.tw. (340091)

57 or/54‐56 (492194)

58 (exp animal/ or animal.hw. or nonhuman/) not (exp human/ or human cell/ or (human or humans).ti.) (5883553)

59 Pregnancy/ or Hypertension, Pregnancy‐Induced/ or Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/ or exp Ocular Hypertension/ (700427)

60 (pregnancy‐induced or ocular hypertens$ or preeclampsia or pre‐eclampsia).ti. (19965)

61 57 not (58 or 59 or 60) (457458)

62 11 and 12 and (13 or 19 or 25 or 30 or 34 or 40 or 44 or 49) and 53 and 61 (617)

63 remove duplicates from 62 (601)

***************************

Database: ClinicalTrials.gov
Search Date: 3 February 2017
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐

Search terms: (intensive OR strict OR target OR tight) AND (randomized) AND (aged OR elderly OR geriatric OR older)
Study type: Interventional Studies
Conditions: hypertension
Outcome measure: blood pressure (34)

***************************

Database: WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP)
Search Date: 3 February 2017
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
hypertens* AND aged AND intensive
hypertens* AND aged AND strict
hypertens* AND aged AND target*
hypertens* AND aged AND tight

hypertens* AND elderly AND intensive
hypertens* AND elderly AND strict
hypertens* AND elderly AND target*
hypertens* AND elderly AND tight

hypertens* AND older AND intensive
hypertens* AND older AND strict
hypertens* AND older AND target*
hypertens* AND older AND tight

hypertens* AND geriatric AND intensive
hypertens* AND geriatric AND strict
hypertens* AND geriatric AND target*
hypertens* AND geriatric AND tight

Study flow diagram
Figures and Tables -
Figure 1

Study flow diagram

Risk of bias summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study
Figures and Tables -
Figure 2

Risk of bias summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study

Forest plot of comparison higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, outcome 1. All‐cause mortality.
Figures and Tables -
Figure 3

Forest plot of comparison higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, outcome 1. All‐cause mortality.

Forest plot of comparison higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, outcome 2. Stroke
Figures and Tables -
Figure 4

Forest plot of comparison higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, outcome 2. Stroke

Forest plot of comparison higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, outcome 4. Cardiovascular serious adverse events
Figures and Tables -
Figure 5

Forest plot of comparison higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, outcome 4. Cardiovascular serious adverse events

Forest plot of comparison higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, outcome7. Withdrawals due to adverse effects
Figures and Tables -
Figure 6

Forest plot of comparison higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, outcome7. Withdrawals due to adverse effects

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 1 All‐cause mortality.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 1 All‐cause mortality.

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 2 Stroke.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 2 Stroke.

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 3 Cardiovascular serious adverse events.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.3

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 3 Cardiovascular serious adverse events.

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 4 Cardiovascular mortality.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.4

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 4 Cardiovascular mortality.

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 5 Non‐cardiovascular mortality.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.5

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 5 Non‐cardiovascular mortality.

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 6 Unplanned hospitalisation.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.6

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 6 Unplanned hospitalisation.

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 7 Cardiovascular serious adverse events (by component).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.7

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 7 Cardiovascular serious adverse events (by component).

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 8 Total serious adverse events.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.8

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 8 Total serious adverse events.

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 9 Total minor adverse events.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.9

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 9 Total minor adverse events.

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 10 Withdrawals due to adverse effects.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.10

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 10 Withdrawals due to adverse effects.

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 11 Mean systolic BP achieved.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.11

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 11 Mean systolic BP achieved.

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 12 Mean diastolic BP achieved.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.12

Comparison 1 Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target, Outcome 12 Mean diastolic BP achieved.

Summary of findings for the main comparison. Higher BP target (< 150‐160/95‐105 mmHg) compared with lower BP target (< 140/90 mmHg) for cardiovascular risk reduction

Higher BP target (< 150‐160/95‐105 mmHg) compared with lower BP target (< 140/90 mmHg) for cardiovascular risk reduction

Patient or population: older adults with primary hypertension

Settings: outpatient

Intervention: higher BP target < 150‐160)/95‐105 mmHg

Comparison: lower BP target < 140/90 mmHg

Outcomes

Illustrative comparative risks1
(95% CI)

Relative effect
(95% CI)

No of participants
(studies)

Quality of the evidence
(GRADE)

Comments

Assumed
risk

Corresponding
risk

Lower
BP target

Higher
BP target

All‐cause mortality

Mean follow‐up: 2.6 years

31 per 1000

39 per 1000
(31 to 48)

RR 1.24

(0.99 to 1.54)

8221
(3)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
Low2,3

Stroke

Mean follow‐up: 2.6 years

20 per 1000

25 per 1000
(19 to 33)

RR 1.25

(0.94 to 1.67)

8221
(3)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
Low2,3

Cardiovascular serious adverse events

Mean follow‐up: 2.6 years

42 per 1000

50 per 1000
(41 to 61)

RR 1.19

(0.98 to 1.45)

8221
(3)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
Low2,3

Withdrawals due to adverse effects

Mean follow‐up: 2.4 years

17 per 1000

14 per 1000
(10 to 20)

RR 0.83

(0.58 to 1.19)

7497
(2)

⊕⊕⊝⊝
Low2,3

The basis for the assumed risk is provided in footnote below. The corresponding risk (and its 95% CI) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI).
BP: blood pressure; CI: confidence interval; RR: risk ratio

GRADE Working Group grades of evidence
High quality: we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect
Moderate quality: we are moderately confident in the effect estimate; the true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different
Low quality: our confidence in the effect estimate is limited; the true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect
Very low quality: we have very little confidence in the effect estimate; the true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect

1Rationale for our choice of assumed risk: the risk of cardiovascular events in a hypertensive general population varies considerably across countries (Finegold 2013). With no reason to favour one country over another we have opted to use (now and for future updates) an assumed risk, which is the average across studies included in this review.
2Downgraded due to high risk of bias.
3Downgraded due to heterogeneity and imprecision.

Figures and Tables -
Summary of findings for the main comparison. Higher BP target (< 150‐160/95‐105 mmHg) compared with lower BP target (< 140/90 mmHg) for cardiovascular risk reduction
Comparison 1. Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 All‐cause mortality Show forest plot

3

8221

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.24 [0.99, 1.54]

2 Stroke Show forest plot

3

8221

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.25 [0.94, 1.67]

3 Cardiovascular serious adverse events Show forest plot

3

8221

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.19 [0.98, 1.45]

4 Cardiovascular mortality Show forest plot

3

8221

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.52 [1.06, 2.19]

5 Non‐cardiovascular mortality Show forest plot

3

8221

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.09 [0.81, 1.46]

6 Unplanned hospitalisation Show forest plot

1

3079

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.18 [0.55, 2.53]

7 Cardiovascular serious adverse events (by component) Show forest plot

3

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

7.1 Cerebrovascular disease

3

8221

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.22 [0.93, 1.61]

7.2 Cardiac disease

3

8221

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.21 [0.82, 1.79]

7.3 Vascular disease

1

4418

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

2.01 [0.37, 10.94]

7.4 Renal failure

2

7497

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.85 [0.38, 1.89]

8 Total serious adverse events Show forest plot

1

3079

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.93 [0.69, 1.24]

9 Total minor adverse events Show forest plot

2

7497

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.99 [0.91, 1.08]

10 Withdrawals due to adverse effects Show forest plot

2

7497

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.83 [0.58, 1.19]

11 Mean systolic BP achieved Show forest plot

3

8221

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

8.88 [8.38, 9.39]

12 Mean diastolic BP achieved Show forest plot

3

8221

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

3.09 [2.72, 3.47]

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 1. Higher (< 150‐160/95‐100 mmHg) versus lower (< 140/90 mmHg) BP target