| 1 Perinatal death Show forest plot | 1 | 302 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.25 [0.43, 3.62] |
|
| 2 Extremely preterm birth (< 28 weeks' gestation) Show forest plot | 1 | 376 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.77 [0.26, 2.25] |
|
| 3 Development of antenatal complications ‐ preterm labour Show forest plot | 1 | 370 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.29 [0.90, 1.86] |
|
| 4 Preterm birth ‐ adjusted for cluster design effect (ICC 0.002) Show forest plot | 3 | | Risk Ratio (Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.87 [0.69, 1.08] |
|
| 4.1 Individually randomised trials | 2 | | Risk Ratio (Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.91 [0.68, 1.22] |
| 4.2 Cluster randomisation | 1 | | Risk Ratio (Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.81 [0.58, 1.14] |
| 5 Sensitivity analysis. Preterm birth (adjusted for cluster design effect using upper CI, ICC 0.0041) Show forest plot | 3 | | Risk Ratio (Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.87 [0.69, 1.11] |
|
| 5.1 Individually randomised trials | 2 | | Risk Ratio (Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.91 [0.68, 1.22] |
| 5.2 Cluster randomisation | 1 | | Risk Ratio (Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.81 [0.54, 1.22] |
| 6 Very preterm birth (birth before 34 weeks' gestation) Show forest plot | 1 | 376 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.05 [0.50, 2.21] |
|
| 7 Gestation at birth Show forest plot | 1 | 2654 | Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.10 [‐0.30, 0.10] |
|
| 8 Infection requiring intravenous antibiotics | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 9 Caesarean section Show forest plot | 1 | 376 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.11 [0.76, 1.62] |
|
| 10 Postnatal depression | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 11 Breastfeeding | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 12 Instrumental vaginal birth | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 13 Neonatal intensive care unit admission Show forest plot | 1 | 302 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.62 [0.34, 1.12] |
|
| 14 Respiratory distress syndrome | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 15 Parameters of birth asphyxia | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 16 Complications of prematurity | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 17 Disability at childhood follow‐up | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 18 Women's satisfaction | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 19 Costs associated with care Show forest plot | 2 | 604 | Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐16.67 [‐367.00, 335.67] |
|
| 20 Costs associated with newborn inpatient care (US $) Show forest plot | 1 | 290 | Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐2196.0 [‐4322.06, ‐69.94] |
|
| 21 Number of antenatal visits Show forest plot | 1 | 290 | Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.70 [0.72, 2.68] |
|
| 22 Number of antenatal admissions | 0 | 0 | Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 23 Length of antenatal admissions | 0 | 0 | Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 24 Length of maternal postnatal stay | 0 | 0 | Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 25 Length of stay in neonatal intensive care unit | 0 | 0 | Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 26 Infant length of stay in hospital | 0 | 0 | Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 27 Preterm birth ‐ all studies, unadjusted data Show forest plot | 3 | 3400 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.85 [0.70, 1.03] |
|
| 27.1 Individual randomisation | 2 | 746 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.90 [0.67, 1.21] |
| 27.2 Cluster randomisation | 1 | 2654 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.81 [0.62, 1.06] |
