Low level laser therapy for treating tuberculosis
Abstract
Background
The main treatment for tuberculosis is antituberculous drugs. Low level laser therapy is used as an adjunct to antituberculous drugs, predominantly in the former Soviet Union and India.
Objectives
To compare low level laser therapy plus antituberculous drugs with antituberculous drugs alone for treating tuberculosis.
Search methods
We searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group Specialized Register (October 2009), CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library 2009, Issue 4), MEDLINE (1966 to October 2009), EMBASE (1974 to October 2009), CINAHL (1982 to October 2009), Science Citation Index (1945 to October 2009), PEDro (1929 to October 2009 ), the Central Medical Library of Moscow catalogue (1988 to April 2009), the Internet, hand search of the journal Probl. Tuberk. Bolezn. Legk. (1980 to April 2009), where most relevant articles were published in previous years, and searched reference lists of articles. We contacted relevant organizations and researchers for the original version.
Selection criteria
Randomized trials comparing low level laser therapy plus antituberculous drugs with antituberculous drugs alone in people with tuberculosis.
Data collection and analysis
Two authors independently assessed trial quality and extracted data, including adverse events.
Main results
One randomized controlled trial (130 participants) conducted in India met the inclusion criteria. This trial was poorly reported, with no information on the generation of allocation sequence or allocation concealment. The trial report did not provide details on the group that each of the participants were randomized into or which group those participants that left the trial were from. This precluded the use of its data on time to sputum conversion and other outcome measures for analysis.
Authors' conclusions
The use of low level laser therapy for treating tuberculosis is still not supported by reliable evidence. Researchers need to focus on conducting well‐designed randomized controlled trials to justify the continued participation of volunteers for studies of this experimental intervention.
PICOs
Plain language summary
Not enough evidence to support using low level laser therapy alongside drug treatments for tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious bacterial infection that can affect different parts of the body; most frequently it affects the lungs (pulmonary TB). Some bacteria can be drug resistant, and some people may have the infection alongside another medical condition. People suffer from severe cough, weakness and sweats, and some people still die from TB even though effective drug treatment has been around for many years. It is has been proposed that low level laser therapy may help the drugs to be more effective. There are a number of different devices for giving the laser treatment, some giving the treatment externally (to the body or acupuncture sites), some using for internal treatment (for blood or lungs) at varying doses. The review of trials found only one randomized trial where the data were poorly reported, and it did not clarify the potential benefits and harms. Low level laser therapy should only be used in randomized controlled trials until its value is evaluated.
