Scolaris Content Display Scolaris Content Display

Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN): Treatment failure at day 63 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR)
Figures and Tables -
Figure 1

Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN): Treatment failure at day 63 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR)

Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN): Treatment failure at day 63 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR)
Figures and Tables -
Figure 2

Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN): Treatment failure at day 63 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR)

Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP): Treatment failure at delivery or day 40 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR)
Figures and Tables -
Figure 3

Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP): Treatment failure at delivery or day 40 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR)

Amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AQ+SP) vs chloroquine (CQ): Treatment failure at day 28 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR)
Figures and Tables -
Figure 4

Amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AQ+SP) vs chloroquine (CQ): Treatment failure at day 28 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR)

Amodiaquine (AQ) vs chloroquine (CQ): Treatment failure at day 28 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR)
Figures and Tables -
Figure 5

Amodiaquine (AQ) vs chloroquine (CQ): Treatment failure at day 28 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR)

Azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP): Treatment failure at delivery or day 40 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR)
Figures and Tables -
Figure 6

Azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP): Treatment failure at delivery or day 40 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR)

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at day 63.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.1

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at day 63.

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 2 Treatment failure at day 63 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.2

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 2 Treatment failure at day 63 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR).

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 3 Anaemia.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.3

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 3 Anaemia.

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 4 Tinnitus.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.4

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 4 Tinnitus.

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 5 Low birthweight.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.5

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 5 Low birthweight.

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 6 Mean birthweight.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.6

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 6 Mean birthweight.

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 7 Preterm delivery.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.7

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 7 Preterm delivery.

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 8 Gestational age.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.8

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 8 Gestational age.

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 9 Intra‐uterine growth retardation.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.9

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 9 Intra‐uterine growth retardation.

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 10 Congenital abnormality.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 1.10

Comparison 1 Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 10 Congenital abnormality.

Comparison 2 Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at day 63 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.1

Comparison 2 Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at day 63 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR).

Comparison 2 Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 2 Anaemia.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.2

Comparison 2 Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 2 Anaemia.

Comparison 2 Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 3 Nervous system adverse events.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.3

Comparison 2 Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 3 Nervous system adverse events.

Comparison 2 Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 4 Gastrointestinal adverse events.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.4

Comparison 2 Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 4 Gastrointestinal adverse events.

Comparison 2 Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 5 Other adverse events.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.5

Comparison 2 Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 5 Other adverse events.

Comparison 2 Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 6 Low birthweight.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.6

Comparison 2 Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 6 Low birthweight.

Comparison 2 Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 7 Mean birthweight.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.7

Comparison 2 Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 7 Mean birthweight.

Comparison 2 Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 8 Abortion.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.8

Comparison 2 Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 8 Abortion.

Comparison 2 Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 9 Neonatal jaundice.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 2.9

Comparison 2 Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 9 Neonatal jaundice.

Comparison 3 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at delivery or day 40.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 3.1

Comparison 3 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at delivery or day 40.

Comparison 3 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP), Outcome 2 Treatment failure at delivery or day 40 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 3.2

Comparison 3 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP), Outcome 2 Treatment failure at delivery or day 40 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR).

Comparison 3 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP), Outcome 3 Maternal anaemia.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 3.3

Comparison 3 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP), Outcome 3 Maternal anaemia.

Comparison 3 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP), Outcome 4 Low birthweight.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 3.4

Comparison 3 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP), Outcome 4 Low birthweight.

Comparison 3 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP), Outcome 5 Perinatal death.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 3.5

Comparison 3 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP), Outcome 5 Perinatal death.

Comparison 3 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP), Outcome 6 Neonatal death.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 3.6

Comparison 3 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP), Outcome 6 Neonatal death.

Comparison 4 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at delivery or 40 days.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 4.1

Comparison 4 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at delivery or 40 days.

Comparison 4 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 2 Treatment failure at delivery or day 40 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 4.2

Comparison 4 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 2 Treatment failure at delivery or day 40 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR).

Comparison 4 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 3 Maternal anaemia.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 4.3

Comparison 4 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 3 Maternal anaemia.

Comparison 4 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 4 Low birthweight.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 4.4

Comparison 4 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 4 Low birthweight.

Comparison 4 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 5 Perinatal death.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 4.5

Comparison 4 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 5 Perinatal death.

Comparison 4 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 6 Neonatal death.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 4.6

Comparison 4 Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 6 Neonatal death.

Comparison 5 Quinine plus spiramycin (QN+SPI) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 1 Mean parasite clearance time.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 5.1

Comparison 5 Quinine plus spiramycin (QN+SPI) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 1 Mean parasite clearance time.

Comparison 5 Quinine plus spiramycin (QN+SPI) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 2 Mean gestational age at delivery.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 5.2

Comparison 5 Quinine plus spiramycin (QN+SPI) vs quinine (QN), Outcome 2 Mean gestational age at delivery.

Comparison 6 Artesunate (AS) vs quinine plus clindamycin (QN+CLD), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at 48 hours (excludes new infections, detected by PCR).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 6.1

Comparison 6 Artesunate (AS) vs quinine plus clindamycin (QN+CLD), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at 48 hours (excludes new infections, detected by PCR).

Comparison 6 Artesunate (AS) vs quinine plus clindamycin (QN+CLD), Outcome 2 Mean parasite clearance time.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 6.2

Comparison 6 Artesunate (AS) vs quinine plus clindamycin (QN+CLD), Outcome 2 Mean parasite clearance time.

Comparison 6 Artesunate (AS) vs quinine plus clindamycin (QN+CLD), Outcome 3 Anaemia at day 7.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 6.3

Comparison 6 Artesunate (AS) vs quinine plus clindamycin (QN+CLD), Outcome 3 Anaemia at day 7.

Comparison 6 Artesunate (AS) vs quinine plus clindamycin (QN+CLD), Outcome 4 Low birthweight.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 6.4

Comparison 6 Artesunate (AS) vs quinine plus clindamycin (QN+CLD), Outcome 4 Low birthweight.

Comparison 6 Artesunate (AS) vs quinine plus clindamycin (QN+CLD), Outcome 5 Mean birthweight.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 6.5

Comparison 6 Artesunate (AS) vs quinine plus clindamycin (QN+CLD), Outcome 5 Mean birthweight.

Comparison 6 Artesunate (AS) vs quinine plus clindamycin (QN+CLD), Outcome 6 Mean gestational age at delivery.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 6.6

Comparison 6 Artesunate (AS) vs quinine plus clindamycin (QN+CLD), Outcome 6 Mean gestational age at delivery.

Comparison 7 Artemether plus mefloquine (ATM+MQ) vs artemether (ATM), Outcome 1 Mean fever clearance time.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 7.1

Comparison 7 Artemether plus mefloquine (ATM+MQ) vs artemether (ATM), Outcome 1 Mean fever clearance time.

Comparison 7 Artemether plus mefloquine (ATM+MQ) vs artemether (ATM), Outcome 2 Mean parasite clearance time.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 7.2

Comparison 7 Artemether plus mefloquine (ATM+MQ) vs artemether (ATM), Outcome 2 Mean parasite clearance time.

Comparison 7 Artemether plus mefloquine (ATM+MQ) vs artemether (ATM), Outcome 3 Adverse events.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 7.3

Comparison 7 Artemether plus mefloquine (ATM+MQ) vs artemether (ATM), Outcome 3 Adverse events.

Comparison 7 Artemether plus mefloquine (ATM+MQ) vs artemether (ATM), Outcome 4 Mean birthweight.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 7.4

Comparison 7 Artemether plus mefloquine (ATM+MQ) vs artemether (ATM), Outcome 4 Mean birthweight.

Comparison 8 Amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AQ+SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at day 28.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 8.1

Comparison 8 Amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AQ+SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at day 28.

Comparison 8 Amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AQ+SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 2 Treatment failure at day 28 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 8.2

Comparison 8 Amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AQ+SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 2 Treatment failure at day 28 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR).

Comparison 8 Amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AQ+SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 3 Adverse events.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 8.3

Comparison 8 Amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AQ+SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 3 Adverse events.

Comparison 8 Amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AQ+SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 4 Low birthweight.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 8.4

Comparison 8 Amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AQ+SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 4 Low birthweight.

Comparison 8 Amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AQ+SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 5 Preterm delivery.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 8.5

Comparison 8 Amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AQ+SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 5 Preterm delivery.

Comparison 9 Amodiaquine (AQ) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at day 28.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 9.1

Comparison 9 Amodiaquine (AQ) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at day 28.

Comparison 9 Amodiaquine (AQ) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 2 Treatment failure at day 28 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 9.2

Comparison 9 Amodiaquine (AQ) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 2 Treatment failure at day 28 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR).

Comparison 9 Amodiaquine (AQ) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 3 Adverse events.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 9.3

Comparison 9 Amodiaquine (AQ) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 3 Adverse events.

Comparison 9 Amodiaquine (AQ) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 4 Low birthweight.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 9.4

Comparison 9 Amodiaquine (AQ) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 4 Low birthweight.

Comparison 9 Amodiaquine (AQ) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 5 Preterm delivery.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 9.5

Comparison 9 Amodiaquine (AQ) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 5 Preterm delivery.

Comparison 10 Azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at delivery or day 40.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 10.1

Comparison 10 Azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at delivery or day 40.

Comparison 10 Azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 2 Treatment failure at delivery or day 40 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 10.2

Comparison 10 Azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 2 Treatment failure at delivery or day 40 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR).

Comparison 10 Azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 3 Maternal anaemia.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 10.3

Comparison 10 Azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 3 Maternal anaemia.

Comparison 10 Azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 4 Low birthweight.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 10.4

Comparison 10 Azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 4 Low birthweight.

Comparison 10 Azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 5 Perinatal death.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 10.5

Comparison 10 Azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 5 Perinatal death.

Comparison 10 Azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 6 Neonatal death.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 10.6

Comparison 10 Azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP), Outcome 6 Neonatal death.

Comparison 11 Sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at day 14.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 11.1

Comparison 11 Sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at day 14.

Comparison 11 Sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 2 Treatment failure at day 28.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 11.2

Comparison 11 Sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 2 Treatment failure at day 28.

Comparison 11 Sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 3 Treatment failure at day 28 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR).
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 11.3

Comparison 11 Sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 3 Treatment failure at day 28 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR).

Comparison 11 Sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 4 Adverse events.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 11.4

Comparison 11 Sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 4 Adverse events.

Comparison 11 Sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 5 Low birthweight.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 11.5

Comparison 11 Sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 5 Low birthweight.

Comparison 11 Sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 6 Preterm delivery.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 11.6

Comparison 11 Sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP) vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 6 Preterm delivery.

Comparison 12 Chloroquine plus clindamycin (CQ+CLD) for 3 or 5 days vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at day 14.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 12.1

Comparison 12 Chloroquine plus clindamycin (CQ+CLD) for 3 or 5 days vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 1 Treatment failure at day 14.

Comparison 12 Chloroquine plus clindamycin (CQ+CLD) for 3 or 5 days vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 2 Adverse event: itching.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 12.2

Comparison 12 Chloroquine plus clindamycin (CQ+CLD) for 3 or 5 days vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 2 Adverse event: itching.

Comparison 12 Chloroquine plus clindamycin (CQ+CLD) for 3 or 5 days vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 3 Adverse event: diarrhoea.
Figures and Tables -
Analysis 12.3

Comparison 12 Chloroquine plus clindamycin (CQ+CLD) for 3 or 5 days vs chloroquine (CQ), Outcome 3 Adverse event: diarrhoea.

Table 1. Detailed search strategies

Search set

CIDG SRa

CENTRAL

MEDLINEb

EMBASEb

LILACSb

1

malaria

malaria

malaria

malaria

malaria

2

pregnan*

pregnan*

Exp MALARIA

MALARIA

pregnan*

3

1 and 2

pregnan*

pregnan$

1 and 2

4

PREGNANCY

PREGNANCY

5

1 or 2

1 or 2

6

3 or 4

3 or 4

7

5 and 6

5 and 6

8

Limit 7 to human

Limit 7 to human

aCochrane Infectious Diseases Group Specialized Register.
bSearch terms used in combination with the search strategy for retrieving trials developed by The Cochrane Collaboration (Lefebvre 2008); upper case: MeSH or EMTREE heading; lower case: free text term.

Figures and Tables -
Table 1. Detailed search strategies
Table 2. Risk of bias of included trialsa

Trial

Generation of allocation sequence

Allocation concealment

Blinding

Inclusion of all randomized participants in the final analysisb

Bounyasong 2001

Unclear

Unclear

None

Adequate

Coulibaly 2006

Adequate

Unclear

None

Inadequate

Kalilani 2007

Adequate

Adequate

Outcome assessor

Inadequate

Mbanzulu 1993

Inadequate

Unclear

Outcome assessor

Adequate

McGready 2000

Adequate

Unclear

None

Adequate

McGready 2001a

Unclear

Unclear

None

Inadequate

McGready 2005

Adequate

Adequate

Outcome assessor

Adequate

Nosten 1993b

Inadequate

Unclear

None

Inadequate

Sowunmi 1998a

Unclear

Unclear

None

Adequate

Tagbor 2006

Adequate

Adequate

Participant, treatment provider, outcome assessor, data analyst

Adequate

aSee 'Assessment of risk of bias in included studies' for the assessment methods, and the 'Characteristics of included studies' for the methods used in each trial.
bFor primary outcomes.

Figures and Tables -
Table 2. Risk of bias of included trialsa
Comparison 1. Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Treatment failure at day 63 Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2 Treatment failure at day 63 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR) Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

3 Anaemia Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

4 Tinnitus Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

5 Low birthweight Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

6 Mean birthweight Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

7 Preterm delivery Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

8 Gestational age Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

9 Intra‐uterine growth retardation Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

10 Congenital abnormality Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 1. Artesunate plus atovaquone‐proguanil (AS+AP) vs quinine (QN)
Comparison 2. Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Treatment failure at day 63 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR) Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2 Anaemia Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2.1 On admission

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

2.2 Day 7

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

2.3 Day 28

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

2.4 Day 42

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

2.5 Day 63

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3 Nervous system adverse events Show forest plot

2

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

3.1 Abnormal neurology

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.2 Blurring vision

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.3 Dizziness

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.4 Headache

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.5 Tinnitus

2

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.6 Vertigo

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4 Gastrointestinal adverse events Show forest plot

2

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

4.1 Abdominal pain

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.2 Anorexia

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.3 Nausea

2

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.4 Vomiting

2

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

5 Other adverse events Show forest plot

2

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

5.1 Hypoglycaemia

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

5.2 Muscle and joint pain

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

5.3 Palpitations

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

6 Low birthweight Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

7 Mean birthweight Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

8 Abortion Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

9 Neonatal jaundice Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 2. Artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) vs quinine (QN)
Comparison 3. Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Treatment failure at delivery or day 40 Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2 Treatment failure at delivery or day 40 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR) Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

3 Maternal anaemia Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

4 Low birthweight Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

5 Perinatal death Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

6 Neonatal death Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 3. Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP)
Comparison 4. Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Treatment failure at delivery or 40 days Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2 Treatment failure at delivery or day 40 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR) Show forest plot

1

Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

3 Maternal anaemia Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

4 Low birthweight Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

5 Perinatal death Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

6 Neonatal death Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 4. Artesunate plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AS+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP)
Comparison 5. Quinine plus spiramycin (QN+SPI) vs quinine (QN)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Mean parasite clearance time Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2 Mean gestational age at delivery Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 5. Quinine plus spiramycin (QN+SPI) vs quinine (QN)
Comparison 6. Artesunate (AS) vs quinine plus clindamycin (QN+CLD)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Treatment failure at 48 hours (excludes new infections, detected by PCR) Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2 Mean parasite clearance time Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

3 Anaemia at day 7 Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

4 Low birthweight Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

5 Mean birthweight Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

6 Mean gestational age at delivery Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 6. Artesunate (AS) vs quinine plus clindamycin (QN+CLD)
Comparison 7. Artemether plus mefloquine (ATM+MQ) vs artemether (ATM)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Mean fever clearance time Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2 Mean parasite clearance time Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

3 Adverse events Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

3.1 Abdominal discomfort

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.2 Dizziness

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4 Mean birthweight Show forest plot

1

Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 7. Artemether plus mefloquine (ATM+MQ) vs artemether (ATM)
Comparison 8. Amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AQ+SP) vs chloroquine (CQ)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Treatment failure at day 28 Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2 Treatment failure at day 28 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR) Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

3 Adverse events Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

3.1 Any "side effect" at day 3

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.2 Any "side effect" at day 7

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.3 General weakness at day 3

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.4 General weakness at day 7

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.5 Dizziness at day 3

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.6 Dizziness at day 7

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.7 Vomiting day 3

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.8 Vomiting at day 7

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.9 Itching at day 3

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.10 Itching at day 7

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.11 Nausea at day 3

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.12 Nausea at day 7

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4 Low birthweight Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

5 Preterm delivery Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 8. Amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AQ+SP) vs chloroquine (CQ)
Comparison 9. Amodiaquine (AQ) vs chloroquine (CQ)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Treatment failure at day 28 Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2 Treatment failure at day 28 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR) Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

3 Adverse events Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

3.1 Any "side effect" at day 3

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.2 Any "side effect" at day 7

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.3 General weakness at day 3

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.4 General weakness at day 7

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.5 Dizziness at day 3

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.6 Dizziness at day 7

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.7 Vomiting at day 3

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.8 Vomiting at day 7

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.9 Itching at day 3

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.10 Itching at day 7

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.11 Nausea at day 3

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.12 Nausea at day 7

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4 Low birthweight Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

5 Preterm delivery Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 9. Amodiaquine (AQ) vs chloroquine (CQ)
Comparison 10. Azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Treatment failure at delivery or day 40 Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2 Treatment failure at delivery or day 40 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR) Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

3 Maternal anaemia Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

4 Low birthweight Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

5 Perinatal death Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

6 Neonatal death Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 10. Azithromycin plus sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (AZM+SP) vs sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP)
Comparison 11. Sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP) vs chloroquine (CQ)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Treatment failure at day 14 Show forest plot

2

544

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.56 [0.29, 1.09]

2 Treatment failure at day 28 Show forest plot

2

538

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.46 [0.33, 0.64]

3 Treatment failure at day 28 (excludes new infections, detected by PCR) Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

4 Adverse events Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

4.1 Any "side effect" at day 3

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.2 Any "side effect" at day 7

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.3 General weakness at day 3

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.4 General weakness at day 7

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.5 Dizziness at day 3

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.6 Dizziness at day 7

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.7 Vomiting at day 3

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.8 Vomiting at day 7

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.9 Itching at day 3

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.10 Itching at day 7

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.11 Nausea at day 3

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

4.12 Nausea at day 7

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

5 Low birthweight Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

6 Preterm delivery Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 11. Sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP) vs chloroquine (CQ)
Comparison 12. Chloroquine plus clindamycin (CQ+CLD) for 3 or 5 days vs chloroquine (CQ)

Outcome or subgroup title

No. of studies

No. of participants

Statistical method

Effect size

1 Treatment failure at day 14 Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

1.1 3‐day clindamycin

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

1.2 5‐day clindamycin

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

2 Adverse event: itching Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

2.1 3‐day clindamycin

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

2.2 5‐day clindamycin

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3 Adverse event: diarrhoea Show forest plot

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

Totals not selected

3.1 3‐day clindamycin

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

3.2 5‐day clindamycin

1

Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)

0.0 [0.0, 0.0]

Figures and Tables -
Comparison 12. Chloroquine plus clindamycin (CQ+CLD) for 3 or 5 days vs chloroquine (CQ)