Drenaje abdominal sistemático para la resección hepática no complicada
Information
- DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006232.pub2Copy DOI
- Database:
-
- Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
- Version published:
-
- 18 July 2007see what's new
- Type:
-
- Intervention
- Stage:
-
- Review
- Cochrane Editorial Group:
-
Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group
- Copyright:
-
- Copyright © 2010 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Article metrics
Altmetric:
Cited by:
Authors
Contributions of authors
KS Gurusamy is the lead author and identified trials for inclusion and extracted data. He also performed the analysis and wrote the discussion. K Samraj independently identified trials and extracted the data. BR Davidson critically appraised the review and suggested comments to improve the review.
Sources of support
Internal sources
-
None, Not specified.
External sources
-
None, Not specified.
Declarations of interest
None known.
Acknowledgements
To Martyn Parker, author of more than 15 Cochrane reviews, who inspired me to write Cochrane reviews.
To The Cochrane Hepato‐Biliary Group for the support that they have provided.
Version history
| Published | Title | Stage | Authors | Version |
| 2007 Jul 18 | Routine abdominal drainage for uncomplicated liver resection | Review | Kurinchi Selvan Gurusamy, Kumarakrishnan Samraj, Brian R Davidson | |
| 2006 Oct 18 | Routine abdominal drainage for uncomplicated liver resection | Protocol | Kurinchi S Gurusamy, Kumarakrishnan Samraj | |
Keywords
MeSH
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Keywords
Medical Subject Headings Check Words
Humans;
Comparison 1 Drain versus no drain, Outcome 1 Mortality at maximal follow‐up.
Comparison 1 Drain versus no drain, Outcome 2 Re‐operation for any reason.
Comparison 1 Drain versus no drain, Outcome 3 Re‐operation for intra‐abdominal collection.
Comparison 1 Drain versus no drain, Outcome 4 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring drain insertion.
Comparison 1 Drain versus no drain, Outcome 5 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring aspiration.
Comparison 1 Drain versus no drain, Outcome 6 Infected intra‐abdominal collections.
Comparison 1 Drain versus no drain, Outcome 7 Abdominal collections diagnosed by routine ultrasound.
Comparison 1 Drain versus no drain, Outcome 8 Wound dehiscence.
Comparison 1 Drain versus no drain, Outcome 9 Wound infection.
Comparison 1 Drain versus no drain, Outcome 10 Biliary fistula.
Comparison 1 Drain versus no drain, Outcome 11 Ascitic leak.
Comparison 1 Drain versus no drain, Outcome 12 Chest infections.
Comparison 1 Drain versus no drain, Outcome 13 Other respiratory complications.
Comparison 1 Drain versus no drain, Outcome 14 Tumour recurrence at drain site.
Comparison 1 Drain versus no drain, Outcome 15 Hospital stay.
Comparison 2 Drain versus no drain (major and minor resections), Outcome 1 Mortality at maximal follow‐up.
Comparison 2 Drain versus no drain (major and minor resections), Outcome 2 Re‐operation for any reason.
Comparison 2 Drain versus no drain (major and minor resections), Outcome 3 Re‐operation for intra‐abdominal collection.
Comparison 2 Drain versus no drain (major and minor resections), Outcome 4 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring drain insertion.
Comparison 2 Drain versus no drain (major and minor resections), Outcome 5 Infected intra‐abdominal collections.
Comparison 2 Drain versus no drain (major and minor resections), Outcome 6 Wound dehiscence.
Comparison 2 Drain versus no drain (major and minor resections), Outcome 7 Wound infection.
Comparison 2 Drain versus no drain (major and minor resections), Outcome 8 Biliary fistula.
Comparison 2 Drain versus no drain (major and minor resections), Outcome 9 Ascitic leak.
Comparison 2 Drain versus no drain (major and minor resections), Outcome 10 Chest infections.
Comparison 2 Drain versus no drain (major and minor resections), Outcome 11 Other respiratory complications.
Comparison 2 Drain versus no drain (major and minor resections), Outcome 12 Tumour recurrence at drain site.
Comparison 2 Drain versus no drain (major and minor resections), Outcome 13 Hospital stay.
Comparison 3 Drain versus no drain (chronic liver disease or cirrhosis), Outcome 1 Mortality at maximal follow‐up.
Comparison 3 Drain versus no drain (chronic liver disease or cirrhosis), Outcome 2 Re‐operation for any reason.
Comparison 3 Drain versus no drain (chronic liver disease or cirrhosis), Outcome 3 Re‐operation for intra‐abdominal collection.
Comparison 3 Drain versus no drain (chronic liver disease or cirrhosis), Outcome 4 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring drain insertion.
Comparison 3 Drain versus no drain (chronic liver disease or cirrhosis), Outcome 5 Infected intra‐abdominal collections.
Comparison 3 Drain versus no drain (chronic liver disease or cirrhosis), Outcome 6 Abdominal collections diagnosed by routine ultrasound.
Comparison 3 Drain versus no drain (chronic liver disease or cirrhosis), Outcome 7 Wound dehiscence.
Comparison 3 Drain versus no drain (chronic liver disease or cirrhosis), Outcome 8 Wound infection.
Comparison 3 Drain versus no drain (chronic liver disease or cirrhosis), Outcome 9 Biliary fistula.
Comparison 3 Drain versus no drain (chronic liver disease or cirrhosis), Outcome 10 Ascitic leak.
Comparison 3 Drain versus no drain (chronic liver disease or cirrhosis), Outcome 11 Chest infections.
Comparison 3 Drain versus no drain (chronic liver disease or cirrhosis), Outcome 12 Other respiratory complications.
Comparison 3 Drain versus no drain (chronic liver disease or cirrhosis), Outcome 13 Tumour recurrence at drain site.
Comparison 3 Drain versus no drain (chronic liver disease or cirrhosis), Outcome 14 Hospital stay.
Comparison 4 Drain versus no drain (cirrhosis), Outcome 1 Mortality at maximal follow‐up.
Comparison 4 Drain versus no drain (cirrhosis), Outcome 2 Re‐operation for any reason.
Comparison 4 Drain versus no drain (cirrhosis), Outcome 3 Re‐operation for intra‐abdominal collection.
Comparison 4 Drain versus no drain (cirrhosis), Outcome 4 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring drain insertion.
Comparison 4 Drain versus no drain (cirrhosis), Outcome 5 Infected intra‐abdominal collections.
Comparison 4 Drain versus no drain (cirrhosis), Outcome 6 Wound dehiscence.
Comparison 4 Drain versus no drain (cirrhosis), Outcome 7 Wound infection.
Comparison 4 Drain versus no drain (cirrhosis), Outcome 8 Biliary fistula.
Comparison 4 Drain versus no drain (cirrhosis), Outcome 9 Ascitic leak.
Comparison 4 Drain versus no drain (cirrhosis), Outcome 10 Chest infections.
Comparison 4 Drain versus no drain (cirrhosis), Outcome 11 Other respiratory complications.
Comparison 4 Drain versus no drain (cirrhosis), Outcome 12 Tumour recurrence at drain site.
Comparison 4 Drain versus no drain (cirrhosis), Outcome 13 Hospital stay.
Comparison 5 Drain versus no drain (antibiotic prophylaxis), Outcome 1 Mortality at maximal follow‐up.
Comparison 5 Drain versus no drain (antibiotic prophylaxis), Outcome 2 Re‐operation for any reason.
Comparison 5 Drain versus no drain (antibiotic prophylaxis), Outcome 3 Re‐operation for intra‐abdominal collection.
Comparison 5 Drain versus no drain (antibiotic prophylaxis), Outcome 4 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring drain insertion.
Comparison 5 Drain versus no drain (antibiotic prophylaxis), Outcome 5 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring aspiration.
Comparison 5 Drain versus no drain (antibiotic prophylaxis), Outcome 6 Infected intra‐abdominal collections.
Comparison 5 Drain versus no drain (antibiotic prophylaxis), Outcome 7 Abdominal collections diagnosed by routine ultrasound.
Comparison 5 Drain versus no drain (antibiotic prophylaxis), Outcome 8 Wound dehiscence.
Comparison 5 Drain versus no drain (antibiotic prophylaxis), Outcome 9 Wound infection.
Comparison 5 Drain versus no drain (antibiotic prophylaxis), Outcome 10 Biliary fistula.
Comparison 5 Drain versus no drain (antibiotic prophylaxis), Outcome 11 Ascitic leak.
Comparison 5 Drain versus no drain (antibiotic prophylaxis), Outcome 12 Chest infections.
Comparison 5 Drain versus no drain (antibiotic prophylaxis), Outcome 13 Other respiratory complications.
Comparison 5 Drain versus no drain (antibiotic prophylaxis), Outcome 14 Tumour recurrence at drain site.
Comparison 5 Drain versus no drain (antibiotic prophylaxis), Outcome 15 Hospital stay.
Comparison 6 Suction drain versus no drain, Outcome 1 Mortality at maximal follow‐up.
Comparison 6 Suction drain versus no drain, Outcome 2 Re‐operation for any reason.
Comparison 6 Suction drain versus no drain, Outcome 3 Re‐operation for intra‐abdominal collection.
Comparison 6 Suction drain versus no drain, Outcome 4 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring drain insertion.
Comparison 6 Suction drain versus no drain, Outcome 5 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring aspiration.
Comparison 6 Suction drain versus no drain, Outcome 6 Infected intra‐abdominal collections.
Comparison 6 Suction drain versus no drain, Outcome 7 Abdominal collections diagnosed by routine ultrasound.
Comparison 6 Suction drain versus no drain, Outcome 8 Wound dehiscence.
Comparison 6 Suction drain versus no drain, Outcome 9 Wound infection.
Comparison 6 Suction drain versus no drain, Outcome 10 Biliary fistula.
Comparison 6 Suction drain versus no drain, Outcome 11 Ascitic leak.
Comparison 6 Suction drain versus no drain, Outcome 12 Chest infections.
Comparison 6 Suction drain versus no drain, Outcome 13 Other respiratory complications.
Comparison 6 Suction drain versus no drain, Outcome 14 Tumour recurrence at drain site.
Comparison 6 Suction drain versus no drain, Outcome 15 Hospital stay.
Comparison 7 Closed passive drain versus no drain, Outcome 1 Mortality at maximal follow‐up.
Comparison 7 Closed passive drain versus no drain, Outcome 2 Re‐operation for any reason.
Comparison 7 Closed passive drain versus no drain, Outcome 3 Re‐operation for intra‐abdominal collection.
Comparison 7 Closed passive drain versus no drain, Outcome 4 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring drain insertion.
Comparison 7 Closed passive drain versus no drain, Outcome 5 Infected intra‐abdominal collections.
Comparison 7 Closed passive drain versus no drain, Outcome 6 Wound dehiscence.
Comparison 7 Closed passive drain versus no drain, Outcome 7 Wound infection.
Comparison 7 Closed passive drain versus no drain, Outcome 8 Biliary fistula.
Comparison 7 Closed passive drain versus no drain, Outcome 9 Ascitic leak.
Comparison 7 Closed passive drain versus no drain, Outcome 10 Chest infections.
Comparison 7 Closed passive drain versus no drain, Outcome 11 Other respiratory complications.
Comparison 7 Closed passive drain versus no drain, Outcome 12 Tumour recurrence at drain site.
Comparison 7 Closed passive drain versus no drain, Outcome 13 Hospital stay.
Comparison 8 Open passive drain versus suction drain, Outcome 1 Mortality.
Comparison 8 Open passive drain versus suction drain, Outcome 2 Infected abdominal collection.
Comparison 8 Open passive drain versus suction drain, Outcome 3 Chest infection.
Comparison 8 Open passive drain versus suction drain, Outcome 4 Other chest complications.
Comparison 8 Open passive drain versus suction drain, Outcome 5 Hospital stay.
| Outcome | Fixed Effects | Random Effects | High method quality | Major resections | Minor resections | Cirrhosis | Suction drain | Passive drain | Risk Difference |
| Mortality | 1.17 [0.37, 3.70] | 1.16 [0.34, 3.96] | 1.41 [0.27, 7.28] | 0.77 [0.04, 13.87] | Not estimable | 4.60 [0.16, 128.54] | 1.17 [0.37, 3.70] | Not estimable | 0.00 [‐0.03, 0.03] |
| Re‐operation due to any cause | 1.35 [0.44, 4.11] | 1.68 [0.46, 6.09] | 1.69 [0.40, 7.22] | 0.85 [0.14, 5.13] | 0.32 [0.01, 8.26] | 0.36 [0.04, 3.69] | 1.73 [0.50, 5.99] | 0.32 [0.01, 8.26] | 0.01 [‐0.02, 0.04] |
| Re‐operation due to abdominal collection | 1.86 [0.50, 6.96] | 3.04 [0.60, 15.31] | 1.69 [0.40, 7.22] | 2.56 [0.09, 69.00] | Not estimable | 4.60 [0.16, 128.54] | 3.04 [0.60, 15.31] | 0.32 [0.01, 8.26] | 0.02 [‐0.01, 0.04] |
| Abdominal collection requiring drain insertion | 0.63 [0.27, 1.48] | 0.71 [0.19, 2.67] | 1.29 [0.31, 5.33] | 0.42 [0.13, 1.36] | 0.24 [0.03, 2.21] | 0.18 [0.01, 4.01] | 0.73 [0.30, 1.80] | 0.18 [0.01, 4.01] | ‐0.02 [‐0.06, 0.02] |
| Abdominal collection requiring aspiration | 2.03 [0.18, 23.06] | 2.03 [0.18, 23.06] | 2.03 [0.18, 23.06] | Not estimable | Not estimable | Not estimable | 2.03 [0.18, 23.06] | Not estimable | 0.02 [‐0.04, 0.07] |
| Infected abdominal collection | 2.01 [0.73, 5.50] | 2.10 [0.61, 7.25] | 0.71 [0.14, 3.67] | Not estimable | 0.18 [0.01, 4.01] | 0.18 [0.01, 4.01] | 3.40 [1.00, 11.60] | 0.18 [0.01, 4.01] | 0.02 [‐0.01, 0.06] |
| Abdominal collections identified by routine ultrasound | 0.98 [0.61, 1.56] | 1.06 [0.46, 2.49] | 0.72 [0.42, 1.22] | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 0.98 [0.61, 1.56] | ‐ | ‐0.01 [‐0.11, 0.10] |
| Wound dehiscence | 0.57 [0.07, 4.41] | 0.60 [0.07, 4.96] | 1.00 [0.06, 16.43] | 0.24 [0.01, 6.53] | Not estimable | 0.41 [0.01, 11.46] | 0.57 [0.07, 4.41] | Not estimable | 0.00 [‐0.03, 0.02] |
| Wound infection | 1.78 [0.87, 3.64] | 1.83 [0.70, 4.77] | 1.62 [0.73, 3.58] | 2.05 [0.36, 11.83] | 0.50 [0.09, 2.77] | 0.12 [0.01, 2.53] | 2.48 [1.12, 5.50]* | 0.12 [0.01, 2.53] | 0.05 [‐0.01, 0.10] |
| Biliary fistula | 1.60 [0.41, 6.29] | 1.45 [0.34, 6.14] | 5.20 [0.24, 110.95] | 0.24 [0.01, 6.53] | 0.24 [0.01, 6.53] | Not estimable | 1.60 [0.41, 6.29] | Not estimable | 0.01 [‐0.02, 0.04] |
| Ascitic leak | 2.96 [1.66, 5.28]* | 1.39 [0.17, 11.46] | 3.41 [0.22, 52.13] | 0.32 [0.01, 8.03] | 0.23 [0.05, 1.06] | 0.36 [0.10, 1.22] | 2.55 [0.30, 21.95] | 0.21 [0.04, 1.16] | 0.12 [0.07, 0.18] |
| Chest infection | 1.33 [0.55, 3.22] | 1.20 [0.36, 3.96] | 1.64 [0.52, 5.14] | 0.48 [0.04, 5.46] | 0.33 [0.03, 3.27] | 0.32 [0.01, 8.26] | 1.54 [0.60, 3.94] | 0.32 [0.01, 8.26] | 0.01 [‐0.02, 0.05] |
| Other respiratory complications | 1.09 [0.57, 2.10] | 1.09 [0.56, 2.12] | 1.00 [0.43, 2.33] | 1.50 [0.24, 9.45] | 1.52 [0.43, 5.38] | 1.29 [0.32, 5.17] | 1.05 [0.50, 2.19] | 1.29 [0.32, 5.17] | 0.01 [‐0.04, 0.06] |
| Tumour recurrence | 3.05 [0.12, 76.39] | 3.05 [0.12, 76.39] | Not estimable | Not estimable | Not estimable | Not estimable | 3.05 [0.12, 76.39] | Not estimable | 0.00 [‐0.02, 0.02] |
| Hospital stay | ‐0.41 [‐0.53, ‐0.28]* | ‐0.29 [‐2.33, 1.74]* | ‐0.04 [‐3.68, 3.59] | Not estimable | ‐4.00 [‐6.19, ‐1.81]* | ‐4.00 [‐6.19, ‐1.81]* | ‐0.39 [‐0.52, ‐0.27]* | ‐4.00 [‐6.19, ‐1.81]* | ‐0.41 [‐0.53, ‐0.28]* |
| Outcome | Kt+Kc = 1 | Kt+Kc = 0.1 | Kt+Kc = 0.01 |
| Mortality | 1.19 [0.38, 3.76] | 1.19 [0.36, 3.94] | 1.19 [0.36, 3.96] |
| Re‐operation due to any cause | Not applicable. | Not applicable. | Not applicable. |
| Re‐operation due to abdominal collection | 4.09 [0.78, 21.44] | 4.08 [0.48, 34.47] | 4.08 [0.45, 37.23] |
| Abdominal collection requiring drain insertion | 0.59 [0.25, 1.38] | 0.59 [0.24, 1.46] | 0.59 [0.23, 1.47] |
| Abdominal collection requiring aspiration | Not applicable. | Not applicable. | Not applicable. |
| Infected abdominal collection | 2.20 [0.80, 6.10] | 2.20 [0.75, 6.46] | 2.20 [0.75, 6.50] |
| Wound dehiscence | 0.54 [0.11, 2.55] | 0.57 [0.08, 4.06] | 0.56 [0.07, 4.23] |
| Wound infection | Not applicable. | Not applicable. | Not applicable. |
| Biliary fistula | Not measurable. | Not measurable. | Not measurable. |
| Ascitic leak | Not applicable. | Not applicable. | Not applicable. |
| Chest infection | Not applicable. | Not applicable. | Not applicable. |
| Other respiratory complications | Not applicable. | Not applicable. | Not applicable. |
| Tumour recurrence | Not measurable. | Not measurable. | Not measurable. |
| Hospital stay | Not applicable. | Not applicable. | Not applicable. |
| Kt and Kc as in Sweeting 2004. | |||
| Study name | Drain group | Cause(s) of death | "No drain" group | Cause(s) of death | Remarks |
| Belghiti 1993 | 1 | Perforated duodenal ulcer. | 1 | Myocardial infarction | |
| Fong 1996 | 2 | 2 | ‐ | 2 cases of liver failure, 1 case due to pneumonia, and another due to abdominal collection ‐ but the group was not stated. | |
| Fuster 2004 | 0 | ‐ | 0 | ‐ | |
| Liu 2004 | 3 | Abdominal sepsis 1, chest infection 1, and liver failure 1. | 1 | Chest infection | All the patients who died developed liver failure at some stage. |
| Sun 2006 | 0 | ‐ | 1 | Chest infection | |
| Overall | 6 | 5 |
| Outcome | Open drain | Closed drain | Odds ratio |
| Sample size | 84 | 102 | |
| Mortality | 4 | 3 | 1.65 [0.36, 7.59] |
| Infected abdominal collections | 12 | 3 | 5.50 [1.50, 20.20] |
| Chest infection | 6 | 4 | 1.88 [0.51, 6.91] |
| Other chest complications | 25 | 10 | 3.90 [1.75, 8.70] |
| Hospital stay (Mean +/‐ SD) | 28.6 +/‐ 5.2 | 23.2 +/‐ 7.3 | 5.40 [3.60, 7.20] |
| Outcome or subgroup title | No. of studies | No. of participants | Statistical method | Effect size |
| 1 Mortality at maximal follow‐up Show forest plot | 5 | 465 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.17 [0.37, 3.70] |
| 1.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 264 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.41 [0.27, 7.28] |
| 1.2 Low methodological quality | 2 | 201 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.97 [0.19, 4.95] |
| 2 Re‐operation for any reason Show forest plot | 5 | 465 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.35 [0.44, 4.11] |
| 2.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 264 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.69 [0.40, 7.22] |
| 2.2 Low methodological quality | 2 | 201 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.96 [0.16, 5.60] |
| 3 Re‐operation for intra‐abdominal collection Show forest plot | 5 | 465 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.86 [0.50, 6.96] |
| 3.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 264 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.69 [0.40, 7.22] |
| 3.2 Low methodological quality | 2 | 201 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.86 [0.11, 72.19] |
| 4 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring drain insertion Show forest plot | 5 | 465 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.63 [0.27, 1.48] |
| 4.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 264 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.29 [0.31, 5.33] |
| 4.2 Low methodological quality | 2 | 201 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.40 [0.13, 1.25] |
| 5 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring aspiration Show forest plot | 1 | 120 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.03 [0.18, 23.06] |
| 5.1 High methodological quality | 1 | 120 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.03 [0.18, 23.06] |
| 6 Infected intra‐abdominal collections Show forest plot | 5 | 465 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.01 [0.73, 5.50] |
| 6.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 264 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.71 [0.14, 3.67] |
| 6.2 Low methodological quality | 2 | 201 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.98 [0.95, 16.74] |
| 7 Abdominal collections diagnosed by routine ultrasound Show forest plot | 3 | 305 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 1.06 [0.46, 2.49] |
| 7.1 High methodological quality | 2 | 224 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.72 [0.42, 1.22] |
| 7.2 Low methodological quality | 1 | 81 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 3.06 [1.04, 8.95] |
| 8 Wound dehiscence Show forest plot | 5 | 465 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.57 [0.07, 4.41] |
| 8.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 264 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.0 [0.06, 16.43] |
| 8.2 Low methodological quality | 2 | 201 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.30 [0.01, 7.63] |
| 9 Wound infection Show forest plot | 4 | 384 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.78 [0.87, 3.64] |
| 9.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 264 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.62 [0.73, 3.58] |
| 9.2 Low methodological quality | 1 | 120 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.64 [0.49, 14.16] |
| 10 Biliary fistula Show forest plot | 4 | 384 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.60 [0.41, 6.29] |
| 10.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 264 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 5.20 [0.24, 110.95] |
| 10.2 Low methodological quality | 1 | 120 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.0 [0.19, 5.16] |
| 11 Ascitic leak Show forest plot | 5 | 465 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 1.39 [0.17, 11.46] |
| 11.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 264 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 3.41 [0.22, 52.13] |
| 11.2 Low methodological quality | 2 | 201 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.24 [0.03, 2.20] |
| 12 Chest infections Show forest plot | 5 | 465 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.33 [0.55, 3.22] |
| 12.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 264 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.64 [0.52, 5.14] |
| 12.2 Low methodological quality | 2 | 201 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.96 [0.23, 3.96] |
| 13 Other respiratory complications Show forest plot | 5 | 465 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.09 [0.57, 2.10] |
| 13.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 264 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.0 [0.43, 2.33] |
| 13.2 Low methodological quality | 2 | 201 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.25 [0.44, 3.53] |
| 14 Tumour recurrence at drain site Show forest plot | 5 | 465 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.05 [0.12, 76.39] |
| 14.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 264 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 14.2 Low methodological quality | 2 | 201 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.05 [0.12, 76.39] |
| 15 Hospital stay Show forest plot | 5 | 465 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | ‐0.29 [‐2.33, 1.74] |
| 15.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 264 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | ‐0.04 [‐3.68, 3.59] |
| 15.2 Low methodological quality | 2 | 201 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | ‐0.11 [‐2.05, 1.84] |
| Outcome or subgroup title | No. of studies | No. of participants | Statistical method | Effect size |
| 1 Mortality at maximal follow‐up Show forest plot | 2 | 121 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.77 [0.04, 13.87] |
| 1.1 Major liver resections | 1 | 25 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.77 [0.04, 13.87] |
| 1.2 Minor liver resections | 2 | 96 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 2 Re‐operation for any reason Show forest plot | 3 | 241 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.66 [0.14, 3.05] |
| 2.1 Major liver resections | 2 | 112 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.85 [0.14, 5.13] |
| 2.2 Minor liver resections | 3 | 129 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.32 [0.01, 8.26] |
| 3 Re‐operation for intra‐abdominal collection Show forest plot | 3 | 241 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.56 [0.09, 69.00] |
| 3.1 Major liver resections | 2 | 112 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.56 [0.09, 69.00] |
| 3.2 Minor liver resections | 3 | 129 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 4 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring drain insertion Show forest plot | 3 | 241 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.37 [0.13, 1.03] |
| 4.1 Major liver resections | 2 | 112 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.42 [0.13, 1.36] |
| 4.2 Minor liver resections | 3 | 129 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.24 [0.03, 2.21] |
| 5 Infected intra‐abdominal collections Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.18 [0.01, 4.01] |
| 5.1 Minor liver resections | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.18 [0.01, 4.01] |
| 6 Wound dehiscence Show forest plot | 4 | 361 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.24 [0.01, 6.53] |
| 6.1 Major liver resections | 3 | 161 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.24 [0.01, 6.53] |
| 6.2 Minor liver resections | 4 | 200 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 7 Wound infection Show forest plot | 2 | 160 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 1.10 [0.18, 6.86] |
| 7.1 Major liver resections | 1 | 87 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 2.05 [0.36, 11.83] |
| 7.2 Minor liver resections | 2 | 73 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.61 [0.02, 15.87] |
| 8 Biliary fistula Show forest plot | 2 | 121 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.24 [0.01, 6.53] |
| 8.1 Major liver resections | 1 | 25 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.24 [0.01, 6.53] |
| 8.2 Minor liver resections | 2 | 96 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 9 Ascitic leak Show forest plot | 2 | 160 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.24 [0.06, 0.97] |
| 9.1 Major liver resections | 1 | 87 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.32 [0.01, 8.03] |
| 9.2 Minor liver resections | 2 | 73 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.23 [0.05, 1.06] |
| 10 Chest infections Show forest plot | 2 | 160 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.39 [0.07, 2.06] |
| 10.1 Major liver resections | 1 | 87 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.48 [0.04, 5.46] |
| 10.2 Minor liver resections | 2 | 73 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.33 [0.03, 3.27] |
| 11 Other respiratory complications Show forest plot | 2 | 160 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.51 [0.53, 4.29] |
| 11.1 Major liver resections | 1 | 87 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.5 [0.24, 9.45] |
| 11.2 Minor liver resections | 2 | 73 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.52 [0.43, 5.38] |
| 12 Tumour recurrence at drain site Show forest plot | 2 | 121 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 12.1 Major liver resections | 1 | 25 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 12.2 Minor liver resections | 2 | 96 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 13 Hospital stay Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐4.0 [‐6.19, ‐1.81] |
| 13.1 Minor liver resections | 1 | 40 | Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐4.0 [‐6.19, ‐1.81] |
| Outcome or subgroup title | No. of studies | No. of participants | Statistical method | Effect size |
| 1 Mortality at maximal follow‐up Show forest plot | 3 | 163 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.53 [0.53, 23.40] |
| 2 Re‐operation for any reason Show forest plot | 3 | 163 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.08 [0.26, 4.51] |
| 3 Re‐operation for intra‐abdominal collection Show forest plot | 3 | 163 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.53 [0.53, 23.40] |
| 4 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring drain insertion Show forest plot | 3 | 163 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.98 [0.04, 26.33] |
| 5 Infected intra‐abdominal collections Show forest plot | 2 | 144 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.74 [0.07, 7.83] |
| 6 Abdominal collections diagnosed by routine ultrasound Show forest plot | 1 | 104 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.61 [0.27, 1.36] |
| 7 Wound dehiscence Show forest plot | 3 | 163 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.67 [0.08, 5.45] |
| 8 Wound infection Show forest plot | 2 | 112 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.54 [0.10, 2.83] |
| 9 Biliary fistula Show forest plot | 2 | 144 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 5.20 [0.24, 110.95] |
| 10 Ascitic leak Show forest plot | 3 | 163 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 1.11 [0.11, 11.06] |
| 11 Chest infections Show forest plot | 2 | 144 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 1.68 [0.16, 17.12] |
| 12 Other respiratory complications Show forest plot | 2 | 144 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.11 [0.45, 2.76] |
| 13 Tumour recurrence at drain site Show forest plot | 3 | 163 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 14 Hospital stay Show forest plot | 2 | 144 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | 1.02 [‐9.26, 11.30] |
| Outcome or subgroup title | No. of studies | No. of participants | Statistical method | Effect size |
| 1 Mortality at maximal follow‐up Show forest plot | 2 | 59 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 4.6 [0.16, 128.54] |
| 2 Re‐operation for any reason Show forest plot | 2 | 59 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.36 [0.04, 3.69] |
| 3 Re‐operation for intra‐abdominal collection Show forest plot | 2 | 59 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 4.6 [0.16, 128.54] |
| 4 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring drain insertion Show forest plot | 2 | 59 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.18 [0.01, 4.01] |
| 5 Infected intra‐abdominal collections Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.18 [0.01, 4.01] |
| 6 Wound dehiscence Show forest plot | 2 | 59 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.41 [0.01, 11.46] |
| 7 Wound infection Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.12 [0.01, 2.53] |
| 8 Biliary fistula Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 9 Ascitic leak Show forest plot | 2 | 59 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.36 [0.10, 1.22] |
| 10 Chest infections Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.32 [0.01, 8.26] |
| 11 Other respiratory complications Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.29 [0.32, 5.17] |
| 12 Tumour recurrence at drain site Show forest plot | 2 | 59 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 13 Hospital stay Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | ‐4.0 [‐6.19, ‐1.81] |
| Outcome or subgroup title | No. of studies | No. of participants | Statistical method | Effect size |
| 1 Mortality at maximal follow‐up Show forest plot | 3 | 241 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.57 [0.07, 4.43] |
| 2 Re‐operation for any reason Show forest plot | 3 | 241 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.98 [0.19, 4.93] |
| 3 Re‐operation for intra‐abdominal collection Show forest plot | 3 | 241 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.95 [0.30, 28.88] |
| 4 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring drain insertion Show forest plot | 3 | 241 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.66 [0.11, 4.02] |
| 5 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring aspiration Show forest plot | 1 | 120 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.03 [0.18, 23.06] |
| 6 Infected intra‐abdominal collections Show forest plot | 3 | 241 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 1.02 [0.07, 15.68] |
| 7 Abdominal collections diagnosed by routine ultrasound Show forest plot | 2 | 201 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 1.48 [0.41, 5.38] |
| 8 Wound dehiscence Show forest plot | 3 | 241 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.30 [0.01, 7.63] |
| 9 Wound infection Show forest plot | 2 | 160 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.58 [0.05, 6.73] |
| 10 Biliary fistula Show forest plot | 2 | 160 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 11 Ascitic leak Show forest plot | 3 | 241 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 1.29 [0.03, 52.15] |
| 12 Chest infections Show forest plot | 3 | 241 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.96 [0.23, 3.96] |
| 13 Other respiratory complications Show forest plot | 3 | 241 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.96 [0.40, 2.33] |
| 14 Tumour recurrence at drain site Show forest plot | 3 | 241 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 15 Hospital stay Show forest plot | 3 | 241 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | ‐1.40 [‐3.91, 1.10] |
| Outcome or subgroup title | No. of studies | No. of participants | Statistical method | Effect size |
| 1 Mortality at maximal follow‐up Show forest plot | 4 | 425 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.17 [0.37, 3.70] |
| 1.1 High Methodological quality | 3 | 305 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.27 [0.31, 5.21] |
| 1.2 Low methodological quality | 1 | 120 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.0 [0.14, 7.34] |
| 2 Re‐operation for any reason Show forest plot | 4 | 425 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.73 [0.50, 5.99] |
| 2.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 305 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.55 [0.40, 5.99] |
| 2.2 Low methodological quality | 1 | 120 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.05 [0.12, 76.39] |
| 3 Re‐operation for intra‐abdominal collection Show forest plot | 4 | 425 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.04 [0.60, 15.31] |
| 3.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 305 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.04 [0.60, 15.31] |
| 3.2 Low methodological quality | 1 | 120 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 4 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring drain insertion Show forest plot | 4 | 425 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.73 [0.30, 1.80] |
| 4.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 305 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 4.11 [0.45, 37.34] |
| 4.2 Low methodological quality | 1 | 120 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.40 [0.13, 1.25] |
| 5 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring aspiration Show forest plot | 1 | 120 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.03 [0.18, 23.06] |
| 5.1 High methodological quality | 1 | 120 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.03 [0.18, 23.06] |
| 5.2 Low methodological quality | 0 | 0 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 6 Infected intra‐abdominal collections Show forest plot | 4 | 425 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.40 [1.00, 11.60] |
| 6.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 305 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.72 [0.69, 10.69] |
| 6.2 Low methodological quality | 1 | 120 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 7.37 [0.37, 145.75] |
| 7 Abdominal collections diagnosed by routine ultrasound Show forest plot | 3 | 305 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 1.06 [0.46, 2.49] |
| 8 Wound dehiscence Show forest plot | 4 | 425 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.57 [0.07, 4.41] |
| 8.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 305 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.57 [0.07, 4.41] |
| 8.2 Low methodological quality | 1 | 120 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 9 Wound infection Show forest plot | 3 | 344 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.48 [1.12, 5.50] |
| 9.1 High methodological quality | 2 | 224 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.43 [0.98, 6.01] |
| 9.2 Low methodological quality | 1 | 120 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.64 [0.49, 14.16] |
| 10 Biliary fistula Show forest plot | 3 | 344 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.60 [0.41, 6.29] |
| 10.1 High methodological quality | 2 | 224 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 5.20 [0.24, 110.95] |
| 10.2 Low methodological quality | 1 | 120 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.0 [0.19, 5.16] |
| 11 Ascitic leak Show forest plot | 4 | 425 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 2.55 [0.30, 21.95] |
| 11.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 305 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 5.34 [0.65, 44.13] |
| 11.2 Low methodological quality | 1 | 120 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.19 [0.01, 4.11] |
| 12 Chest infections Show forest plot | 4 | 425 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 1.40 [0.37, 5.29] |
| 12.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 305 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 2.51 [0.73, 8.54] |
| 12.2 Low methodological quality | 1 | 120 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.32 [0.03, 3.19] |
| 13 Other respiratory complications Show forest plot | 4 | 425 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.05 [0.50, 2.19] |
| 13.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 305 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.88 [0.39, 2.03] |
| 13.2 Low methodological quality | 1 | 120 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.07 [0.36, 11.76] |
| 14 Tumour recurrence at drain site Show forest plot | 4 | 425 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.05 [0.12, 76.39] |
| 14.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 305 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 14.2 Low methodological quality | 1 | 120 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.05 [0.12, 76.39] |
| 15 Hospital stay Show forest plot | 4 | 425 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | 0.55 [‐1.35, 2.45] |
| 15.1 High methodological quality | 3 | 305 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | 1.41 [‐1.87, 4.69] |
| 15.2 Low methodological quality | 1 | 120 | Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) | ‐0.30 [‐2.67, 2.07] |
| Outcome or subgroup title | No. of studies | No. of participants | Statistical method | Effect size |
| 1 Mortality at maximal follow‐up Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 1.1 High Methodological quality | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 2 Re‐operation for any reason Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.32 [0.01, 8.26] |
| 2.1 High methodological quality | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.32 [0.01, 8.26] |
| 3 Re‐operation for intra‐abdominal collection Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.32 [0.01, 8.26] |
| 3.1 High methodological quality | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.32 [0.01, 8.26] |
| 4 Intra‐abdominal collection requiring drain insertion Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.18 [0.01, 4.01] |
| 4.1 High methodological quality | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.18 [0.01, 4.01] |
| 5 Infected intra‐abdominal collections Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.18 [0.01, 4.01] |
| 5.1 High methodological quality | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.18 [0.01, 4.01] |
| 6 Wound dehiscence Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 6.1 High methodological quality | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 7 Wound infection Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.12 [0.01, 2.53] |
| 7.1 High methodological quality | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.12 [0.01, 2.53] |
| 8 Biliary fistula Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 8.1 High methodological quality | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 9 Ascitic leak Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.21 [0.04, 1.16] |
| 9.1 High methodological quality | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.21 [0.04, 1.16] |
| 10 Chest infections Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.32 [0.01, 8.26] |
| 10.1 High methodological quality | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.32 [0.01, 8.26] |
| 11 Other respiratory complications Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.29 [0.32, 5.17] |
| 11.1 High methodological quality | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.29 [0.32, 5.17] |
| 12 Tumour recurrence at drain site Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 12.1 High methodological quality | 1 | 40 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 13 Hospital stay Show forest plot | 1 | 40 | Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐4.0 [‐6.19, ‐1.81] |
| 13.1 High methodological quality | 1 | 40 | Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐4.0 [‐6.19, ‐1.81] |
| Outcome or subgroup title | No. of studies | No. of participants | Statistical method | Effect size |
| 1 Mortality Show forest plot | 1 | 186 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.65 [0.36, 7.59] |
| 2 Infected abdominal collection Show forest plot | 1 | 186 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 5.5 [1.50, 20.20] |
| 3 Chest infection Show forest plot | 1 | 186 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.88 [0.51, 6.91] |
| 4 Other chest complications Show forest plot | 1 | 186 | Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.90 [1.75, 8.70] |
| 5 Hospital stay Show forest plot | 1 | 186 | Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) | 5.40 [3.60, 7.20] |
