Scolaris Content Display Scolaris Content Display

Review flow diagram.
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Figure 1

Review flow diagram.

'Risk of bias' graph: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies.
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Figure 2

'Risk of bias' graph: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies.

'Risk of bias' summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study.
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Figure 3

'Risk of bias' summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study.

Forest plot of quadriceps muscle strength for NMES versus control.
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Figure 4

Forest plot of quadriceps muscle strength for NMES versus control.

Forest plot of exercise performance for NMES versus control.
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Figure 5

Forest plot of exercise performance for NMES versus control.

Comparison 1 NMES versus control, Outcome 1 Quadriceps muscle strength.
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Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 NMES versus control, Outcome 1 Quadriceps muscle strength.

Comparison 1 NMES versus control, Outcome 2 Exercise performance.
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Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 NMES versus control, Outcome 2 Exercise performance.

Comparison 1. NMES versus control

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Quadriceps muscle strength Show forest plot

8

195

Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

0.90 [0.33, 1.46]

2 Exercise performance Show forest plot

7

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

Subtotals only

2.1 6MWT

4

125

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

40.05 [‐4.14, 84.24]

2.2 ISWT

1

18

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

68.8 [18.54, 119.06]

2.3 ESWT

2

36

Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)

160.22 [33.73, 286.70]

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 1. NMES versus control