Scolaris Content Display Scolaris Content Display

Study flow diagram.
Figures and Tables -
Figure 1

Study flow diagram.

'Risk of bias' summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study.
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Figure 2

'Risk of bias' summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study.

Comparison 1 Pregnant women who received incentives versus those who did not receive incentives, Outcome 1 Adequacy of prenatal care.
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Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 Pregnant women who received incentives versus those who did not receive incentives, Outcome 1 Adequacy of prenatal care.

Comparison 1 Pregnant women who received incentives versus those who did not receive incentives, Outcome 2 Frequency of prenatal care.
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Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 Pregnant women who received incentives versus those who did not receive incentives, Outcome 2 Frequency of prenatal care.

Comparison 1 Pregnant women who received incentives versus those who did not receive incentives, Outcome 3 Initiation of prenatal care.
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Analysis 1.3

Comparison 1 Pregnant women who received incentives versus those who did not receive incentives, Outcome 3 Initiation of prenatal care.

Comparison 1 Pregnant women who received incentives versus those who did not receive incentives, Outcome 4 Return for postpartum care.
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Analysis 1.4

Comparison 1 Pregnant women who received incentives versus those who did not receive incentives, Outcome 4 Return for postpartum care.

Comparison 1 Pregnant women who received incentives versus those who did not receive incentives, Outcome 5 Cesarean delivery rate.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.5

Comparison 1 Pregnant women who received incentives versus those who did not receive incentives, Outcome 5 Cesarean delivery rate.

Comparison 1. Pregnant women who received incentives versus those who did not receive incentives

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Adequacy of prenatal care Show forest plot

1

892

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

5.84 [1.88, 9.80]

2 Frequency of prenatal care Show forest plot

1

606

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.18 [1.01, 1.38]

3 Initiation of prenatal care Show forest plot

1

104

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.04 [0.78, 1.38]

4 Return for postpartum care Show forest plot

2

833

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.75 [0.21, 2.64]

4.1 Cash incentives

1

593

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

0.43 [0.30, 0.62]

4.2 Non‐cash incentives

1

240

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)

1.26 [1.09, 1.47]

5 Cesarean delivery rate Show forest plot

1

979

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

1.97 [1.18, 3.30]

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 1. Pregnant women who received incentives versus those who did not receive incentives